This is a concise, highly accessible introduction to medical virology, incorporating essential basic principles as well as a systematic review of viruses and viral diseases. It pays particular attention to developments in anti-viral therapy that are becoming increasingly effective in modern medicine. It is an ideal textbook for the information-overloaded student and an invaluable everyday companion for the busy professional who needs a good understanding of the current state of medical virology. In keeping with the highly successful format of other Illustrated Colour Texts, it presents the subject as a series of succinct 2 page 'learning units', using a superb collection of clear illustrations and clinical photographs, concise yet comprehensive text and key point boxes to aid quick access to information and examination preparation. So whether you are a medical student, junior doctor, medical scientist, trainee in infectious diseases or student on another allied medical course, this book is here to make your life easier! It will also provide a very solid foundation for any who plan to delve deeper into this fascinating field. - Part of the popular Illustrated Colour Text series - Information presented in double page spreads for easy learning - Highly illustrated with both full colour graphics and clinical photographs - Each spread includes a key point box for exam preparation

Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject Medicine - Diagnostics, grade: 18.0, , language: English, abstract: Bovine brucellosis is an exceptionally contagious, zoonotic and financially significant bacterial disease. The point of this paper was to review accessible logical information on serological tests for the analysis of bovine brucellosis and look at their test execution in view of sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) upsides of measures. The infection was portrayed by early abortion, placentitis, epididymitis, and orchitis. The clinical image of brucellosis is not pathognomonic, and the clinical history of the patient, especially the event of fetal removal, is of central symptomatic significance. Although definitive diagnosis of bovine brucellosis is finished by disconnection and distinguishing proof of the causative agents, serological tests are normally the most preferred. The host defense mechanism against Brucella can practically be partitioned into innate or nonspecific and adaptive or specific immunity. The pathogenic brucella living being has fostered a battery of instruments to sidestep or potentially regulate both innate and adaptive immune reactions in their host. Serological tests depend on the way that Brucella abortus, similar to other smooth Brucella, have distinctive O-polysaccharides that incite a humoral reaction with an underlying production of IgM trailed by IgG1 and IgG2/IgA. Serological techniques accessible for the analysis of bovine brucellosis incorporate the screening serological test (Milk ring test, Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Buffered plate agglutination test (BPAT)) and corroborative serological test, which are the complement fixation test (CFT), serum agglutination test (SAT), 2-mercaptoethanol test (2ME), indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA), and, more recently, competitive ELISA (cELISA) and Brucella fluorescent polarization assay (FPA). For quite a long time, there was no single serological test that is suitable in each and every epidemiological circumstance and 100% precise.

This open access book presents the first step towards building socio-life science, a field of science investigating humans in such a way that both social and life-scientific factors are integrated. Because humans are both living and social creatures, a human action can never be understood fully without knowing both the biological traits of a person and the social scientific environments in which he exists. With this consideration, the editors of this book have initiated a research project promoting a deeper and more integrated understanding of human behavior and human health. This book aims to show what can, and could be, achieved through our interdisciplinary project. One important product is the newly formed three-party collaboration between Pasteur Institut, Kyoto University, and the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry. Covering many different fields, including medicine, epidemiology, anthropology, economics, sociology, demography, geography, and policy, researchers in these institutes, and many others, present their studies on the COVID-19 pandemic. Although based on different methodologies, the studies show the importance of behavioral change and governmental policy in the fight against a huge pandemic. The book explains the unique genome cohort-panel data that the project builds to study social and life scientific aspects of humans.

Testing and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection is the gateway for access to both prevention and treatment services, and is a crucial component of an effective response to the hepatitis epidemic. Early identification of persons with chronic HBV or HCV infection enables them to receive the necessary care and treatment to prevent or delay progression of liver disease. Testing also provides an opportunity to link people to interventions to reduce transmission, through counselling on risk behaviors and provision of prevention commodities (such as sterile needles and syringes) and hepatitis B vaccination. These are the first WHO guidelines on testing for chronic HBV and HCV infection and complement published guidance by WHO on the prevention, care and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection. These guidelines outline the public health approach to strengthening and expanding current testing practices for HBV and HCV, and are intended for use across age groups and populations.

Digestive Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: Changes and Challenges provides an in-depth examination into the rise of western digestive diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). For those interested in the causes of the major diseases of the 'West', the patterns in Africa have always reflected on the emergence of western diseases and elucidated the pattern of these conditions and their clinical course. Coverage includes the present epidemiology of GI diseases in SSA, the trends that are occurring, and the context of other emerging diseases. Appropriate for researchers, gastroenterologists and internists, this book brings together the latest research in a single, complete volume. - Provides evidence of the changes occurring in digestive disease in Sub-Saharan Africa due to Westernization - Covers urbanization, upward mobility, demographics, environmental changes, and the availability of natural resources that have a decisive influence on digestive diseases - Offers models for the amelioration of digestive diseases due to Westernization

Detection and Analysis of SARS Coronavirus Detecting and analyzing the COVID-19 pandemic with biosensor technology The highly contagious SARS CoV-2 pathogen has challenged health systems around the world as they struggle to detect and monitor the spread of the pathogen. In Detection and Analysis of SARS Coronavirus: Advanced Biosensors for Pandemic Viruses and Related Pathogens expert chemists Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and Sudheesh K. Shukla deliver a practical analysis of how contactless coronavirus detectors may be developed using existing biosensor technology. The editors outline current challenges in the field, the bioanalytical principles for coronavirus detection, and available biosensor technology. They then move on to how available technology might be adapted to detect coronaviruses and how commercialization of the technology might unfold. The lessons learned in this book are readily applicable to the study of other current and emerging pathogens. Readers will also enjoy: A thorough introduction to the current diagnostic approaches for COVID-19, including common challenges, technology adaptation, and future potential An exploration of bio-analytical strategies for SARS CoV-2/COVID-19, including COVID detection via nanotechnology, biosensing approaches, and the role of nanotechnology in coronavirus detection Practical discussions of biosensors for the analysis of SARS CoV-2/COVID-19, including sensor development for coronavirus and chemical sensors for coronavirus diagnosis In-depth treatments of the commercialization and standardization for analytical technologies Perfect for virologists, pharmaceutical industry professionals, and sensor developers, Detection and Analysis of SARS Coronavirus is also an indispensable resource for those working in analytical research institutes, biotechnology industry professionals, and public health agency professionals.

This contributed volume contains 25 chapters from leading international scientists working on dengue and Zika viruses, who came together in Praia do Tofo in Mozambique to discuss the latest developments in the fields of epidemiology, pathogenesis, structural virology, immunology, antiviral drug discovery and development, vaccine efficacy, and mosquito control programs. The meeting venue offered an opportunity to discuss current research on these flaviviruses in an idyllic setting, and also to develop first-hand appreciation of the issues in infectious diseases facing developing countries and of the research gaps in Africa. For readers, who should include basic and clinical researchers in the field and public health professionals, the chapters are organized to provide a comprehensive overview of the various topics in current dengue and Zika virus research. A unique feature of the proceedings of this meeting is the inclusion of the discussions that took place following presentations. These have been transcribed and appended to the end of the relevant chapters, and they form the “salt in the soup” of this book.

This practical guide covers the commonly used detection methods for seed-transmitted viruses and viroids that affect both tropical and temperate crops. It contains 25 complete step-by-step procedures for biological, serological and molecular techniques to detect and identify such viruses. Combining helpful practical notes with more detailed explanations of the principles behind the techniques, the book describes the general characteristics of seed-transmitted viral diseases and discusses outlines for the organization and interpretation of seed health assays. The techniques reviewed are also applicable to non-seed-transmitted viral agents.

Get problem-oriented and disease-specific guidance in treating STDs-in one quick-access source Featuring the trusted, practical format of the CURRENT series, this authoritative, quick-access guide delivers a top-to-bottom overview of STDs commonly encountered in clinical practice. The book begins with an insightful introduction to the field that emphasizes the patient-doctor relationship, and then explores clinical problems with STDs in terms of diagnostic, management, and treatment considerations. Features A-to-Z, up-to-the-minute coverage of common STDs-filled with crucial point-of-care guidelines A focus on prevention interventions, including counseling, in recognition of the need to change high-risk sexual behaviors Practical diagnostic algorithms that summarize key protocols and facilitate patient management Detailed, easy-to-locate treatment tables that list specific drugs (generic and trade names), doses, and schedules A thought-provoking final chapter that includes a brief discussion of the latest STD research, plus unresolved questions and future concerns Useful appendices that include diagnostic protocols, treatment tables, and websites for further information Authoritative, on-the-spot information you can quickly apply to your practice - without sifting through pages of data An essential clinical companion for internists, family physicians, pediatricians, nurse practitioners, obstetricians-gynecologists, HIV care specialists, and other healthcare professionals who see patients with STDs Turn to any chapter on specific STDs, and you'll find expert perspectives on biology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and issues related to special populations

Covers biological, molecular, and medical topics concerning viruses in animals, plants, bacteria and insects ... this new ed. has been extensively revised and updated to reflect the 50 % increase in identified and accepted viruses since 2000. Includes information on avian flu, SARS and West Nile and the ability of some viruses to be used as agents of bioterrorism.