21st Century Challenges in Antimicrobial Therapy and Stewardship addresses selected topics that are of importance in the practice of infectious disease management. The text starts by illustrating the global landscape of antimicrobial drug resistance, which influences antimicrobial use and therapeutic decisions in the clinic. The contributors explain the reasons for the spread of antibiotic resistance, the pharmacology of antibiotics of different classes, innovative drug delivery methods which can improve the efficacy and safety of new drug candidates and achieve targeted drug delivery as well as drug resistance monitoring techniques and issues in the practice of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control.Key Features: - 14 organized chapters on several aspects of antimicrobial therapy and stewardship- Introductory knowledge on global antimicrobial trends- Coverage of molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in gram positive, gram negative and fungal microbes- Focused coverage on new developments in antimicrobial drug development, drug delivery, formulation and diagnostic tools- Information on unmet needs of patients and clinicians, including the treatment of difficult infections- Comprehensive coverage of issues in antimicrobial stewardship21st Century Challenges in Antimicrobial Therapy and Stewardship brings to readers - healthcare administrators, educators, pharmacists, clinicians and students, alike - the knowledge of the molecular basis of antimicrobial drug therapy, drug resistance in pathogens and current practices in antimicrobial stewardship programs. This knowledge, in turn, fosters an awareness among healthcare industry participants to collaborate in an interprofessional environment to combat multidrug resistanc

21st Century Challenges in Antimicrobial Therapy and Stewardship addresses selected topics that are of importance in the practice of infectious disease management. The text starts by illustrating the global landscape of antimicrobial drug resistance, which influences antimicrobial use and therapeutic decisions in the clinic. The contributors explain the reasons for the spread of antibiotic resistance, the pharmacology of antibiotics of different classes, innovative drug delivery methods which can improve the efficacy and safety of new drug candidates and achieve targeted drug delivery as well as drug resistance monitoring techniques and issues in the practice of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control. Key Features: - 14 organized chapters on several aspects of antimicrobial therapy and stewardship - Introductory knowledge on global antimicrobial trends - Coverage of molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in gram positive, gram negative and fungal microbes - Focused coverage on new developments in antimicrobial drug development, drug delivery, formulation and diagnostic tools - Information on unmet needs of patients and clinicians, including the treatment of difficult infections - Comprehensive coverage of issues in antimicrobial stewardship 21st Century Challenges in Antimicrobial Therapy and Stewardship brings to readers – healthcare administrators, educators, pharmacists, clinicians and students, alike – the knowledge of the molecular basis of antimicrobial drug therapy, drug resistance in pathogens and current practices in antimicrobial stewardship programs. This knowledge, in turn, fosters an awareness among healthcare industry participants to collaborate in an interprofessional environment to combat multidrug resistance.

Antibiotic resistance threatens the effective prevention and treatment of infections. Antimicrobial Stewardship provides a practical guide on this growing area, supported by the review of the available evidence, including example case studies.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenges the treatment of clinical infections. Despite the decline in infectious diseases mortality rates, infections are more difficult to eliminate or contain in the host, resulting in poorer outcomes to treatment, longer hospital inpatient stays, and increased mortality. Written by international experts in the field and supported by the review of the available evidence, including example case studies, Antimicrobial Stewardship provides a practical how-to guide on this growing area. Divided into three sections, the first sets the scene, looking at the key problems of antimicrobial resistance. Section two examines and identifies the key components of an antimicrobial stewardship program. Finally, the book explores specialist areas of antimicrobial stewardship ranging from antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and dynamics, to near patient testing, and infection biomarkers. Antimicrobial Stewardship will be a valuable and practical resource for infection trainees, as well as specialists from the medical, pharmacy, and nursing professions.

This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics, edited by Sara Cosgrove, MD, Pranita Tamma, MD, and Arjun Srinvasan, MD, is devoted to Infection Prevention and Stewardship. Articles in this issue include Behavior Issues in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Research Methods and Measurement Approaches for Analyzing the Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs; The Role of the Microbiology Laboratory in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Antimicrobial Stewardship in Long Term Care Facilities; Antimicrobial Stewardship in the NICU; Antimicrobial Stewardship in Immuno-compromised Populations; Antimicrobial Stewardship in Community Hospitals/Lower Resources Settings; Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Outpatient Setting; Informatics and Antimicrobial Stewardship; Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions; and Teaching and Education in Antimicrobial Stewardship.

Avoiding infection has always been expensive. Some human populations escaped tropical infections by migrating into cold climates but then had to procure fuel, warm clothing, durable housing, and crops from a short growing season. Waterborne infections were averted by owning your own well or supporting a community reservoir. Everyone got vaccines in rich countries, while people in others got them later if at all. Antimicrobial agents seemed at first to be an exception. They did not need to be delivered through a cold chain and to everyone, as vaccines did. They had to be given only to infected patients and often then as relatively cheap injectables or pills off a shelf for only a few days to get astonishing cures. Antimicrobials not only were better than most other innovations but also reached more of the world’s people sooner. The problem appeared later. After each new antimicrobial became widely used, genes expressing resistance to it began to emerge and spread through bacterial populations. Patients infected with bacteria expressing such resistance genes then failed treatment and remained infected or died. Growing resistance to antimicrobial agents began to take away more and more of the cures that the agents had brought.

This book focuses on topics ranging from the economics of drug-resistant infections and the management of antimicrobial use to new information on methods to optimize the selection, route of administration, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial therapies for common infections. In addition to offering ideas on studied programmatic approaches for judi

Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is implicated in elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as in the increased treatment costs, is considered to be one of the major global public health threats (www.who.int/drugresistance/en/) and the magnitude of the problem recently prompted a number of international and national bodies to take actions to protect the public (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/docs/road-map-amr_en.pdf: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/amr_global_action_plan/en/; http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/carb_national_strategy.pdf). Understanding the mechanisms by which bacteria successfully defend themselves against the antibiotic assault represent the main theme of this eBook published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy. The articles in the eBook update the reader on various aspects and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate the development of means to potentiate the efficacy and increase the lifespan of antibiotics while minimizing the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens.

The National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, published in 2014, sets out a plan for government work to mitigate the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Direction on the implementation of this strategy is provided in five-year national action plans, the first covering 2015 to 2020, and the second covering 2020 to 2025. Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine evaluates progress made against the national strategy. This report discusses ways to improve detection of resistant infections and estimate the risk to human health from environmental sources of resistance. In addition, the report considers the effect of agricultural practices on human and animal health and animal welfare and ways these practices could be improved, and advises on key drugs and diseases for which animal-specific test breakpoints are needed.

The Fifth Edition of Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine, the most comprehensive reference available on veterinary antimicrobial drug use, has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the rapid advancements in the field of antimicrobial therapy. Encompassing all aspects of antimicrobial drug use in animals, the book provides detailed coverage of virtually all types of antimicrobials relevant to animal health. Now with a new chapter on antimicrobial therapy in zoo animals, Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine offers a wealth of invaluable information for appropriately prescribing antimicrobial therapies and shaping public policy. Divided into four sections covering general principles of antimicrobial therapy, classes of antimicrobial agents, special considerations, and antimicrobial drug use in multiple animal species, the text is enhanced by tables, diagrams, and photos. Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine is an essential resource for anyone concerned with the appropriate use of antimicrobial drugs, including veterinary practitioners, students, public health veterinarians, and industry and research scientists.