Scaffolding is a powerful tool for learning. It enables learners to achieve deep and meaningful learning through the provision of timely and constructive support. It is used as required, just-in-time, to bridge learning gaps, advance learning objectives, and build self-confidence throughout the learning community. Closely aligned to the concept of Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), scaffolding is a key element in learning languages and other subjects across the curriculum. This publication is about scaffolding which supports learning languages, learning about languages, and learning through languages (Halliday). By providing students with these tools for learning, the teacher can step back and truly become a 'guide on the side' whilst conducting and facilitating teaching through powerful learning environments. The 101 scaffolding techniques found in this book, alongside the templates in the digital annex, provide the reader with hands-on ideas and examples to develop innovative, exciting and empowered learning.

The bestselling Scaffolding Language, Scaffolding Learning helped tens of thousands of mainstream elementary teachers ensure that their English language learners became full members of the school community with the language and content skills they needed for success. In the highly anticipated Second Edition, Pauline Gibbons updates her classic text with a multitude of practical ideas for the classroom, supported by the latest research in the field of ELL/ESL. With clear directions and classroom tested strategies for supporting students' academic progress, Gibbons shows how the teaching of language can be integrated seamlessly with the teaching of content, and how academic achievement can be boosted without sacrificing our own vision of education to the dictates of knee-jerk accountability. Rich examples of classroom discourse illustrate exactly how the scaffolding process works, while activities to facilitate conversation and higher-level thinking put the latest research on second language learning into action.

Modern societies tend to demand innovative learning modalities in which foreign languages are used to teach content subjects from very early educational stages. Education authorities in different geographical areas of the world are currently working to determine how bilingual teaching should be developed depending, along with many other factors, on the initial training of bilingual education teachers. On this basis, it is necessary to review how tertiary education institutions deal with the theoretical foundations and practical approaches necessary for this learning modality to train bilingual education teachers for primary schools. The Handbook of Research on Training Teachers for Bilingual Education in Primary Schools includes international experiences of teacher training for bilingual education in primary schools in which educators should be able to recognize themselves and identify concrete working formulas to apply in their daily work. Covering key topics such as teacher training, language learning, and primary education, this reference work is ideal for administrators, teacher trainers, policymakers, researchers, scholars, practitioners, academicians, instructors, and students.

The volume covers a range of topics related to American education from a Hispanic point of view. Legislative intervention in the teaching of social studies in Florida, critical race theory in education, strengths and weaknesses of the decentralized American education system, and the higher education of Hispanics in the United States, are some of the topics explored. The volume concludes with a critical interpretation of the shortage of teachers in the State of Florida at a time of great socioeconomic and political polarization in the United States of America, as a representative case of the central debates in education of the second decade of the twenty-first century.

Authentic practice for promoting equitable learning environments for all students

Language in academic settings, also referred to academic language, has gained attention in the field of second language learning owing to new understandings of the complexities of language inherent in learning academic content, and new efforts to assess English learners’ language proficiency in the context of school learning. The concept of academic language as distinct from social language has been in the academic literature since the mid-1950s, and surfaced as a major construct in the field of bilingual education in the 1980s. Many readers will be familiar with the ideas of BICS and CALP, first introduced by Jim Cummins in the 1980s. This book presents a critique of academic language as a separable construct from social language, and introduces current research efforts to understand how English learners interact, interpret, and show understanding of language in academic contexts in ways that re-think and go beyond the distinction between social and academic language. The book is organized into three main sections, each with a range of chapters that consider how academic language plays into how children and youth learn academic content as emergent bilingual students in school settings. A Foreward and Afterward offer commentary on the book and its contents. The intended audience for this book is graduate students, teacher educators, and researchers interested in issues of language and content learning for English learners, the new mainstream of schools across the nation. There is something for a wide range of readers and students of second language acquisition in this volume.

Tsui and Macaro's volume addresses a central issue in English Medium Instruction (EMI) and draws on research and practice from both content teachers and language specialists. It covers a range of academic disciplines and contains contributions by internationally recognized researchers and practitioners in EMI, as well as covering both the theoretical orientations and pedagogical practices of EMI. The chapters provide an in-depth account of how language needs to be integrated into the various academic subjects being taught through the medium of English in higher education in non-anglophone countries. Its contributors are either second language specialists or teachers directly responsible for teaching in the different disciplines. The book calls for much greater collaboration between these actors and for a sense of shared responsibility for ensuring that English Medium Instruction, a phenomenon that is now established worldwide, is successful for all students. It will be of interest to students, researchers and teachers of English Medium Instruction in both secondary and higher education.

Teaching World Languages for Specific Purposes provides learner-centered strategies, models, and resources for the development of WLSP curricula. This guide bridges theory and practice, inviting scholars, educators, and professionals of all areas of world language specialization to create new opportunities for their students.

Building on Michael Graves's bestseller, The Vocabulary Book, this new resource offers a comprehensive plan for vocabulary instruction that K–12 teachers can use with English language learners. It is broad enough to include instruction for students who are just beginning to build their English vocabularies, as well as for students whose English vocabularies are approaching those of native speakers. The authors describe a four-pronged program that follows these key components: providing rich and varied language experiences; teaching individual words; teaching word learning strategies; and fostering word consciousness. This user-friendly book integrates up-to-date research on best practices into each chapter and includes vignettes, classroom activities, sample lessons, a list of children's literature, and more.