Social Empiricism
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Author |
: Miriam Solomon |
Publisher |
: MIT Press |
Total Pages |
: 198 |
Release |
: 2007-01-26 |
ISBN-10 |
: 0262264641 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9780262264648 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (41 Downloads) |
Synopsis Social Empiricism by : Miriam Solomon
For the last forty years, two claims have been at the core of disputes about scientific change: that scientists reason rationally and that science is progressive. For most of this time discussions were polarized between philosophers, who defended traditional Enlightenment ideas about rationality and progress, and sociologists, who espoused relativism and constructivism. Recently, creative new ideas going beyond the polarized positions have come from the history of science, feminist criticism of science, psychology of science, and anthropology of science. Addressing the traditional arguments as well as building on these new ideas, Miriam Solomon constructs a new epistemology of science. After discussions of the nature of empirical success and its relation to truth, Solomon offers a new, social account of scientific rationality. She shows that the pursuit of empirical success and truth can be consistent with both dissent and consensus, and that the distinction between dissent and consensus is of little epistemic significance. In building this social epistemology of science, she shows that scientific communities are not merely the locus of distributed expert knowledge and a resource for criticism but also the site of distributed decision making. Throughout, she illustrates her ideas with case studies from late-nineteenth- and twentieth-century physical and life sciences. Replacing the traditional focus on methods and heuristics to be applied by individual scientists, Solomon emphasizes science funding, administration, and policy. One of her goals is to have a positive influence on scientific decision making through practical social recommendations.
Author |
: M. Neurath |
Publisher |
: Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages |
: 490 |
Release |
: 2012-12-06 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9789401025256 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9401025258 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (56 Downloads) |
Synopsis Empiricism and Sociology by : M. Neurath
On the last day of his life, Otto Neurath had given help to a Chinese philosopher who was writing about Schlick. Only an hour before his death he said to me: "Nobody will do such a thing for me." My answer then was: "Never mind, you have Bilston, isn't that better?" There were con sultations in new housing schemes, an exhibition, and hopes for a fruitful relationship of longer duration. I did not dream at that time that I would one day work on a book like this. The idea came from Horace M. Kallen, of the New School for Social Research, New York, years later; to encourage me he sent me his selection from William James' writings. Later I met Robert S. Cohen. Carnap had sent him to me with the message: "If you want to find out what my political views were in the twenties and thirties, read Otto Neurath's books and articles of that time; his views were also mine." In this way Robert Cohen became ac quainted with Otto Neurath. Even more: he became interested; and when I asked him, would he help me as an editor of an Otto N eurath volume, he agreed at once. In previous years I had already asked a number of Otto Neurath's friends to write down for me what they especially remembered about him.
Author |
: Andrew Tudor |
Publisher |
: Routledge |
Total Pages |
: 228 |
Release |
: 2013-12-13 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781135027902 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1135027900 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (02 Downloads) |
Synopsis Beyond Empiricism by : Andrew Tudor
Originally published in 1982. This volume explores some features of modern philosophy of science from the point of view of their utility for sociology’s self-understanding. Recently philosophers of science have broken with the empiricism once fundamental to their discipline, and have sought alternative methods of science. Founded on the belief that these developments are significant for sociologists, the book explores the failings of the old "received view" and some of the more recent alternatives. It proposes a schematic outline of the structure of inquiry, paying detailed attention to questions about the nature of theory, explanation and demonstration.
Author |
: David Willer |
Publisher |
: Prentice Hall |
Total Pages |
: 168 |
Release |
: 1973 |
ISBN-10 |
: UCAL:B4451429 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (29 Downloads) |
Synopsis Systematic Empiricism: Critique of a Pseudoscience by : David Willer
Author |
: Len Doyal |
Publisher |
: Routledge |
Total Pages |
: 212 |
Release |
: 2013-04-15 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781135028701 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1135028702 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (01 Downloads) |
Synopsis Empiricism, Explanation and Rationality by : Len Doyal
Originally published in 1986. All students of social science must confront a number of important philosophical issues. This introduction to the philosophy of the social sciences provides coherent answers to questions about empiricism, explanation and rationality. It evaluates contemporary writings on the subject which can be as difficult as they are important to understand. Each chapter has an annotated bibliography to enable students to pursue the issues raised and to assess for themselves the arguments of the authors.
Author |
: Dave Robinson |
Publisher |
: Icon Books Ltd |
Total Pages |
: 476 |
Release |
: 2015-09-03 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781785780172 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1785780174 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (72 Downloads) |
Synopsis Introducing Empiricism by : Dave Robinson
Our knowledge comes primarily from experience – what our senses tell us. But is experience really what it seems? The experimental breakthroughs in 17th-century science of Kepler, Galileo and Newton informed the great British empiricist tradition, which accepts a 'common-sense' view of the world – and yet concludes that all we can ever know are 'ideas'. In Introducing Empiricism: A Graphic Guide, Dave Robinson - with the aid of Bill Mayblin's brilliant illustrations - outlines the arguments of Locke, Berkeley, Hume, J.S. Mill, Bertrand Russell and the last British empiricist, A.J. Ayer. They also explore criticisms of empiricism in the work of Kant, Wittgenstein, Karl Popper and others, providing a unique overview of this compelling area of philosophy.
Author |
: David Thomas |
Publisher |
: Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages |
: 232 |
Release |
: 1980-01-24 |
ISBN-10 |
: 0521228212 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9780521228213 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (12 Downloads) |
Synopsis Naturalism and Social Science by : David Thomas
This 1979 text addresses the ways in which the dominant theories in large areas of Western social science have been subject to strong criticisms, particularly of their supposed philosophical deficiencies. In the philosophy of science, this resulted in empiricist views being replaced by an emphasis on the potential obstinacy of theory in the face of the empirical world. After introducing this contemporary philosophy of science, Dr Thomas uses it to argue that social study can both retain the natural scientific commitment to the constraint of the external world and assimilate the sorts of philosophical criticisms that were made of the old social scientific theories. In particular, he shows that social study understood in terms of the new philosophy of science can give an account of the former's distinctive concerns with issues of the meaning and value of social life. Dr Thomas supports his abstract arguments by detailed case studies.
Author |
: Roy Bhaskar |
Publisher |
: Routledge |
Total Pages |
: 272 |
Release |
: 2018-03-29 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781351048439 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1351048430 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (39 Downloads) |
Synopsis Empiricism and the Metatheory of the Social Sciences by : Roy Bhaskar
A picture has indeed held modern Western philosophy captive, that of the universe as a vast machine whose iron laws are best understood as exceptionless empirical regularities which, as it were, determine the future before it happens. This fantastic conception commands the assent, not just of positivistically-minded naturalists but of all the great anti-naturalists who champion a very different view of human action as a domain of freedom ‘that somehow cheats science’. The most fundamental move in Roy Bhaskar’s system of philosophy, the germ of everything that followed, was to reconceptualise the natural world in transcendental realist terms, ‘turning Kant around using his own method’. On this account, the universe is characterized by deep structures, mechanisms and fields that generate the flux of phenomena, and is in open, creative and emergent process. This completely recasts the terms of the debate between naturalism and anti-naturalism by remedying its false grounds and shows how philosophy can be liberated from its anthropocentric/anthropomorphic prison and rendered consistent with the best insights of modern natural science. There is necessity in nature quite independent of humans, but in an open world causation is multiple and conjunctural, the actual course of the unfolding of being is highly contingent and the bases of human freedom can be understood scientifically. Written as a DPhil thesis when Bhaskar was in his mid-twenties, Empiricism and the Metatheory of the Social Sciences brilliantly launches this reconceptualisation and explores its implications for social science in the course of carrying through the metatheoretical destruction of empiricism. It will be indispensable reading for anyone interested in the development of Bhaskar’s thought, in transcendental realism, and in the critique of empiricism, more generally of the philosophical discourse of Western modernity.
Author |
: Giuseppe Arbia |
Publisher |
: Springer Nature |
Total Pages |
: 54 |
Release |
: 2021-04-20 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9783030730307 |
ISBN-13 |
: 3030730301 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (07 Downloads) |
Synopsis Statistics, New Empiricism and Society in the Era of Big Data by : Giuseppe Arbia
This book reveals the myriad aspects of Big Data collection and analysis, by defining and clarifying the meaning of Big Data and its unique characteristics in a non-technical and easy-to-follow way. Moreover, it discusses critical issues and problems related to the Big Data revolution and their implications for both Statistics as a discipline and for our everyday lives. The author identifies various problems and limitations in the quantitative analysis of Big Data, with regard to e.g. its volume, velocity and variety, as well as its reliability and veridicity. Dedicated chapters focus on the epistemological aspects of data-based knowledge and ethical aspects of the use of Big Data, while also addressing paradigmatic cases such as Cambridge Analytica and the use of data from social networks to influence election outcomes.
Author |
: Christopher Bryant |
Publisher |
: Polity |
Total Pages |
: 208 |
Release |
: 1996-01-09 |
ISBN-10 |
: 0745614930 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9780745614939 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (30 Downloads) |
Synopsis Practical Sociology by : Christopher Bryant
This book offers a new analysis of some basic issues in sociology and social theory, arguing that the social sciencs can, and should, play a major practical role in modern social life.