The world almost conquered famine. Until the 1980s, this scourge killed ten million people every decade, but by early 2000s mass starvation had all but disappeared. Today, famines are resurgent, driven by war, blockade, hostility to humanitarian principles and a volatile global economy. In Mass Starvation, world-renowned expert on humanitarian crisis and response Alex de Waal provides an authoritative history of modern famines: their causes, dimensions and why they ended. He analyses starvation as a crime, and breaks new ground in examining forced starvation as an instrument of genocide and war. Refuting the enduring but erroneous view that attributes famine to overpopulation and natural disaster, he shows how political decision or political failing is an essential element in every famine, while the spread of democracy and human rights, and the ending of wars, were major factors in the near-ending of this devastating phenomenon. Hard-hitting and deeply informed, Mass Starvation explains why man-made famine and the political decisions that could end it for good must once again become a top priority for the international community.

God the Father, Jesus Christ (God the Son), and the Holy Spirit make up the Godhead who have been in existence since eternity past. They constitute the Divine Trinity, consisting of three distinct persons working in unity. They then created the heavens and the earth (out of nothing) in the dateless past. Among their creations were angels and pre-Adam beings. One of the chief angels created by God was called Lucifer. He was an anointed cherub, full of wisdom and perfect in beauty. He was made ruler of the earth and was perfect in his walk until iniquity was found in him. He became proud, exalted himself, and wanted to be like the Most High (God). This iniquity that originated from his heart led him to rebel against God, making him the originator of sin. He then slandered God, causing numerous angels and the pre-Adam beings of the earth to join him in the rebellion against God. He and the rebellious angels were thrown out of heaven by God, and he lost his position as ruler of the earth, which had been destroyed as a result of the rebellion. Lucifer became Satan (adversary) or the devil. God recreated the heavens and the earth (universe) and formed man to rule over all the earth. The universe formed by God was again perfect. Since Satan's rebellion, his main goal has been to incite all beings to join him in rebelling against God. To achieve such objective, he uses various strategies, tactics, and methods to cause man to join him in rebelling against God. The strategies, tactics, and methods that Satan uses to deceive human beings are largely similar. It is, therefore, important for us to understand them so that we can effectively resist him. That has been the focus of this book. Beginning with the causes of Lucifer's sin, we have examined his strategies and tactics as he has applied them on some selected persons in the course of history. These include his encounters with Adam and Eve, Job, Jesus Christ, and Paul the apostle. The aim of this approach has been to identify Satan's strategies, tactics, and methods which he employs as his tools of warfare against human beings. Such knowledge will help us resist him.

Tactics and Strategies for the Famine discusses global issues, particularly national and global economics and the worldwide recession, from a biblical perspective, and from that point they remain real, current, and relevant, but not devoid of hope. This book allows readers to see things from a different angle and lets them know that hope, change, and viable solutions are within reach. This book contains simple language to explain the otherwise daunting topics while providing scriptural references.

Hunger and Starvation in Kalahandi: An Anthropological Study argues that starvation despite adequate food resources is a recurring phenomenon. The book focuses on the afflicted, the influence of various factors. It covers a critique of the conventional disaster approach to famine, alternate theoretical framework of famine as a process of gradual socio-economic and biological decline, state-society dynamics involved in the failure of the government to acknowledge the prevalence of persistent starvation in Kalahandi, and, failure to ameliorate the situation.

Famine is an age-old scourge that almost disappeared in our lifetime. Between 2000 and 2011 there were no famines and deaths in humanitarian emergencies were much reduced. The humanitarian agenda was ascendant. Then, in 2017, the United Nations identified four situations that threatened famine or breached that threshold in north-eastern Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, and Yemen. Today, this list is longer. Each of these famines is the result of military actions and exclusionary, authoritarian politics conducted without regard to the wellbeing or even the survival of people. Violations of international law including blockading ports, attacks on health facilities, violence against humanitarian workers, and obstruction of relief aid are carried out with renewed impunity. Yet there is an array of legal offenses, ranging from war crimes and crimes against humanity to genocide, available to a prosecutor to hold individuals to account for the deliberate starvation of civilians. However, there has been a dearth of investigations and accountability for those violating international law. The reasons for this neglect and the gaps between the black-letter law and practice are explored in this timely volume. It provides a comprehensive overview of the key themes and cases required to catalyze a new approach to understanding the law as it relates to starvation. It also illustrates the complications of historical and ongoing situations where starvation is used as a weapon of war, and provides expert analysis on defining starvation, early warning systems, gender and mass starvation, the use of sanctions, journalistic reporting, and memorialization of famine.

Who is responsible for the failures? African generals and politicians are the prime culprits for creating famines in Sudan, Somalia and Zaire, but western donors abet their authoritarianism, partly through imposing structural adjustment programmes.