In this thesis chemical and epitaxial degrees of freedom are used to manipulate charge and spin ordering phenomena in two families of transition metal oxides, while taking advantage of state-of-the-art resonant x-ray scattering (RXS) methods to characterize their microscopic origin in a comprehensive manner. First, the relationship of charge density wave order to both magnetism and the "pseudogap" phenomenon is systematically examined as a function of charge-carrier doping and isovalent chemical substitution in single crystals of a copper oxide high-temperature superconductor. Then, in copper oxide thin films, an unusual three-dimensionally long-range-ordered charge density wave state is discovered, which persists to much higher temperatures than charge-ordered states in other high-temperature superconductors. By combining crystallographic and spectroscopic measurements, the origin of this phenomenon is traced to the epitaxial relationship with the underlying substrate. This discovery opens new perspectives for the investigation of charge order and its influence on the electronic properties of the cuprates. In a separate set of RXS experiments on superlattices with alternating nickel and dysprosium oxides, several temperature- and magnetic-field-induced magnetic phase transitions are discovered. These observations are explained in a model based on transfer of magnetic order and magneto-crystalline anisotropy between the Ni and Dy subsystems, thus establishing a novel model system for the interplay between transition-metal and rare-earth magnetism.

A one-of-a-kind text offering an introduction to the use of spectroscopic ellipsometry for novel material characterization In Introduction to Spectroscopic Ellipsometry of Thin Film Materials: Instrumentation, Data Analysis and Applications, a team of eminent researchers delivers an incisive exploration of how the traditional experimental technique of spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to characterize the intrinsic properties of novel materials. The book focuses on the scientifically and technologically important two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs), magnetic oxides like manganite materials, and unconventional superconductors, including copper oxide systems. The distinguished authors discuss the characterization of properties, like electronic structures, interfacial properties, and the consequent quasiparticle dynamics in novel quantum materials. Along with illustrative and specific case studies on how spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to study the optical and quasiparticle properties of novel systems, the book includes: Thorough introductions to the basic principles of spectroscopic ellipsometry and strongly correlated systems, including copper oxides and manganites Comprehensive explorations of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides Practical discussions of single layer graphene systems and nickelate systems In-depth examinations of potential future developments and applications of spectroscopic ellipsometry Perfect for master’s- and PhD-level students in physics and chemistry, Introduction to Spectroscopic Ellipsometry of Thin Film Materials will also earn a place in the libraries of those studying materials science seeking a one-stop reference for the applications of spectroscopic ellipsometry to novel developed materials.

Lanthanides: Fundamentals and Applications provides the fundamentals, new research, promising applications and future outlooks of lanthanide compounds and lanthanide-based materials. The book begins with an introduction, including key concepts, oxidation states and sources, extraction and separation of the lanthanides, followed by spectroscopic and magnetic properties, and metals, crystals and compounds. Organometallic compounds, coordination compounds, molecular magnetic materials and luminescent materials are covered before a discussion of specific lanthanide applications. Spintronics, bioimaging, photoelectric materials, catalysis and nuclear applications are discussed. This comprehensive resource is ideal for researchers and students studying inorganic and materials chemistry, in both academia and industry. - Includes comprehensive and in-depth coverage of lanthanides - Features the most current research progress on lanthanides - Covers a combination view of fundamental research and specific applications of the lanthanides, including spintronics, bioimaging and additives for photoelectric materials

This thesis explores an amazing family of oxide compounds - the nickelates - known for their metal-to-insulator transition and, in the case of LaNiO3, to be a possible building block for designing a synthetic high Tc superconductor. Competition between various fascinating phases makes these materials very sensitive to external parameters and it is thus possible to dramatically tune their properties. This work on ultrathin LaNiO3 and the solid solution Nd1-xLaxNiO3 has important implications for the search for superconductivity in this class of materials.

This handbook gives a complete and detailed survey of the field of semiconductor physics. It addresses every fundamental principle, the most important research topics and results, as well as conventional and emerging new areas of application. Additionally it provides all essential reference material on crystalline bulk, low-dimensional, and amorphous semiconductors, including valuable data on their optical, transport, and dynamic properties. This updated and extended second edition includes essential coverage of rapidly advancing areas in semiconductor physics, such as topological insulators, quantum optics, magnetic nanostructures and spintronic systems. Richly illustrated and authored by a duo of internationally acclaimed experts in solar energy and semiconductor physics, this handbook delivers in-depth treatment of the field, reflecting a combined experience spanning several decades as both researchers and educators. Offering a unique perspective on many issues, Semiconductor Physics is an invaluable reference for physicists, materials scientists and engineers throughout academia and industry.

Metal Oxide Defects: Fundamentals, Design, Development and Applications provides a broad perspective on the development of advanced experimental techniques to study defects and their chemical activity and catalytic reactivity in various metal oxides. This book highlights advances in characterization and analytical techniques to achieve better understanding of a wide range of defects, most importantly, state-of-the-art methodologies for controlling defects. The book provides readers with pathways to apply basic principles and interpret the behavior of metal oxides. After reviewing characterization and analytical techniques, the book focuses on the relationship of defects to the properties and performance of metal oxides. Finally, there is a review of the methods to control defects and the applications of defect engineering for the design of metal oxides for applications in optoelectronics, energy, sensing, and more. This book is a key reference for materials scientists and engineers, chemists, and physicists. - Reviews advances in characterization and analytical techniques to understand the behavior of defects in metal oxide materials - Introduces defect engineering applied to the design of metal oxide materials with desirable properties - Discusses applications of defect engineering to enhance the performance of materials for a wide range of applications, with an emphasis on optoelectronics

Authored by many of the world's leading experts on high-Tc superconductivity, this volume presents a panorama of ongoing research in the field, as well as insights into related multifunctional materials. The contributions cover many different and complementary aspects of the physics and materials challenges, with an emphasis on superconducting materials that have emerged since the discovery of the cuprate superconductors, for example pnictides, MgB2, H2S and other hydrides. Special attention is also paid to interface superconductivity. In addition to superconductors, the volume also addresses materials related to polar and multifunctional ground states, another class of materials that owes its discovery to Prof. Müller's ground-breaking research on SrTiO3.