Working paper on small scale industry in Jamaica partic. Managers characteristics and constraints, vocational training, size of enterprise, and financial aspects such as capital, source of credit and financial market - includes recommendations, bibliography, statistical tables.

The increasing numbers of college and university graduates from Africa’s tertiary institutions and the declining prospects for jobs in the public and private sector have reinforced the importance of creating avenues for self-employment. But job creation exposes a serious gap in education policies, for basic skills in entrepreneurship are not taught in most tertiary curricula across the continent. This nineteen-chapter volume provides essential course text material for developing the field of entrepreneurship in tertiary institutions, thus addressing the issue of appropriate pedagogy critical for the emerging field of entrepreneurship development in higher education institutions in Africa. Drawing from Nigeria, West Africa and other parts of the developing world, the volume furnishes much needed empirical information to fashion out appropriate policies and projects within macroeconomic framework to nurture small and medium enterprises as a development tool.

India is the only developing country with an extensive set of policies designed to promote and protect small enterprises. By examining Indian small enterprise development and policy in an international context, this book provides lessons for industrial policy in developing economies. The authors draw on data from new and intensive surveys of several industries in India and other countries to elucidate the relative advantages of large and small units, especially with regard to the efficiency of labor and capital use. Concluding that modern small enterprises are not reliably more labor-intensive than larger enterprises, and often use capital and labor less efficiently, they present a plan of policy reform that advocates promotion of agriculture and industrial equality in achieving adequate demand for labor.

Invisible to official statistics and operating outside the reach of governmental regulation, informal finance markets often prove more efficient and more fair than their formal counterparts. The authors of these studies emphasize the diversity and richness of informal credit markets.

This volume of papers from the Eighth World Congress deals with changes in proportions and growth rates of sectors of the economy in relation to economic development. It includes a survey of theories of sectoral balance and studies of structural transformation in the Kuznets traditon.