This book was edited by Prof. Prabhubhai K. Patel (Emeritus Professor of Architecture from IIT, Roorkee (Oldest Technical Institution of Asia) and Prof. Olu Ola Ogunsote, a renowned Professor of Architecture at the School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria. This book is written to suggest ways on how to improve architectural education and a comparative study was done between Nigeria and India. The book examines the current issues in architectural education in both countries and the way forward. Solutions to the current problems encountered by the governing architectural education authorities in both countries are carefully highlighted after a research was done. The quality of architectural education should have direct impact on the architectural product of that society. The architectural education of any nation should be a weapon for physical development. Architectural education and practice are experiencing a shift of Interdisciplinary characterized by the coordinating, articulating and dominant role of digital technologies; therefore there is a need to upgrade the curriculum in order to fit into the current technological system. According to the most influential architectural professional body in the world, Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), the education review group representing academia and practice, intends to catalyse relevant new models for architectural education to be taken forward and established by schools of architecture. This will help to push architectural education to the next level by setting a target to meet with the current societal challenges. It is an important thing for any nation to make changes to architectural education as time goes on to avoid risk of becoming irrelevant. This book is an attempt to identify the challenges in administrating and delivery of architectural education and appraise the efforts of the concerned bodies to address them.

'The Impact of School Infrastructure on Learning: A Synthesis of the Evidence provides an excellent literature review of the resources that explore the areas of focus for improved student learning, particularly the aspiration for “accessible, well-built, child-centered, synergetic and fully realized learning environments.†? Written in a style which is both clear and accessible, it is a practical reference for senior government officials and professionals involved in the planning and design of educational facilities, as well as for educators and school leaders. --Yuri Belfali, Head of Division, Early Childhood and Schools, OECD Directorate for Education and Skills This is an important and welcome addition to the surprisingly small, evidence base on the impacts of school infrastructure given the capital investment involved. It will provide policy makers, practitioners, and those who are about to commission a new build with an important and comprehensive point of reference. The emphasis on safe and healthy spaces for teaching and learning is particularly welcome. --Harry Daniels, Professor of Education, Department of Education, Oxford University, UK This report offers a useful library of recent research to support the, connection between facility quality and student outcomes. At the same time, it also points to the unmet need for research to provide verifiable and reliable information on this connection. With such evidence, decisionmakers will be better positioned to accurately balance the allocation of limited resources among the multiple competing dimensions of school policy, including the construction and maintenance of the school facility. --David Lever, K-12 Facility Planner, Former Executive Director of the Interagency Committee on School Construction, Maryland Many planners and designers are seeking a succinct body of research defining both the issues surrounding the global planning of facilities as well as the educational outcomes based on the quality of the space provided. The authors have finally brought that body of evidence together in this well-structured report. The case for better educational facilities is clearly defined and resources are succinctly identified to stimulate the dialogue to come. We should all join this conversation to further the process of globally enhancing learning-environment quality! --David Schrader, AIA, Educational Facility Planner and Designer, Former Chairman of the Board of Directors, Association for Learning Environments (A4LE)

Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.

This well illustrated text forms a critical appraisal of the place and direction of architecture and urban design in a new world order at the start of the 21st century. The book defines architectural and environmental goals for the New Age by analysing recent contemporary work for its responsiveness to important social and environmental issues and comparing it to successful precedents in architecture. It argues that this new sustainable approach to architecture should be recognised as a new development of mainstream architectural history. This practical guide illustrates current social and natural resource issues to aid architects in their approach to future design. Environmental economics is presented as a potential bridge over the divide between the expectations of the business sector and the concerns of environmental lobbies. Through examples and case studies, an accessible analysis of carefully researched data, drawn from primary sources over four continents, allows the author to outline the current urgency for architects and urban designers to respond with real commitment to current and future changing contexts. This book expresses a holistic vision and proposes a value system in response to the diagnosis. It includes: sound architectural and environmental ethics; end user involvement in the design process and technological advances aimed at sustainable resource use. Includes international case studies from Europe, North America, the Developing world including South Africa, South America and Central Asia.