Members of the gastropod family Littorinidae are common throughout the world. They form a very abundant component of many intertidal and shallow subtidal ecosystems and, by their grazing, often play a central role in shaping these communities. They also display a wide range of life history strategies and many are polymorphic, making them attractive model organisms for ecologists, evolutionary biologists and physiologists alike. Areas of particular interest include ecological interactions with other animals and with algae, the effects of pollutants and the use of littorinids as sentinel species for monitoring pollution, the effects of parasites on growth and ecology, taxonomy, and the study of genotypic/phenotypic responses to environmental factors. There is still much to be done, and the littorinids are proving to be an ideal group on which to work. Audience: Primarily targeted at the research level. Will also provide useful information for advanced first-degree students conducting research projects.

Members of the family Littorinidae are among the most widely studied gastropod molluscs and the more questions we answer about this group, the more questions are inevitably posed. Littorinid research spans diverse disciplines, from molecular biology, physiology, ecology, systematics and evolutionary biology to elegant anatomical studies. The papers n this volume reflect the current research being carried out on littorinids, and fall into three broad themes: systematics, ecology, and pollution studies. This book is primarily targeted at the research level, while providing useful information for advanced first-degree students conducting research projects.

Littoral gastropods of the families Littorinidae and Muricidae are well studied compared to most marine taxa, yet there remain many basic problems concerning their taxonomy, ecology and evolutionary biology. In other words, we know these snails well enough to realize just how little we really know about them. This awareness prompted the First European Meeting on Littorinid Biology held at the British Museum in London on 26th November 1986, and the discussion continued through the Second Meeting on Littorinid Biology, held at the Tjarno Marine Biological Laboratory, Sweden, from 4th to 8th July 1988. During the Tjiirno meeting, it was agreed to have a third meeting at Dale, Pembroke shire, U.K. in 1990. Twenty-two people attended the Tjarno meeting, and a further ten contributed as co-authors to the papers that were presented. These covered research in progress in a broad range of topics, and geo graphical areas. Unfortunately, Cesare Sacchi and Domenico Voltolina, as well as Elisabeth Boulding were not able to attend the meeting in person, but their contributions were ably presented by David Reid and Richard Palmer, respectively. We also regret that one of us, C.E., and several of our Russian colleagues, did not have the opportunity to come.

This volume of Advances in Marine Biology contains four eclectic reviews on topics ranging from marine mollusc mucus to deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna.Advances in Marine Biology contains up-to-date reviews of all areas of marine science, including fisheries science and macro/micro fauna. Each volume contains peer-reviewed papers detailing the ecology of marine regions.

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Metal Metabolism in Animals" that was published in IJMS

The six reviews in this latest issue of Advances in Ecological Research cover a broad spectrum of ecology, from micro-patterns and processes, to the ecophysiology of the individual organism, to forest-scale processes. Topics covered include the possible evolutionary forces that have shaped particular strategies, and the potential and limitations for techniques in ecology, such as fractal geometry, field experiments and eddy co-variance measures. Despite this diversity of topics, there are plenty of points of contact and cross-reference.

Coverage: 1982- current; updated: monthly. This database covers current ecology research across a wide range of disciplines, reflecting recent advances in light of growing evidence regarding global environmental change and destruction. Major ares of subject coverage include: Algae/lichens, Animals, Annelids, Aquatic ecosystems, Arachnids, Arid zones, Birds, Brackish water, Bryophytes/pteridophytes, Coastal ecosystems, Conifers, Conservation, Control, Crustaceans, Ecosyst em studies, Fungi, Grasses, Grasslands, High altitude environments, Human ecology, Insects, Legumes, Mammals, Management, Microorganisms, Molluscs, Nematodes, Paleo-ecology, Plants, Pollution studies, Reptiles, River basins, Soil, TAiga/tundra, Terrestrial ecosystems, Vertebrates, Wetlands, Woodlands.