This annual report monitors and evaluates agricultural policies in 54 countries, including the 38 OECD countries, the five non-OECD EU Member States, and 11 emerging economies.

This annual report monitors and evaluates agricultural policies in 54 countries, including the 38 OECD countries, the five non-OECD EU Member States, and 11 emerging economies. This year’s report focuses on policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and analyses the implications of agricultural support policies for the performance of food systems.

Climate change poses many challenges that affect society and the natural world. With these challenges, however, come opportunities to respond. By taking steps to adapt to and mitigate climate change, the risks to society and the impacts of continued climate change can be lessened. The National Climate Assessment, coordinated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program, is a mandated report intended to inform response decisions. Required to be developed every four years, these reports provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of climate change impacts available for the United States, making them a unique and important climate change document. The draft Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) report reviewed here addresses a wide range of topics of high importance to the United States and society more broadly, extending from human health and community well-being, to the built environment, to businesses and economies, to ecosystems and natural resources. This report evaluates the draft NCA4 to determine if it meets the requirements of the federal mandate, whether it provides accurate information grounded in the scientific literature, and whether it effectively communicates climate science, impacts, and responses for general audiences including the public, decision makers, and other stakeholders.

Indian agriculture has set new milestones in its progress. Since independence, major strides have been made in production of food grains, not only due to increase in area but also due to technology. As a result, the food grains production increased from 50.82 million tonnes in 1950-51 to 328.85 million tonnes in 2023-24. The phenomenal growth in agricultural production since independence has been triggered by higher input use, particularly purchased inputs as well as technology induced productivity enhancement, massive extension efforts, improved farm practices and, above all, ingenuity and hard work of Indian farmers since the Green Revolution Period in late 1960s. However, several challenges – some old and some new – remain. Growth of the agriculture sector has led to the unsustainable use of natural resources like land, water and bio diversity, spread of insects and pests, indiscriminate use of agro chemicals and adverse impact on ecology and environment. There is a need to create an enabling environment for this transition, through appropriate policies and institutions, an enabling regulatory environment, development of frontier technologies, as well as public and private investments in agriculture and agri-business. This will enable agriculture to play a key role in achieving the goal of Viksit Bharat, inclusive development, green growth and gainful employment during Amrit Kaal (NITI Ayog, 2023). This book is an attempt to present the present situation, strategies to be adopted during the Amrut Kaal to make country Atma Nirbhar Bharat by 2047 having focus on agriculture and allied sectors. The final papers come out from the eminent experts are briefly summarized here.

The current global economy faces many challenges, including environmental changes, evolving markets, and complex resource management issues. These challenges are interlinked and require a comprehensive approach to address effectively. While crucial, the transition to more sustainable practices poses significant challenges for businesses, governments, and societies worldwide. Companies must navigate the complexities of shifting to renewable energy sources, adopting sustainable agricultural practices, and implementing eco-friendly manufacturing processes, all while maintaining profitability and competitiveness in a rapidly evolving market. Marketing and Resource Management for Green Transitions in Economies offers a comprehensive solution by exploring the synergies and trade-offs between environmental changes, market evolution, and resource management dilemmas. It provides a cohesive strategy to steer the global economy towards sustainable growth and resilience. By presenting complex concepts that are accessible and highlighting practical implications, the book serves as a guide for businesses, governments, and societies looking to transition to more sustainable practices. This publication will be invaluable to academics, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to understand and implement sustainable practices in their operations. It will serve as a resource for business leaders looking to navigate the complexities of the green transition and for researchers exploring the intersection of environmental changes, market evolution, and resource management.

The OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2024-2033 provides a consensus assessment of the ten-year prospects for agricultural commodity and fish markets. This Outlook edition reveals important trends. Emerging economies will be pivotal in shaping the global agricultural landscape, with India expected to overtake China as the leading player. Yet calorie intake growth in low-income countries is projected to be only 4%. Agriculture's global greenhouse gas intensity is projected to decline, although direct emissions from agriculture will likely increase by 5%. If food loss and waste could be halved, however, this would have the potential to reduce both global agricultural GHG emissions by 4% and the number of undernourished people by 153 million by 2030. Well-functioning international agricultural commodity markets will remain vital for global food security and rural livelihoods. Expected developments should keep real international reference prices on a slightly declining trend over the next ten years, although environmental, social, geopolitical, and economic factors could significantly alter these projections. More information can be found at www.agri-outlook.org.

This annual report monitors and evaluates agricultural policies in 54 countries, including the 38 OECD countries, the five non-OECD EU Member States, and 11 emerging economies. It finds that the continued rise in agricultural support has been slower than sector growth in recent years, but has been driven to record highs mainly by temporary factors.