"3-Dimensional VLSI: A 2.5-Dimensional Integration Scheme"elaborates the concept and importance of 3-Dimensional (3-D) VLSI. The authors have developed a new 3-D IC integration paradigm, so-called 2.5-D integration, to address many problems that are hard to resolve using traditional non-monolithic integration schemes. The book also introduces major 3-D VLSI design issues that need to be solved by IC designers and Electronic Design Automation (EDA) developers. By treating 3-D integration in an integrated framework, the book provides important insights for semiconductor process engineers, IC designers, and those working in EDA R&D. Dr. Yangdong Deng is an associate professor at the Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, China. Dr. Wojciech P. Maly is the U. A. and Helen Whitaker Professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, USA.

Three-dimensional (3D) integration is identified as a possible avenue for continuous performance growth in integrated circuits (IC) as the conventional scaling approach is faced with unprecedented challenges in fundamental and economic limits. Wafer level 3D IC can take several forms, and they usually include a stack of several thinned IC layers th

Currently, the term 3D integration includes a wide variety of different integration methods, such as 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) interposer-based integration, 3D integrated circuits (3D ICs), 3D systems-in-package (SiP), 3D heterogeneous integration, and monolithic 3D ICs. The goal of this book is to provide readers with an understanding of the latest challenges and issues in 3D integration. TSVs are not the only technology element needed for 3D integration. There are numerous other key enabling technologies required for 3D integration, and the speed of the development in this emerging field is very rapid. To provide readers with state-of-the-art information on 3D integration research and technology developments, each chapter has been contributed by some of the world’s leading scientists and experts from academia, research institutes, and industry from around the globe. Covers chip/wafer level 3D integration technology, memory stacking, reconfigurable 3D, and monolithic 3D IC. Discusses the use of silicon interposer and organic interposer. Presents architecture, design, and technology implementations for 3D FPGA integration. Describes oxide bonding, Cu/SiO2 hybrid bonding, adhesive bonding, and solder bonding. Addresses the issue of thermal dissipation in 3D integration.

Three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuit (IC) stacking is the next big step in electronic system integration. It enables packing more functionality, as well as integration of heterogeneous materials, devices, and signals, in the same space (volume). This results in consumer electronics (e.g., mobile, handheld devices) which can run more powerful applications, such as full-length movies and 3D games, with longer battery life. This technology is so promising that it is expected to be a mainstream technology a few years from now, less than 10-15 years from its original conception. To achieve this type of end product, changes in the entire manufacturing and design process of electronic systems are taking place. This book provides readers with an accessible tutorial on a broad range of topics essential to the non-expert in 3D System Integration. It is an invaluable resource for anybody in need of an overview of the 3D manufacturing and design chain.

Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuit Design, Second Eition, expands the original with more than twice as much new content, adding the latest developments in circuit models, temperature considerations, power management, memory issues, and heterogeneous integration. 3-D IC experts Pavlidis, Savidis, and Friedman cover the full product development cycle throughout the book, emphasizing not only physical design, but also algorithms and system-level considerations to increase speed while conserving energy. A handy, comprehensive reference or a practical design guide, this book provides effective solutions to specific challenging problems concerning the design of three-dimensional integrated circuits. Expanded with new chapters and updates throughout based on the latest research in 3-D integration: - Manufacturing techniques for 3-D ICs with TSVs - Electrical modeling and closed-form expressions of through silicon vias - Substrate noise coupling in heterogeneous 3-D ICs - Design of 3-D ICs with inductive links - Synchronization in 3-D ICs - Variation effects on 3-D ICs - Correlation of WID variations for intra-tier buffers and wires - Offers practical guidance on designing 3-D heterogeneous systems - Provides power delivery of 3-D ICs - Demonstrates the use of 3-D ICs within heterogeneous systems that include a variety of materials, devices, processors, GPU-CPU integration, and more - Provides experimental case studies in power delivery, synchronization, and thermal characterization

In the past two decades, research in VLSI physical design has been directed toward automation of layout process. Since the cost of fabricating a circuit is a fast growing function of the circuit area, circuit layout techniques are developed with an aim to produce layouts with small areas. Other criteria of optimality such as delay and via minimization need to be taken into consideration. This book includes 14 articles that deal with various stages of the VLSI layout problem. It covers topics including partitioning, floorplanning, placement, global routing, detailed routing and layout verification. Some of the chapters are review articles, giving the state-of-the-art of the problems related to timing driven placement, global and detailed routing, and circuit partitioning. The rest of the book contains research articles, giving recent findings of new approaches to the above-mentioned problems. They are all written by leading experts in the field. This book will serve as good references for both researchers and professionals who work in this field.

3D integration is an emerging technology for the design of many-core microprocessors and memory integration. This book, Advances in 3D Integrated Circuits and Systems, is written to help readers understand 3D integrated circuits in three stages: device basics, system level management, and real designs.Contents presented in this book include fabrication techniques for 3D TSV and 2.5D TSI; device modeling; physical designs; thermal, power and I/O management; and 3D designs of sensors, I/Os, multi-core processors, and memory.Advanced undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and engineers may find this text useful for understanding the many challenges faced in the development and building of 3D integrated circuits and systems.

Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) has become a necessity rather than a specialization for electrical and computer engineers. This unique text provides Engineering and Computer Science students with a comprehensive study of the subject, covering VLSI from basic design techniques to working principles of physical design automation tools to leading edge application-specific array processors. Beginning with CMOS design, the author describes VLSI design from the viewpoint of a digital circuit engineer. He develops physical pictures for CMOS circuits and demonstrates the top-down design methodology using two design projects - a microprocessor and a field programmable gate array. The author then discusses VLSI testing and dedicates an entire chapter to the working principles, strengths, and weaknesses of ubiquitous physical design tools. Finally, he unveils the frontiers of VLSI. He emphasizes its use as a tool to develop innovative algorithms and architecture to solve previously intractable problems. VLSI Design answers not only the question of "what is VLSI," but also shows how to use VLSI. It provides graduate and upper level undergraduate students with a complete and congregated view of VLSI engineering.

Whereas two-dimensional semiconductor process simulation has achieved a certain degree of maturity, three-dimensional process simulation is a newly emerging field in which most efforts are dedicated to necessary basic developments. Research in this area is promoted by the growing demand to obtain reliable information on device geometries and dopant distributions needed for three-dimensional device simulation, and challenged by the great algorithmic problems caused by moving interfaces and by the requirement to limit computation times and memory requirements. A workshop (Erlangen, September 5, 1995) provided a forum to discuss the industrial needs, technical problems, and solutions being developed in the field of three-dimensional semiconductor process simulation. Invited presentations from leading semiconductor companies and research Centers of Excellence from Japan, the USA, and Europe outlined novel numerical algorithms, physical models, and applications in this rapidly emerging field.

Physical Design for 3D Integrated Circuits reveals how to effectively and optimally design 3D integrated circuits (ICs). It also analyzes the design tools for 3D circuits while exploiting the benefits of 3D technology. The book begins by offering an overview of physical design challenges with respect to conventional 2D circuits, and then each chapter delivers an in-depth look at a specific physical design topic. This comprehensive reference: Contains extensive coverage of the physical design of 2.5D/3D ICs and monolithic 3D ICs Supplies state-of-the-art solutions for challenges unique to 3D circuit design Features contributions from renowned experts in their respective fields Physical Design for 3D Integrated Circuits provides a single, convenient source of cutting-edge information for those pursuing 2.5D/3D technology.