Written by a leading researcher in the field, Transporters in Drug Discovery and Development provides a comprehensive and practical guide to drug transporter families that are the most important for drug discovery and development. It covers: an overview of transporter families and organ distribution; clinical relevant drug-drug interaction; clinical relevant polymorphism; drug transporter related pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics and toxicity; in vitro/in vivo probes of drug transport studies; the practical methodologies of industrial transporter screening and translational aspect in drug discovery and developments. - A comprehensive overview of drug transporter families and their clinical relevance in drug discovery and development - Balanced coverage of molecular biology aspects and functional outcomes - State of art knowledge related to transporter-mediated DDI and the clinical relevance in pharmacokinetics, dynamics, and toxicity

As opposed to other books on the topic, this volume is unique in also covering emerging transporter targets. Following a general introduction to the importance of targeting transporter proteins with drugs, the book systematically presents individual transporter classes and explains their pharmacology and physiology. The text covers all transporter families with known or suspected importance as drug targets, including neurotransmitter transporters, ABC transporters, glucose transporters and organic ion transporters. The final part discusses recent advances in structural studies of transport proteins, assay methods for transport activity, and the systems biology of transporters and their regulation. With its focus on drug development issues, this authoritative overview is required reading for researchers in industry and academia targeting transport proteins for the treatment of disease.

This new edition overviews drug transporters and presents the principles of drug transport and associated techniques, featuring new chapters on multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins, placental transport, in silico approaches in drug discovery, and regulatory guidance for drug transport studies in drug development. • Describes drug transporter families, mechanisms, and clinical implications along with experimental methods for studying and characterizing drug transporters • Includes new chapters on multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins, placental transport and in silico approaches in drug discovery • Has a new chapter covering regulatory guidance for the evaluation of drug transport in drug development with global criteria used for drug transporters in clinical trials • Arranges material to go from fundamental mechanisms to clinical outcomes, making the book useful for novice and expert readers

It is increasingly recognized that various transporter proteins are expressed throughout the body and determine absorption, tissue distribution, biliary and renal elimination of endogenous compounds and drugs and drug effects. This book will give an overview on the transporter families which are most important for drug therapy. Most chapters will focus on one transporter family highlighting tissue expression, substrates, inhibitors, knock-out mouse models and clinical studies.

Transporters and channels are membrane proteins that mediate the traffic of metabolites, water and ions across biological membranes. Membrane transport proteins are crucial to maintain homeostasis and assure cell survival upon intracellular or environmental stress. A failure of any of these transport systems may have dramatic consequences for cell function. There is increasing evidence that membrane transport proteins play important functions in healthy conditions and that their absence or dysfunction may cause diseases. In recent years much attention has been paid to diseases resulting from defective transporters (“carrier diseases”) and ion channels (“channelopathies”). Very interestingly, altered expression of transporters has been described in several human pathologies. On this basis, many transport proteins are well acknowledged targets for drugs. Many others are involved in drug delivery and disposition and/or are considered potential targets. Others are off-targets for drugs and then, are responsible for side effects. Thus, membrane protein drug discovery is now an emerging field where the search for physiological mechanisms of regulation and for chemical compounds as modulators of transport activity, present new opportunities for drug development and for new therapies. This Research Topic addresses the latest research advances in membrane transport proteins, stimulating future research on these important protein families.

Ocular transporters and receptors contains detailed descriptions of major transporters and receptors expressed in the eye, with special emphasis on their role in drug delivery. The complex anatomy and the existence of multiple barriers in the eye pose a considerable challenge to successful drug delivery to the eye. Hence ocular transporters and receptors are important targets for drug delivery. A significant advancement has been made in the field of ocular transport research and their role in drug delivery. In this book the cutting edge research being carried out in this field is compiled and summarized. The book focuses on key areas, including the anatomy and physiology of the eye, biology of ocular transporters and receptors, techniques in characterization of transporters and receptors, transporters and receptors in the anterior and posterior segment in the eye, the role of ocular transporters and receptors in drug delivery, and transporter-metabolism interplay in the eye. - Highly focused on ocular transporters - Most up-to-date research compilation - Detailed description of role of transporters and receptors in ocular drug discovery and delivery

Drug metabolism and transport are very important facets within the discipline of pharmaceutical sciences, with enzyme kinetic concepts utilized regularly in characterizing and modeling the disposition and elimination of drugs. Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications focuses on very practical aspects of applying kinetic principles to drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Divided into five convenient sections, topics include the fundamental principles of enzyme kinetics, the kinetics of oxidative and conjugative drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, modeling approaches for both drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters including novel systems biology approaches, understanding of variability both experimental and interindividual (pharmacogenomic), and case studies that provide real life examples of applying these principles. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics especially suitable for the novice, in some cases step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and insights to help with troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls with extensive cross referencing to assist in learning. Authoritative and easily accessible, Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications serves as a very practical teaching tool for novice, non-mathematically trained scientists interested in these fundamental concepts and as an aid for their supervisors in teaching these principles.

This book provides with a comprehensive overview of the role of drug transporters in drug disposition and efficacy/toxicity, as well as drug-drug interactions and recent advances in the field. Transporters are known determinants of drug disposition and efficacy/toxicity. In general, they are divided into solute carrier (SLC) and ATP binding cassette (ABC) families, and are located along cell membranes, where they mediate drug uptake into cells and export out of cells. Drug transporters are essential in maintaining cell homeostasis, and their gene mutations may cause or contribute to severe human genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, neurological disease, retinal degeneration, anemia, and cholesterol and bile transport defects. Conversely, some diseases may also alter transporter functions and expressions, in turn aggravating disease process. Further, since over-expression of some ABC transporters is a potential contributor to multidrug-resistance (MDR), the book presents a number of strategies to overcome MDR, including ABC transporter inhibitors and applying epigenetic methods to modulate transporter expressions and functions. This book is useful for graduate students and professionals who are looking to refresh or expand their knowledge of this exciting field.

This concise volume describes the latest, up-to-date theory, methodology, and applications of ABC transporters in microorganisms. The topics include the structure, physiology, and evolution of ABC transporters, as well as their special characteristics in specific microorganisms, including bacteria, yeast, trypanosomes, and malaria parasites. In particular, the book describes the most recent research and innovations relative to the role of ABC transporters in the design of strategies to circumvent drug resistance in microorganisms. Each chapter comprises an exhaustive review of the particular topic and provides insights into the future of the field, both from the scientific and clinical perspective. A skillful selection of topics and a panel of acknowledged experts ensure that this concise volume will be of exceptional importance to everyone involved in DNA superfamily research, as well as scientists interested in microbial physiology and multidrug resistance. It is essential reading for anyone involved in this field, and it is a recommended volume for all microbiology laboratories.

TRANSPORTERS AND DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES IN DRUG TOXICITY Explore up-to-date coverage on the interaction between drug metabolism enzymes, transporters, and drug toxicity with this leading resources Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity delivers a comprehensive and updated review of the relationship between drug metabolism, transporters, and toxicity, providing insights into a major challenge in drug development – accurate assessment of human drug toxicity. Combining two disciplines frequently considered independently of one another, the book combines drug metabolism and toxicology with a focus on the role of biotransformation on drug toxicity and as a major factor for species and individual differences. Mechanism and species differences in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters are discussed, as are the methods used to investigate the role of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters in drug toxicity. Finally, the distinguished authors describe promising new experimental approaches to accurately assessing human drug toxicity via the consideration of human-specific drug metabolism in toxicity assays. In addition to topics as diverse as extended clearance models, experimental approaches for the estimation of DILI potential of drug candidates and roles of transporters in renal drug toxicity, readers will also enjoy the inclusion of such subjects as: A thorough overview of and introduction to drug metabolism and transporters and drug toxicity An exploration of drug metabolism enzymes and transporter activities as risk factors of marketed drugs associated with drug-induced fatalities A discussion of human-based in vitro experimental models for the evaluation of metabolism-dependent drug toxicity A treatment of mechanism-based experimental models for the evaluation of BSEP inhibition and DILI An examination of transporters and cochlea toxicity Perfect for scientists, students, and practitioners with interests in metabolism, toxicology, and drug development in the pharmaceutical industry, Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity will also earn a place in the libraries of medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, toxicologists, and regulators in the pharmaceutical and health industries.