An examination of civil aviation history from the end of World War I to the retiring of the Jumbo Jet. The book examines a century of civil aviation; in 1919 a fledgling industry was born out of civilianizing First World War bombers. The book covers the design and development of civil aircraft and all the personalities that shaped the industry; it features the hay-day of air travel before the advent of mass passenger transit, and the rise of smaller, austerity airlines. It covers the influence of military aircraft on civil planes, unpacks the laws that govern civil aviation and how they have changed over the past century. It chronicles air disasters, both mechanical and tyrannical, and for the first time, looks at the role of women in civil aviation. Playing its part in times of crisis, civil aviation has led rescue missions and covert operations; civilian pilots were often used to test and transport new aircraft from their manufacturers to the frontline, often unarmed and unescorted. The book ends with the quiet retirement of an icon, amid a global pandemic and what lies in store for a greener flying future.

In this precise, interpretive and informative volume, Higham looks at everything from the roots of strategic bombing and tactical air power to the lessons learned and unlearned during the invasion of Ethiopia, the war in China and the Spanish Civil War. He also considers the problems posed by jet aircraft in Korea and the use of Patriot missiles in the Persian Gulf. He covers anti-guerrilla operations, doctrine, industrial activities and equipment, as well as the development of commercial airlines.

Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of the structure, competence, and management of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) provides substantial and readily accessible information for lawyers, academics, and policymakers likely to have dealings with its activities and data. No other book gives such a clear, uncomplicated description of the organization’s role, its rules and how they are applied, its place in the framework of international law, or its relations with other organizations. The monograph proceeds logically from the organization’s genesis and historical development to the structure of its membership, its various organs and their mandates, its role in intergovernmental cooperation, and its interaction with decisions taken at the national level. Its competence, its financial management, and the nature and applicability of its data and publications are fully described. Systematic in presentation, this valuable time-saving resource offers the quickest, easiest way to acquire a sound understanding of the workings of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for all interested parties. Students and teachers of international law will find it especially valuable as an essential component of the rapidly growing and changing global legal milieu.

Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of the structure, competence, and management of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) provides substantial and readily accessible information for lawyers, academics, and policymakers likely to have dealings with its activities and data. No other book gives such a clear, uncomplicated description of the organization’s role, its rules and how they are applied, its place in the framework of international law, or its relations with other organizations. The monograph proceeds logically from the organization’s genesis and historical development to the structure of its membership, its various organs and their mandates, its role in intergovernmental cooperation, and its interaction with decisions taken at the national level. Its competence, its financial management, and the nature and applicability of its data and publications are fully described. Systematic in presentation, this valuable time-saving resource offers the quickest, easiest way to acquire a sound understanding of the workings of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for all interested parties. Students and teachers of international law will find it especially valuable as an essential component of the rapidly growing and changing global legal milieu.

Describes various aircrafts, from enormous planes that carry hundreds of passengers to personal planes.

Money, particularly coins, has been one of the most significant inventions in human society. It is a marvel developed through centuries of experimentation and innovation. Since its introduction, money has continually evolved, serving as both, a medium of exchange in daily life and a store of wealth for the future. Among the earliest forms of money were coins, valued for their intrinsic material content, such as gold, silver, iron, and copper. Coins have played a vital role in human civilization, and over time, Indian coins have undergone numerous design transformations. Many people are often surprised when they come across older coins, which reflect the rich history and cultural heritage of India. Motivated by this fascination, I decided to collect various Indian coins, arrange them chronologically, and present them in this book. It will be helpful for this generation and the coming generations to know the journey of Indian Coins from 1947-2024. It is the need of the hour, as our monetary system is on the way to digitalisation. It is possible that in few years, coins can only be seen in museums as relics of the past. This book serves as a guiding light, illuminating the glorious journey of Indian coins for all to see and appreciate.

Civil Aircraft Electrical Power System Safety Assessment: Issues and Practices provides guidelines and methods for conducting a safety assessment process on civil airborne systems and equipment. As civil aircraft electrical systems become more complicated, electrical wiring failures have become a huge concern in industry and government—especially on aging platforms. There have been several accidents (most recently battery problems on the Boeing 777) with some of these having a relationship to wiring and power generation. Featuring a case study on the continuous safety assessment process of the civil airborne electrical power system, this book addresses problems, issues and troubleshooting techniques such as single event effects (SEE), the failure effects of electrical wiring interconnection systems (EWIS), formal theories and safety analysis methods in civil aircrafts. - Introduces how to conduct assignment of development assurance levels for the electrical power system - Includes safety assessments of aging platforms and their respective Electrical Wiring Interconnection System (EWIS) - Features material on failure mechanisms for wiring systems and discussion of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) sustainment

This book offers an extraordinary wealth of information, from the ground up, of the law governing and regulating air transport today, with a strong emphasis on international aviation. A team of distinguished authors in the field of aviation law provide a cogent synthesis from which sound legal opinions and strategies of legal action may be confidently built. Among the many topics here in depth are the following: definition and classification of airspace; distinction between civil and state aircraft; air navigation and air traffic control services; airport charges and overflight charges; structure of ICAO; standard-setting functions and audit functions of ICAO; functions of the International Air Transport Association (IATA); policy and effects of deregulation and liberalization of air transport policy; the International Registry for Aircraft Equipment; air carrier liability regimes and claims procedure; measures to combat aviation terrorism, air piracy and sabotage; and the Open Skies Agreements. This publication cites significant legislation and court rulings, including from the United States and the European Union, where far-reaching measures on market access, competition and passenger rights have set trends for other regions of the world. The special case of Latin America has a chapter to itself. At a time when commercial aircraft have been used as lethal weapons for the first time, aviation law finds itself in the front line of responsibility for maintaining global aviation security.

This book indicates the shortcomings of the current international legal system and customary international norms that govern international aviation law to comply with contemporary air transport market realities. As the air transport market develops globally, the safety regime of civil aviation should also be governed and applied globally. In this book, the author departs from current international legal norms to examine the emerging legal field of global administrative law. Through that lens, the possibility of reconstructing the set of legal mechanisms that govern domestic and international administrative interaction in the global field of aviation safety is explored. This book demonstrates that a legal system is never complete but always develops in tandem with changing needs, i.e. the participation of the affected parties. Exploring the principles of GAL theory contributes to addressing the contemporary legal issues relating to state compliance with international aviation safety standards that would otherwise not be covered by customary international law. In particular, the principles of GAL theory regarding global governance and the ‘public’ character of global regulations, the role of individuals and states in global governance, and state sovereignty are considered valuable contributions to contemporary global aviation safety issues in practice. It is asserted in this book that proper checks and balances in global aviation safety can be improved by making these accessible to individuals by way of national courts. Finally, establishing public awareness of global aviation safety standards will eventually create greater pressure on states to implement and enforce them. This book is in an area increasing academic and research interest of practitioners of public international aviation law, global administrative law, global governance, and global aviation safety, global air transport market regulations.

The impact to airlines from airspace closure can be as benign as a two minute extension on an arrival pattern, or as catastrophic as a shoot down from a surface-to-air missile, as the tragic loss of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 over the Ukraine in July 2014 demonstrates. Airspace constraints come in a variety of forms, both man-made and physical, but all result in operational inefficiencies that erode the economic vitality of an airline. Understanding the root causes of these airspace restrictions, developing strategies for mitigating their impact, and anticipating future airspace closures, are critical for the efficient and safe operation of any airline. This book uniquely examines the technological, geographic, regulatory, and political aspects of airspace closure, with a focus on how airlines continue to adapt to overcome these challenges, providing readers with a framework for identifying issues and solutions in a systematic manner. Filled with historical references and contemporary anecdotes, this book serves both as a practical guide and strategic resource for airline managers navigating their 21st century. organizations around some of the lingering 20th century obstacles.