This book is a superbly illustrated guide to the latest endoscopic approaches employed in surgery to the lumbar spine. In the past, spinal endoscopic surgeries have been performed mainly in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, but indications have now expanded owing to breakthroughs in surgical methods and instruments. Furthermore, in addition to the traditional percutaneous transforaminal approach, various other approaches are now feasible, including the posterior, paraspinal, transpedicular, and contralateral. This book describes and illustrates the full array of approaches in indications including lumbar central stenosis, lumbar foraminal stenosis, and lumbar disc herniation. Detailed guidance is also provided on endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion, covering the oblique, uniportal, and biportal approaches. Supplementary surgical videos further facilitate understanding and execution of the described procedures. Written by expert spinal endoscopy surgeons with extensive practical experience and a record of academic achievement, the book will be an ideal aid for spine surgeons at all levels of experience.

Biportal endoscopic spine surgery has been rapidly developed recently, and Unilateral biportal endoscopic spine (UBE) surgery may be new stream in spine surgery. UBE surgery is a new concept of surgery that is different from the existing one portal endoscopic surgery, and has the advantage of being familiar with spinal surgeons as the surgical anatomy is similar to a general surgical method, and the learning curve period is short. The 4mm diameter endoscope provides a very clear image, and it can be safely operated under magnified and clear endoscopic view. It is also available to use general surgical instruments in addition to endoscopic surgical instruments during UBE approaches. Currently it is being performed not only in the lumbar spine, but also in the cervical and thoracic spine. In addition, simple laminectomy, disc removal, and spinal fusion are possible. With the advancement of UBE surgery, spinal surgeons from various countries have been performing UBE in recent years, and it is gradually spreading to the world. This will be the first book summarizing from basic to advanced techniques with abundant illustrations and video aid for easy understanding.

In the past, the cervical and thoracic vertebrae were areas that were not well performed by spinal endoscopy. However, with the rapid development of spinal endoscopic surgery techniques and instruments, various kinds of spinal endoscopic approaches are currently performing and developing in the cervical and thoracic spine. This is the first book covering the latest knowledge of cervical and thoracic spinal endoscopic surgery. This book will provide abundant illustrations and also surgical videos so that it can be easily understood by spinal surgeons who are learning and studying spinal endoscopy. In addition, the prevention of complications associated with endoscopic surgery will be discussed in detail.

Endoscopic technology has advanced to the point where practitioners can now access, visualize, and treat spine pathologies previously only accessible through open surgical approaches. Endoscopic Spine Surgery 2nd Edition provides a comprehensive background on endoscopic spine surgery and covers an unparalleled number of minimally invasive spine procedures that have revolutionized the spine treatment paradigm. Readers will greatly benefit from many years of expertise and wisdom shared by master spine surgeons Daniel Kim, Gun Choi, Sang-Ho Lee, and Richard Fessler, and their expert contributors. Due to the narrow endoscopic view, subtle microanatomical differences in the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical regions are not always easy to visually discern. To address this challenge, the book contains detailed procedural descriptions and images mirroring endoscopic views spine surgeons encounter in the OR. Organized anatomically, 53 chapters guide readers systematically through lumbar, thoracic, cervical, and craniocervical junction procedures for pathologies ranging from low back pain and deformities to tumors, lesions, infections, and trauma. Key Features More than 1000 high quality images including color procedural photographs and medical illustrations provide in-depth visual understanding. Spinal pathologies and procedures delineated in 75 videos accessible via the Media Center - from case studies to step-by-step technique tutorials. Covers the full spectrum of spine endoscopy including percutaneous approaches, microdiscectomy, laminectomy, discectomy foraminotomy, hemilaminectomy, thoracic decompressions, fusion, fixation, and thoracoscopic procedures. The use of state-of-the-art technology such as ultrasonic bone dissectors, endoscopic radiofrequency denervation, the video telescope operating monitor (VITOM), minimally invasive tubular retractors, and 3D stereo-tubular endoscopic systems. Neurosurgical and orthopaedic residents, spine fellows, and seasoned spine surgeons will all greatly benefit from the significant knowledge and insights revealed in this remarkable multimedia resource. This book may also be of interest to neurosurgical and orthopaedic nurses, physical therapists, chiropractors, and medical device professionals.

Endoscopic spine surgery is the essence of the minimally invasive surgery technique. It’s a gradually developing field of spine surgery. Nevertheless, many doctors still have difficulties in acquiring an endoscope by themselves. This is especially true for transforaminal approach endoscopy. The editors of the book are pioneers in endoscopy and have had many interesting experiences related to transforaminal endoscopy. Since each patient has a different anatomy and disc shape, there are numerous practical techniques suitable for it, but few are specifically able to describe it. The main purpose of this book is to provide the essence of endoscopy to date, based on actual video images and practical techniques of transforaminal endoscopy accumulated over decades.

The term “minimally invasive spinal surgery” was coined in early 1990 following pub- cation of the first edition of this text entitled Arthroscopic Microdiscectomy: Minimal Intervention in Spinal Surgery, and subsequent establishment of the International Society for Minimal Intervention in Spinal Surgery (ISMISS) under the auspices of the International Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology (SICOT) in April l990. The orthopedic and neurological surgeons who participated in lectures and hands-on wo- shops both in Philadelphia and abroad have witnessed the evolution of minimally invasive spinal surgery from blind nucleotomy to endoscopic fragmentectomy, decompression of l- eral recess stenosis, foraminoplasty, and spinal stabilization. In Arthroscopic and Endoscopic Spinal Surgery: Text and Atlas, Second Edition, experts describe and illustrate various techniques and approaches that are currently used in this field. In addition, the ongoing research for the betterment of spine care via minimally invasive approaches is briefly reviewed. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to so many of my colleagues who s- ported my efforts in the field of minimally invasive spinal surgery throughout the years. Many of them participated in our teaching symposiums and have provided valuable cont- butions to this text.

Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery brings the reader the most up-to-date information on the endoscopy of the spine. Key opinion leaders from around the world have come together to present the clinical evidence behind their competitive endoscopic spinal surgery protocols. Chapters in the series cover a range of aspects of spine surgery including spinal pain generators, preoperative workup with modern independent predictors of favorable clinical outcomes with endoscopy, anesthesia in an outpatient setting, management of complications, and a fresh look at technology advances in a historical context. The reader will have a first-row seat during the illustrative discussions of expanded surgical indications from herniated disc to more complex clinical problems, including stenosis, instability, and deformity in patients with advanced degenerative disease of the human spine. Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery is divided into three volumes: Cervical Spine, Lumbar Spine, and Advanced Technologies to capture an accurate snapshot in time of this fast-moving field. It is intended as a comprehensive go-to reference text for surgeons in graduate residency and postgraduate fellowship training programs and for practicing spine surgeons interested in looking for the scientific foundation for expanding their clinical practice towards endoscopic surgery. This volume (Advanced Technologies) covers the following endoscopic spine surgery topics in 19 detailed chapters: endoscopic intradiscal therapy and foraminoplasty, evidence based medicine in spine surgery, artificial intelligence for spine surgery, postoperative management, transforaminal lumbar endoscopy and associated complications, laser applications in full endoscopy of the spine, high frequency surgery for the treatment of herniated discs, lumbar MRI, cost and maintenance management of endoscopic spine systems, regenerative medicine, interbody fusion, endoscopic intravertebral canal decompression after spinal fracture, treatment of lumbar tuberculosis, treatment of degenerative scoliosis, treatment of thoracic meningioma with spinal canal decompression, and cervical endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (CE-ULBD).

Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery brings the reader the most up-to-date information on the endoscopy of the spine. Key opinion leaders from around the world have come together to present the clinical evidence behind their competitive endoscopic spinal surgery protocols. Chapters in the series cover a range of aspects of spine surgery including spinal pain generators, preoperative workup with modern independent predictors of favorable clinical outcomes with endoscopy, anesthesia in an outpatient setting, management of complications, and a fresh look at technology advances in a historical context. The reader will have a first-row seat during the illustrative discussions of expanded surgical indications from herniated disc to more complex clinical problems, including stenosis, instability, and deformity in patients with advanced degenerative disease of the human spine. Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery is divided into three volumes: Cervical Spine, Lumbar Spine, and Advanced Technologies to capture an accurate snapshot in time of this fast-moving field. It is intended as a comprehensive go-to reference text for surgeons in graduate residency and postgraduate fellowship training programs and for practicing spine surgeons interested in looking for the scientific foundation for their practice expansion into endoscopic surgery.This volume (Lumbar Spine) covers the following topics in 18 detailed chapters:Lumbar endoscopy: historical perspectives, present & futureEndoscopic lumbar discectomy – anatomy, nomenclature, indications and advanced techniquesCurrent approaches for the treatment of endstage vacuum degenerative lumbar disc diseaseAdvanced endoscopic techniques of lumbar foraminotomy and treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesisEndoscopic treatment of lumbar facet cystsEndoscopic techniques for the treatment of a wide range of chronic low back painEndoscopic spine surgery techniques in the elderlyEndoscopic fusion techniquesEndoscopic resection of schwannomaTechnical notes for difficult cases, controversies and complications of lumbar endoscopy

Covers the latest developments in minimally invasive techniques now used in spinal surgery. Applied anatomy, indications, and outcomes are all addressed by an international team of experienced contributors.

A highly visual guide to minimally invasive endoscopic techniques for the spine Endoscopic Spine Procedures combines the vast experience of internationally recognized spine surgery experts and provides detailed coverage of operative techniques for the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine. This book begins with an overview of the principles of percutaneous endoscopic spine surgery followed by a detailed discussion of applied anatomy, surgical approaches and techniques, and potential complications for the different spine regions. Each chapter contains concise, step-by-step descriptions of the procedures enhanced by clearly labeled illustrations. Features: Bullet-point format enables rapid reference prior to surgery High-resolution videos -- one for every procedure described in the book -- appear on an accompanying DVD More than 600 high-quality illustrations prepare readers for surgery, including radiographs, full-color endoscopic views, detailed drawings, and 3-D surgical views Clinical cases demonstrate how to tell the differences between spine levels and between disease states This concise technical guide is an essential resource for neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, interventional radiologists, or anyone involved in the care of patients with spine disorders.