Session 1 Predictive Maintenance: reports on the cumulative effects of years of work; Session 2 Buildings and Structures: reports on new developments in another long standing application; Session 3 Products and Processes: presents a variety of instrument performance criteria and applications in quality and process control; Session 4 Materials: reflects the fastest growth area and Session 5 Research: reports on new developments.

This book highlights the latest advancements in the use of automated systems in the design, construction, operation and future of the built environment and its occupants. It considers how the use of automated decision-making frameworks, artificial intelligence and other technologies of automation are presently impacting the practice of architects, engineers, project managers and contractors, and articulates the near future changes to workflows, legal frameworks and the wider AEC industry. This book surveys and compiles the use of city apps, robots that operate buildings and fabricate structural elements, 3D printing, drones, sensors, algorithms, and advanced prefabricated modules. The book also contributes to the growing literature on smart cities, and explores the impacts on data privacy and data sovereignty that arise through the use of sensors, digital twins and intelligent transport systems. It provides a useful reference for further research and development in the area of automation in design and construction to architects, engineers, project managers, superintendents and construction lawyers, contractors, policy makers, and students.

SPIE Milestones are collections of seminal papers from the world literature covering important discoveries and developments in optics and photonics.