As the title of the book suggests, the topics of this book are organized into two parts. The first part points out the fuzzy differential equations and the second one is related to the fuzzy integral equations. The book contains nine chapters that six chapters are about fuzzy differential equations and three of them are about fuzzy integral equations. In each part, the chapters’ authors are going to discuss the topics theoretically and numerically. All researchers and students in the field of mathematical, computer, and also engineering sciences can benefit from the subjects of the book.

This book aims at providing an overview of state-of-the-art in both the theory and methods of intuitionistic fuzzy logic, partial differential equations and numerical methods in informatics. It covers topics such as fuzzy intuitionistic Hilbert spaces, intuitionistic fuzzy differential equations, fuzzy intuitionistic metric spaces, and numerical methods for differential equations. It reports on applications such as fuzzy real time scheduling, intelligent control, diagnostics and time series prediction. Chapters were carefully selected among contributions presented at the second edition of the International Conference on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Mathematical Science, ICIFSMAS, held on April 11-13, 2018, at Al Akhawayn University of Ifrane, in Morocco.

This book provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in both the theory and methods of intuitionistic fuzzy logic, partial differential equations and numerical methods in informatics. Covering topics such as fuzzy intuitionistic Hilbert spaces, intuitionistic fuzzy differential equations, fuzzy intuitionistic metric spaces, and numerical methods for differential equations, it discusses applications such as fuzzy real-time scheduling, intelligent control, diagnostics and time series prediction. The book features selected contributions presented at the 6th international congress of the Moroccan Applied Mathematics Society, which took place at Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni Mellal, Morocco, from 7 to 9 November 2019.

This book may be used as reference for graduate students interested in fuzzy differential equations and researchers working in fuzzy sets and systems, dynamical systems, uncertainty analysis, and applications of uncertain dynamical systems. Beginning with a historical overview and introduction to fundamental notions of fuzzy sets, including different possibilities of fuzzy differentiation and metric spaces, this book moves on to an overview of fuzzy calculus thorough exposition and comparison of different approaches. Innovative theories of fuzzy calculus and fuzzy differential equations using fuzzy bunches of functions are introduced and explored. Launching with a brief review of essential theories, this book investigates both well-known and novel approaches in this field; such as the Hukuhara differentiability and its generalizations as well as differential inclusions and Zadeh’s extension. Through a unique analysis, results of all these theories are examined and compared.

Fuzzy differential functions are applicable to real-world problems in engineering, computer science, and social science. That relevance makes for rapid development of new ideas and theories. This volume is a timely introduction to the subject that describes the current state of the theory of fuzzy differential equations and inclusions and provides a systematic account of recent developments. The chapters are presented in a clear and logical way and include the preliminary material for fuzzy set theory; a description of calculus for fuzzy functions, an investigation of the basic theory of fuzzy differential equations, and an introduction to fuzzy differential inclusions.

This book contains new and useful materials concerning fuzzy fractional differential and integral operators and their relationship. As the title of the book suggests, the fuzzy subject matter is one of the most important tools discussed. Therefore, it begins by providing a brief but important and new description of fuzzy sets and the computational calculus they require. Fuzzy fractals and fractional operators have a broad range of applications in the engineering, medical and economic sciences. Although these operators have been addressed briefly in previous papers, this book represents the first comprehensive collection of all relevant explanations. Most of the real problems in the biological and engineering sciences involve dynamic models, which are defined by fuzzy fractional operators in the form of fuzzy fractional initial value problems. Another important goal of this book is to solve these systems and analyze their solutions both theoretically and numerically. Given the content covered, the book will benefit all researchers and students in the mathematical and computer sciences, but also the engineering sciences.

It is very well known that differential equations are related with the rise of physical science in the last several decades and they are used successfully for models of real-world problems in a variety of fields from several disciplines. Additionally, difference equations represent the discrete analogues of differential equations. These types of equations started to be used intensively during the last several years for their multiple applications, particularly in complex chaotic behavior. A certain class of differential and related difference equations is represented by their respective fractional forms, which have been utilized to better describe non-local phenomena appearing in all branches of science and engineering. The purpose of this book is to present some common results given by mathematicians together with physicists, engineers, as well as other scientists, for whom differential and difference equations are valuable research tools. The reported results can be used by researchers and academics working in both pure and applied differential equations.

During last decade significant progress has been made in the oil indus try by using soft computing technology. Underlying this evolving technology there have, been ideas transforming the very language we use to describe problems with imprecision, uncertainty and partial truth. These developments offer exciting opportunities, but at the same time it is becoming clearer that further advancements are confronted by funda mental problems. The whole idea of how human process information lies at the core of the challenge. There are already new ways of thinking about the problems within theory of perception-based information. This theory aims to understand and harness the laws of human perceptions to dramatically im prove the processing of information. A matured theory of perception-based information is likely to be proper positioned to contribute to the solution of the problems and provide all the ingredients for a revolution in science, technology and business. In this context, Berkeley Initiative in Soft Computing (BISC), Univer sity of California, Berkeley from one side and Chevron-Texaco from another formed a Technical Committee to organize a Meeting entitled "State of the Art Assessment and New Directions for Research" to understand the signifi cance of the fields accomplishments, new developments and future directions. The Technical Committee selected and invited 15 scientists (and oil indus try experts as technical committee members) from the related disciplines to participate in the Meeting, which took place at the University of California, Berkeley, and March 15-17, 2002.

Differential equations play a vital role in the modeling of physical and engineering problems, such as those in solid and fluid mechanics, viscoelasticity, biology, physics, and many other areas. In general, the parameters, variables and initial conditions within a model are considered as being defined exactly. In reality there may be only vague, imprecise or incomplete information about the variables and parameters available. This can result from errors in measurement, observation, or experimental data; application of different operating conditions; or maintenance induced errors. To overcome uncertainties or lack of precision, one can use a fuzzy environment in parameters, variables and initial conditions in place of exact (fixed) ones, by turning general differential equations into Fuzzy Differential Equations ("FDEs"). In real applications it can be complicated to obtain exact solution of fuzzy differential equations due to complexities in fuzzy arithmetic, creating the need for use of reliable and efficient numerical techniques in the solution of fuzzy differential equations. These include fuzzy ordinary and partial, fuzzy linear and nonlinear, and fuzzy arbitrary order differential equations. This unique work?provides a new direction for the reader in the use of basic concepts of fuzzy differential equations, solutions and its applications. It can serve as an essential reference work for students, scholars, practitioners, researchers and academicians in engineering and science who need to model uncertain physical problems.