We live in an era when coloured pieces of paper are deemed to be money. But this was not how things always were. In the United States, tobacco was money for longer than gold was. In parts of ancient India, almonds were money. Corn was money in Guatemala. In the rice-producing nations of Philippines, Japan and Burma, standardized portions of rice served as money. Salt was money in the Sahara Desert. How did these commodities disappear as money? What role did the rise of banking play in the rise of paper money? How has paper money at various points of time destroyed financial systems? And, most importantly, how do the same mistakes which were made earlier continue to be made in the modern era? Vivek Kaul answers these and many more questions in the first book in the Easy Money series.

"Robinson Cruso's Money" is actually a monetary experiment which investigates the dynamics and feature of cash. It is based on Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Cruso," wherein the primary character is actually stranded on a deserted isle. A thought experiment involves envisioning that Robinson Crusoe discovers a chest filled with gold coins while stranded on the island. Crucial Points: Isolation: Crusoe could be the single person on the island, and there's no nearby community to trade or maybe commerce with. Absence of Market: The gold coins have no intrinsic worth for Crusoe since there's economic system or no market on island. Utility: Crusoe can not use the gold for practical uses. He cannot consume it, use it for shelter or even swap it for goods or services. Exchange as well as trade: Money gains the worth of its from turning into a medium of exchange in an economic system. Crusoe sees the cash as ineffective since the island is missing an economy or maybe possibility for trade. Economic Lessons: Medium of Exchange: Only cash might be replaced for merchandise and / or perhaps services. As a medium of exchange it loses the electric of its in isolation. The actual distinction between intrinsic and also Instrumental worth. In this thought experiment, the intrinsic worth of a point is actually distinguished from its instrumental worth (the worth of its as an instrument to achieve various other end). Community Construct: Money is a cultural idea mostly. The worth of the moderate is dependent upon the collective agreement kept by a town to swap it. Barter System: If Crusoe encounter someone else on the island, a barter system is going to prove much more helpful without any cash. Barter methods entail immediate exchange of items without the usage of money or maybe another moderate. Source Allocation: Money is not always handy in cases in which resources are actually restricted and must be successfully allotted (such as a deserted island). Abilities, labor, and natural resources turn into the key assets. The Philosophical Implications: The thought experiment carries philosophical ramifications related to the dynamics of worth, man needs as well as the cap of material wealth. When eliminated from societal buildings & norms it challenges us to think about what really matters in life. "Robinson Cruso's Money" is actually a theoretical foundation for grasping the basic principles of cash and economics. It lets us realize the contextual and social elements which confer worth on cash. Surely! The "Robinson Crusoe's Money" thought experiment serves as a foundational tool for understanding a number of important concepts in economics, sociology, and also philosophy. Let us delve deeper into each area. Expanded Economic Lessons: Very subjective Theory of Value: In classical economics, the valuation of an item is usually regarded as intrinsic. Nevertheless, the modern, much more nuanced view argues that value is actually very subjective and depending on the energy it offers to the person. Robinson Crusoe's scenario illustrates this perfectly: gold, typically regarded as invaluable, becomes worthless in the context of his since it provides no utility. Portability and liquidity: One of the causes cash is beneficial in contemporary economies is the liquidity of its and portability. You are able to quickly carry it and swap it for a broad range of services and goods. But once again, in Crusoe's remote economy of one, these qualities are actually irrelevant. Marginal Utility: The idea of marginal energy details the extra pleasure or maybe advantage one profits from eating yet another device of a very good or perhaps service. Crusoe's scenario shows that the marginal energy of cash could become 0 in case it can't be replaced for whatever helpful.

Storm, shipwreck, pirates, and mutiny are the timeless themes of this recreated classic. The action-packed story lines retain all the impact of the author's own words, while photos and narrative illustrations help readers to absorb the full flavor of the original novel. Full color.

First published in 1979, this title presents the basic facts and the background information needed by a modern reader of Robinson Crusoe, as well as a careful exploration of the structure and style of the work itself. Pat Rogers pays particular attention to the book’s composition and publishing history, the critical history surrounding it from 1719 onwards, and the contemporary context of geographical discovery, colonialism and piracy, as well as more controversial areas of interpretation. A wide-ranging and practical reissue, this study will be of value to literature students with a particular interest in the critical interpretation of Robinson Crusoe, as well as the novel’s place in the context of Defoe’s career.

Global Crusoe travels across the twentieth-century globe to explore the huge variety of contemporary incarnations of Daniel Defoe's intrepid character. Reading texts by authors such as Nadine Gordimer, Bessie Head, Derek Walcott and J.M. Coetzee, Fallon argues that the twentieth-century Crusoe is not a lone, struggling survivor, but a cosmopolitan figure who serves as a warning against the dangers of individual isolation and colonial oppression.

Rather than approach debate primarily as a form of interscholastic competition, this unique book identifies it as an activity that occurs in many settings: scientific conferences, newspaper op-ed pages, classrooms, courts of law, and everyday domestic life. Debate is discussed as an integral part of academic inquiry in all disciplines. As in all fields of study, various competing views are advanced and supported; Debate and Critical Analysis is designed to better prepare the student to assess and engage them. This text posits four characteristics of true debate -- argument development, clash, extension, and perspective -- which form the basic structure of the book. Each concept or aspect of argument covered is illustrated by an example drawn from contemporary or historical sources, allowing the reader to actually see the techniques and strategies at work. All popular forms of competitive debate, including "policy," "Lincoln-Douglas," "value-oriented," and "parliamentary," are discussed in detail -- as embedded in the actual topical controversies with which they are concerned. In this way, the student can learn the structures, reasoning processes, and strategies that may be employed, as well as the practical affairs of debating, from brief-writing to the flowsheet.

Volume V of The Annotated Works of Henry George presents the unabridged and posthumously published text of The Science of Political Economy (1898). George's original text is comprehensively supplemented by annotations which explain his many references to other political economists and writers both well known and obscure.

With the same electrical intensity of language and insight that he brought to Waiting for the Barbarians, J.M. Coetzee reinvents the story of Robinson Crusoe—and in so doing, directs our attention to the seduction and tyranny of storytelling itself. J.M. Coetzee's latest novel, The Schooldays of Jesus, is now available from Viking. Late Essays: 2006-2016 will be available January 2018. In 1720 the eminent man of letters Daniel Foe is approached by Susan Barton, lately a castaway on a desert island. She wants him to tell her story, and that of the enigmatic man who has become her rescuer, companion, master and sometimes lover: Cruso. Cruso is dead, and his manservant, Friday, is incapable of speech. As she tries to relate the truth about him, the ambitious Barton cannot help turning Cruso into her invention. For as narrated by Foe—as by Coetzee himself—the stories we thought we knew acquire depths that are at once treacherous, elegant, and unexpectedly moving.

The author chronicles the lives of three generations of Chinese men in America, woven from memory, myth and fact. Here's a storyteller's tale of what they endured in a strange new land.

From the New York Times bestselling author of Parable of the Sower and MacArthur “Genius” Grant, Nebula, and Hugo award winner The visionary time-travel classic whose Black female hero is pulled through time to face the horrors of American slavery and explores the impacts of racism, sexism, and white supremacy then and now. “I lost an arm on my last trip home. My left arm.” Dana’s torment begins when she suddenly vanishes on her 26th birthday from California, 1976, and is dragged through time to antebellum Maryland to rescue a boy named Rufus, heir to a slaveowner’s plantation. She soon realizes the purpose of her summons to the past: protect Rufus to ensure his assault of her Black ancestor so that she may one day be born. As she endures the traumas of slavery and the soul-crushing normalization of savagery, Dana fights to keep her autonomy and return to the present. Blazing the trail for neo-slavery narratives like Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad and Ta-Nehisi Coates’s The Water Dancer, Butler takes one of speculative fiction’s oldest tropes and infuses it with lasting depth and power. Dana not only experiences the cruelties of slavery on her skin but also grimly learns to accept it as a condition of her own existence in the present. “Where stories about American slavery are often gratuitous, reducing its horror to explicit violence and brutality, Kindred is controlled and precise” (New York Times). “Reading Octavia Butler taught me to dream big, and I think it’s absolutely necessary that everybody have that freedom and that willingness to dream.” —N. K. Jemisin Developed for television by writer/executive producer Branden Jacobs-Jenkins (Watchmen), executive producers also include Joe Weisberg and Joel Fields (The Americans, The Patient), and Darren Aronofsky (The Whale). Janicza Bravo (Zola) is director and an executive producer of the pilot. Kindred stars Mallori Johnson, Micah Stock, Ryan Kwanten, and Gayle Rankin.