Building on the revolutionary Institute of Medicine reports To Err is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, Keeping Patients Safe lays out guidelines for improving patient safety by changing nurses' working conditions and demands. Licensed nurses and unlicensed nursing assistants are critical participants in our national effort to protect patients from health care errors. The nature of the activities nurses typically perform â€" monitoring patients, educating home caretakers, performing treatments, and rescuing patients who are in crisis â€" provides an indispensable resource in detecting and remedying error-producing defects in the U.S. health care system. During the past two decades, substantial changes have been made in the organization and delivery of health care â€" and consequently in the job description and work environment of nurses. As patients are increasingly cared for as outpatients, nurses in hospitals and nursing homes deal with greater severity of illness. Problems in management practices, employee deployment, work and workspace design, and the basic safety culture of health care organizations place patients at further risk. This newest edition in the groundbreaking Institute of Medicine Quality Chasm series discusses the key aspects of the work environment for nurses and reviews the potential improvements in working conditions that are likely to have an impact on patient safety.

Food quality and safety have been the central issues of food economics and are considered among the most important food attributes. However, evidence of the impact of food safety consciousness on consumers' food purchasing behavior is limited. This paper studies the impact of food safety consciousness on weekly milk expenditure, milk price paid, milk quantity purchased, and the probability of purchasing milk from modern market outlets in Nepal. We conducted dairy consumer survey in four selected districts of the country and employed an instrumental variable regression and quantile instrumental variable to estimate the heterogeneous treatment effects. The results suggest that education, income, and social network are the major factors that positively influence food safety consciousness. An increase in the food safety consciousness level by 1% increases the weekly milk expenditure, milk price paid, and weekly milk purchased by 1.37%, 0.66%, and 1.27%, respectively. Furthermore, we found that an increase in food safety consciousness by 1% is associated with a 37% higher probability of selecting a modern milk outlet. At higher levels of food safety consciousness, female-headed households are significantly more likely to purchase milk from modern outlets in comparison to male-headed households. Our findings imply that increasing food safety consciousness is likely to improve food security (through more consumption of milk and other healthy food) and the welfare of smallholder dairy farmers (through increased milk demand and higher milk prices paid by consumers).

Do all you can to minimize dangerous behaviors to benefit communities, employees, and organizations! Safety is a “real world” problem that community psychologists, industrial/organizational psychologists, industrial hygenists, human resources professionals, and corporate insurance groups must deal with on a day-to-day basis. In Workplace Safety: Individual Differences in Behavior you will examine safety behavior and discover practical interventions to help increase the safety awareness of the people in your life. This book takes a look at ways of defining and measuring safety as well as a variety of individual differences like gender, job knowledge, conscientiousness, self-efficacy, risk avoidance, and stress tolerance that are important in creating safety interventions and improving the selection and training of employees. Workplace safety is of prime importance in today's increasingly litigious society. It has been estimated that each year in the United States, there are 100,000 work-related accident or disease fatalities, 400,000 workers who become disabled, and 6 million workplace injuries. Of equal importance are driver safety and safety hazards in public spaces such as malls and individual stores. Workplace Safety: Individual Differences in Behavior examines: the importance of measurement in understanding worker abilities and defining safety behaviors the often-neglected issue of gender differences in safety definitions and research the relationship between personality variables, job, knowledge, and accident involvement the five-factor personality model for predicting safety behavior a model of safety consciousness types of safety hazards in public spaces monetary costs of accidents in malls and stores a practitioner's perspective on individual differences in safety behavior Workplace Safety: Individual Differences in Behavior takes an incisive look at these issues with a unique focus on the way individual differences in people impact safety behavior in the real world.