Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics will cover a number of important topics related to Para and Adapted Sports Medicine. The issue is under the editorial direction of Drs. Yetsa Tuakli and Wayne Derman. Topics in this issue will include: Representations of self and disability through para sport; Prosthetics in para sport; Evidence-based classification of para athletes; Autonomic nervous system in para athletes with spinal cord injury; Training and performance characteristics of para swimmers; Concussion in para athletes; Engineering and technology in wheelchair sport; The Athlete with brain injury; Social inclusion through para sport; and Para athletic identity from competition to retirement.

Physical rehabilitation for walking recovery after spinal cord injury is undergoing a paradigm shift. Therapy historically has focused on compensation for sensorimotor deficits after SCI using wheelchairs and bracing to achieve mobility. With locomotor training, the aim is to promote recovery via activation of the neuromuscular system below the level of the lesion. What basic scientists have shown us as the potential of the nervous system for plasticity, to learn, even after injury is being translated into a rehabilitation strategy by taking advantage of the intrinsic biology of the central nervous system. While spinal cord injury from basic and clinical perspectives was the gateway for developing locomotor training, its application has been extended to other populations with neurologic dysfunction resulting in loss of walking or walking disability.

This first-of-its-kind text provides a comprehensive presentation and review of the unique aspects of adaptive sports medicine and adaptive athletes, who are increasingly active and prominent, not only individually and in local leagues and organizations but also in larger settings like the Paralympics. Divided into thematic sections, part one covers the history and natural course of the care, policies and laws that have been developed over the years for persons with disabilities, as well as the biomechanics and technology of wheelchair sports and adaptive sports prostheses. The medical considerations of the adaptive athlete comprise part two, including injury epidemiology, emergent care, and surgical and rehabilitative considerations. Part three, by far the most extensive section, discusses specific wheelchair and adaptive sports, including adaptive running, cycling, water sports and throwing sports, wheelchair basketball, softball and rugby, as well as adaptive combative and extreme sports. Selected topics, including event planning, advocacy and controversies such as doping, are covered in part four. A comprehensive yet practical text, Adaptive Sports Medicine is a go-to resource and will be an invaluable reference for any sports medicine or primary medicine practitioner working with this unique population.

A comprehensive compilation of applied topics, Nutritional Applications in Exercise and Sport discusses issues related to the life cycle, group-specific nutritional concerns of athletes, and the particular sport of the athlete. It addresses the physically and medically disabled athlete, athletes addicted to alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana, and those with eating disorders. The book also focuses on the nutritional applications of exercise and sport rather than the usual treatment of nutrient-specific metabolism. Studies and tables clearly illustrate the concepts and provide quick and easy access to the information readers need to put theory into practice. It serves as a companion resource to books that take a nutrient/metabolism specific approach.

This book is a collection of summarized papers and poster presentations from the 4th International Congress Rehabilitation: Mobility, Exercise & Sports, which will be of interest to all those involved in the field of human movement sciences and the rehabilitation professions. Rehabilitation medicine is a relatively young discipline, as is the science of human movement, but both have progressed rapidly from their inception in the latter half of the 20th century to take their current place as important, multi-disciplinary, evidence-based, academic and clinical research subjects.

Used as both a core textbook in PT programs and as a clinical reference, Physical Therapy for Children, 4th Edition, provides the essential information needed by PTs, both student and professional, when working with children. Like the previous bestselling editions, the 4th edition follows the practice pattern categories of the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice and uses the IFC model of the disabling process as it presents up-to-date evidence-based coverage of treatment. In this latest edition, Suzann Campbell DeLapp, Robert J. Palisano, and Margo N. Orlin have added more case studies and video clips, additional chapters and Medline-linked references online, and Evidence to Practice boxes to make it easy to find and remember important information. Provides comprehensive foundational knowledge in decision making, screening, development, motor control, and motor learning, the impairments of body function and structure, and the PT management of pediatric disorders. Reflects a family-centered care model throughout to help you understand how to involve children and their caregivers in developing and implementing intervention plans. Emphasizes an evidence-based approach that incorporates the latest research for the best outcomes. Follows the practice pattern guidelines of the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, 2nd Edition which sets the standard for physical therapy practice. Features the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization (WHO) as the model for the disabling process, emphasizing activity rather than functional limitations and participation rather than disability in keeping with the book’s focus on prevention of disability. Provides extensive case studies that show the practical application of material covered in the text and are often accompanied by online video clips illustrating the condition and its management. Makes it easy to access key information with plenty of tables and boxes that organize and summarize important points. Clearly demonstrates important concepts and clinical conditions you’ll encounter in practice with over 800 illustrations. Takes learning to a deeper level with additional resources on the Evolve website featuring: Over 40 video clips that correspond to case studies and demonstrate conditions found in each chapter Helpful resources, including web links Questions and exercises you’ll find helpful when preparing for the pediatric specialist certification exam

Special Education in Contemporary Society: An Introduction to Exceptionality offers a comprehensive, engaging, and readable introduction to the dynamic field of special education. Grounded in research and updated to reflect the most current thinking and standards of the field, this book provides students with the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and beliefs that are crucial to constructing learning environments that allow all students to reach their full potential. Authors Richard M. Gargiulo and Emily C. Bouck encourage a deep awareness and understanding of the "human" side of special education, providing students with a look into the lives of exceptional students and their families, as well as the teachers that work with exceptional persons throughout their lives. The Seventh Edition maintains the broad context and research focus for which the book is known while expanding on current trends and contemporary issues to better serve both pre-service and in-service teachers of exceptional individuals. This title is accompanied by a complete teaching and learning package.