When lenders participate voluntarily in a buyback of debt claims, both the price paid for repurchased claims and the secondary market price of the remaining debt rise-- so all creditors realize a net benefit. In contrast, the menu approach to debt reduction allows the debtor to reduce its debt at cheaper prices.

Pricing models are developed to value the recapture clauses in the 1990 Mexican and Venezuelan debt restructuring agreements. The current values of the recapture clauses are less than one- quarter of the maximum contractually possible and decrease as the standard deviation of the oil price increases.

Suppose that each creditor bank to a particular debtor country is confronted with a choice: each dollar of country debt held can be either rescheduled or sold at a given price. What choice will they make? Relatively strong banks will take advantage of a debt workout to exit from the debt. Relatively weak banks will relend.

This volume brings together many of the leading international figures in development studies, such as Jose Antonio Ocampo, Paul Krugman, Dani Rodrik, Joseph Stiglitz, Daniel Cohen, Olivier Blanchard, Deepak Nayyar and John Williamson to reconsider and propose alternative development policies to the Washington Consensus. Covering a wide range of issues from macro-stabilization to trade and the future of global governance, this important volume makes a real contribution to this important and ongoing debate. The volume begins by introducing the Washington Consensus, discussing how it was originally formulated, what it left out, and how it was later interpreted, and sets the stage for a formulation of a new development framework in the post-Washington Consensus era. It then goes on to analyze and offer differing perspectives and potential solutions to a number of key development issues, some which were addressed by the Washington Consensus and others which were not. The volume concludes by looking toward formulating new policy frameworks and offers possible reforms to the current system of global governance.

This paper offers proposals to make support services more effective through outside assistance. Especially recommended are packages of assistance and promotion built around grant funds that pay firms half the cost of commercial service suppliers, such as consultants, and/or half of their initial marketing expenses.

Handbook of International Economics

Making it difficult for a (recruiting) firm to know how much a worker has been trained increases a (training) firm's incentive to offer workers general training. Both minimum wage legislation and training certification discourage on- the- job- training.