A Collection of Problems on Mathematical Physics is a translation from the Russian and deals with problems and equations of mathematical physics. The book contains problems and solutions. The book discusses problems on the derivation of equations and boundary condition. These Problems are arranged on the type and reduction to canonical form of equations in two or more independent variables. The equations of hyperbolic type concerns derive from problems on vibrations of continuous media and on electromagnetic oscillations. The book considers the statement and solutions of boundary value problems pertaining to equations of parabolic types when the physical processes are described by functions of two, three or four independent variables such as spatial coordinates or time. The book then discusses dynamic problems pertaining to the mechanics of continuous media and problems on electrodynamics. The text also discusses hyperbolic and elliptic types of equations. The book is intended for students in advanced mathematics and physics, as well as, for engineers and workers in research institutions.

The extensive application of modern mathematical teehniques to theoretical and mathematical physics requires a fresh approach to the course of equations of mathematical physics. This is especially true with regards to such a fundamental concept as the 80lution of a boundary value problem. The concept of a generalized solution considerably broadens the field of problems and enables solving from a unified position the most interesting problems that cannot be solved by applying elassical methods. To this end two new courses have been written at the Department of Higher Mathematics at the Moscow Physics anrl Technology Institute, namely, "Equations of Mathematical Physics" by V. S. Vladimirov and "Partial Differential Equations" by V. P. Mikhailov (both books have been translated into English by Mir Publishers, the first in 1984 and the second in 1978). The present collection of problems is based on these courses and amplifies them considerably. Besides the classical boundary value problems, we have ineluded a large number of boundary value problems that have only generalized solutions. Solution of these requires using the methods and results of various branches of modern analysis. For this reason we have ineluded problems in Lebesgue in tegration, problems involving function spaces (especially spaces of generalized differentiable functions) and generalized functions (with Fourier and Laplace transforms), and integral equations.

This monograph deals with the problems of mathematical physics which are improperly posed in the sense of Hadamard. The first part covers various approaches to the formulation of improperly posed problems. These approaches are illustrated by the example of the classical improperly posed Cauchy problem for the Laplace equation. The second part deals with a number of problems of analytic continuations of analytic and harmonic functions. The third part is concerned with the investigation of the so-called inverse problems for differential equations in which it is required to determine a dif ferential equation from a certain family of its solutions. Novosibirsk June, 1967 M. M. LAVRENTIEV Table of Contents Chapter I Formu1ation of some Improperly Posed Problems of Mathematic:al Physics § 1 Improperly Posed Problems in Metric Spaces. . . . . . . . . § 2 A Probability Approach to Improperly Posed Problems. . . 8 Chapter II Analytic Continuation § 1 Analytic Continuation of a Function of One Complex Variable from a Part of the Boundary of the Region of Regularity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 § 2 The Cauchy Problem for the Laplace Equation . . . . . . . 18 § 3 Determination of an Analytic Function from its Values on a Set Inside the Domain of Regularity. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 § 4 Analytic Continuation of a Function of Two Real Variables 32 § 5 Analytic Continuation of Harmonic Functions from a Circle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 § 6 Analytic Continuation of Harmonic Function with Cylin drical Symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Chapter III Inverse Problems for Differential Equations § 1 The Inverse Problem for a Newtonian Potential . . . . . . .

For physics students interested in the mathematics they use, and for math students interested in seeing how some of the ideas of their discipline find realization in an applied setting. The presentation strikes a balance between formalism and application, between abstract and concrete. The interconnections among the various topics are clarified both by the use of vector spaces as a central unifying theme, recurring throughout the book, and by putting ideas into their historical context. Enough of the essential formalism is included to make the presentation self-contained.

Mathematical physics plays an important role in the study of many physical processes — hydrodynamics, elasticity, and electrodynamics, to name just a few. Because of the enormous range and variety of problems dealt with by mathematical physics, this thorough advanced undergraduate- or graduate-level text considers only those problems leading to partial differential equations. Contents: I. Classification of Partial Differential Equations II. Evaluations of the Hyperbolic Type III. Equations of the Parabolic Type IV. Equations of Elliptic Type V. Wave Propagation in Space VI. Heat Conduction in Space VII. Equations of Elliptic Type (Continuation) The authors — two well-known Russian mathematicians — have focused on typical physical processes and the principal types of equations dealing with them. Special attention is paid throughout to mathematical formulation, rigorous solutions, and physical interpretation of the results obtained. Carefully chosen problems designed to promote technical skills are contained in each chapter, along with extremely useful appendixes that supply applications of solution methods described in the main text. At the end of the book, a helpful supplement discusses special functions, including spherical and cylindrical functions.

This textbook, first published in 2004, provides an introduction to the major mathematical structures used in physics today.

This mathematical reference for theoretical physics employs common techniques and concepts to link classical and modern physics. It provides the necessary mathematics to solve most of the problems. Topics include the vibrating string, linear vector spaces, the potential equation, problems of diffusion and attenuation, probability and stochastic processes, and much more.

In the present edition I have included "Supplements and Problems" located at the end of each chapter. This was done with the aim of illustrating the possibilities of the methods contained in the book, as well as with the desire to make good on what I have attempted to do over the course of many years for my students-to awaken their creativity, providing topics for independent work. The source of my own initial research was the famous two-volume book Methods of Mathematical Physics by D. Hilbert and R. Courant, and a series of original articles and surveys on partial differential equations and their applications to problems in theoretical mechanics and physics. The works of K. o. Friedrichs, which were in keeping with my own perception of the subject, had an especially strong influence on me. I was guided by the desire to prove, as simply as possible, that, like systems of n linear algebraic equations in n unknowns, the solvability of basic boundary value (and initial-boundary value) problems for partial differential equations is a consequence of the uniqueness theorems in a "sufficiently large" function space. This desire was successfully realized thanks to the introduction of various classes of general solutions and to an elaboration of the methods of proof for the corresponding uniqueness theorems. This was accomplished on the basis of comparatively simple integral inequalities for arbitrary functions and of a priori estimates of the solutions of the problems without enlisting any special representations of those solutions.

This book is the second edition, whose original mission was to offer a new approach for students wishing to better understand the mathematical tenets that underlie the study of physics. This mission is retained in this book. The structure of the book is one that keeps pedagogical principles in mind at every level. Not only are the chapters sequenced in such a way as to guide the reader down a clear path that stretches throughout the book, but all individual sections and subsections are also laid out so that the material they address becomes progressively more complex along with the reader's ability to comprehend it. This book not only improves upon the first in many details, but it also fills in some gaps that were left open by this and other books on similar topics. The 350 problems presented here are accompanied by answers which now include a greater amount of detail and additional guidance for arriving at the solutions. In this way, the mathematical underpinnings of the relevant physics topics are made as easy to absorb as possible.