Published in the year 1982, Visual Form Detection in Three-dimensional Space is a valuable contribution to the field of Cognitive Psychology.

This dissertation, "Unified Percepts in Three-dimensional Space Derived From Motion in Depth or Rotation in Depth" by Chak-pui, Terence, Lee, 李澤沛, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: ABSTRACT A long-standing challenge to understanding the human visual system is to reconcile our unified visual experience of a three-dimensional (3D) world with findings suggesting that the visual system operates, at least partially, as a modular system. This dissertation is composed of studies that investigate how systematic changes in retinal image structure, and changes in binocular disparity arising from either motion in depth or rotation in depth, are used to derive a number of perceptual judgments in 3D space. The assumption that looming and stereomotion mechanisms operate in tandem, and feed into an early joint motion-in-depth mechanism, is challenged by the findings of Chapter 3. Using the flash-lag paradigm, it was found that stereomotion, but not looming, induces an apparent displacement in the position in depth of a flashed object, and the effect is speed dependent. This finding suggests that, in terms of the encoding of metric depth, the two mechanisms produce qualitatively different results. Moreover, the flash-lag-in-depth phenomenon is accompanied by a novel size effect, which appears to contradict the geometrical predictions typically used to account for size illusions associated with depth perception, and serves as an evidence of top-down processing in deriving congruent estimates of image size and position in depth. Assuming that different mechanisms underlie the computations of 2D motion and motion in the depth, their outputs must be combined at some stage, given that objects in the 3D world often traverse frontoparallel and median planes simultaneously. Findings of how 2D motion affects the apparent speed of motion in depth are reported in Chapter 4. Dots defining a frontoparallel square conducted random walks on its surface, while the square itself moved towards the observer. It was found that apparent speed in depth increases as a function of the speed of random 2D motion. Additionally, the visual system appears to combine motion signals in the twoplanes by vector summation when motion in depth is defined by stereomotion, whereas averaging is implemented when motion in depth is defined by looming. The detection of 3D structure often requires the integration of local motion signals traversing 3D space. An investigation of this process, using cylinders with an apparently identical 3D shape, is reported in Chapter 5. A cooperative integration of disparity and structure from motion was found: compared to bi-rotation in depth, a unified direction of rotation in depth improves detection performance, which can be explained by the functional properties of MT neurons. While the apparent 3D shape of cylinders remains constant for a range of dot densities, sensitivity to the existence of cylinders embedded in random noise increases as a function of dot density, which implies a gradation in 3D-structure interpolation. To examine the effect of apparent orientation in 3D space imposed on the bi-stable appearance of rotation in depth, in Chapter 6 the detection of spontaneous and physical reversals in the direction of motion were compared for cylinders and Necker cubes defined by structure from motion. The frequency of spontaneous reversals occurring with the Necker cube is far lower than with the cylinder and with Necker cubes defined by outlines. Furthermore, physical reversals that occurred with the Necker cube are much more detectable than with the cyli

Published in the year 1982, Visual Form Detection in Three-dimensional Space is a valuable contribution to the field of Cognitive Psychology.

Thoroughly revised for its Third Edition, "Foundations of Osteopathic Medicine" is the most comprehensive, current osteopathic text. This edition features expanded coverage of international practice and includes a new chapter on the structure of the profession.

This book revolutionizes how vision can be taught to undergraduate and graduate students in cognitive science, psychology, and optometry. It is the first comprehensive textbook on vision to reflect the integrated computational approach of modern research scientists. This new interdisciplinary approach, called "vision science," integrates psychological, computational, and neuroscientific perspectives. The book covers all major topics related to vision, from early neural processing of image structure in the retina to high-level visual attention, memory, imagery, and awareness. The presentation throughout is theoretically sophisticated yet requires minimal knowledge of mathematics. There is also an extensive glossary, as well as appendices on psychophysical methods, connectionist modeling, and color technology. The book will serve not only as a comprehensive textbook on vision, but also as a valuable reference for researchers in cognitive science, psychology, neuroscience, computer science, optometry, and philosophy.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Scale Space Methods and Variational Methods in Computer Vision, SSVM 2007, emanated from the joint edition of the 4th International Workshop on Variational, Geometric and Level Set Methods in Computer Vision, VLSM 2007 and the 6th International Conference on Scale Space and PDE Methods in Computer Vision, Scale-Space 2007, held in Ischia Italy, May/June 2007.

Designed for students, scientists and engineers interested in learning about the core ideas of vision science, this volume brings together the broad range of data and theory accumulated in this field.

Handbook of Perception, Volume VIII: Perceptual Coding covers perceptual coding of space, time, and objects, including sensory memory systems and the relations between verbal and perceptual codes. This volume contains contributions that focus on such subjects as the compound eye; the problems of the perceptual constancies and of intersensory coordination in perceptual development; the visual perception of objects in space; and perception of motion. Topics on the perception of color, the representation of temporal, auditory, and haptic perception; and the relationship between verbal and perceptual codes are discussed in detail as well. This book will be of use to psychologists, biologists, and those interested in the study of perceptual codes.