The Jameson Raid was a pivotal moment in the history of South Africa, linking events from the Anglo-Boer War to the declaration of the Union of South Africa in 1910. For more than a century, the failed revolution has been interpreted through the lens of British imperialism, with responsibility laid at the feet of Cecil Rhodes. Yet, the raid was less a serious attempt to overthrow a Boer government than a wild adventure with transnational roots in American filibustering. In The Cowboy Capitalist, renowned South African historian Charles van Onselen challenges a historiography of over 120 years, locating the raid in American rather than British history and forcing us to rethink the histories of at least three nations. Through a close look at the little-remembered figure of John Hays Hammond, a confidant of both Rhodes and Jameson, he discovers the American Old West on the South African Highveld. This radical reinterpretation challenges the commonly held belief that the Jameson Raid was quintessentially British and, in doing so, drives splinters into our understanding of events as far forward as South Africa’s critical 1948 general election, with which the foundations of Grand Apartheid were laid.

"The famous poem by Rudyard Kipling is based on the life of Jameson, and the suffering he endured as a result of the doomed raid that he and his Rhodesian and Bechuanaland policemen carried out against Paul Kruger's Transvaal Republic in 1896. In this engaging biography ... Ash recounts the life of this colonial statesman known as 'Dr Jim' or simply 'The Doctor'. He was an enigmatic man: when he died The Times estimated that his astonishing personal sway over his followers was equalled only by that of Parnell, the Irish patriot. During the fervour of the South African diamond rush Jameson established a small medical practice in Kimberley in 1878; it was here that he met and forged a lifelong friendship with Cecil John Rhodes. Jameson's thirst for adventure, coupled with Rhodes's dream of expanding the British Empire from the Cape to Cairo, led - under Royal Charter to the British South Africa Company - to the occupation of Mashonaland in 1890, with Jameson having laid the groundwork in his political dealings with Lobengula, king of the Matabele. And so began Jameson's rollercoaster adventure: from Administrator of Mashonaland, to the 'invasion' of Portuguese East Africa (Mozambique), the Matabele War and the infamous 'Jameson Raid' and his subsequent trial and incarceration in London. Despite the raid, Jameson had a successful political life. He died on 26 November 1917 in London. His body was laid in a vault at Kensal Green cemetery where it remained until the end of the First World War. Ian Colvin wrote in 1923 that Jameson's body was then 'carried to Rhodesia and on the 22nd of May, 1920, laid in a grave cut in the granite on the top of the mountain which Rhodes had called 'The View of the World' (in the Matopos Hills near Bulawayo), close beside the grave of his friend.'"--Back cover.

This text brings together contributions from scholars in South African and imperial history to examine the international dimensions of the war, including a historiographical review of a century of writing on the origins of the war.

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