Reviews developments in mechanical translation programs. Also considers NSF and CIA programs in comparison with research developments abroad, especially in the Soviet Union.

The field of machine translation (MT) - the automation of translation between human languages - has existed for more than 50 years. MT helped to usher in the field of computational linguistics and has influenced methods and applications in knowledge representation, information theory, and mathematical statistics.

The mechanical method of translating the Bible is a new and unique style of translating that translates each Hebrew word, prefix and suffix exactly the same way every time it occurs and in the same order as they appear in the Hebrew text. This translation will allow a reader, who has no background in Hebrew, to see the text from a Hebraic perspective, without the interjection of a translator's theological opinions and bias. As this style of translation also identifies the morphology of each Hebrew word using the English language, it is a useful tool for those who are learning to read Biblical Hebrew.

This is IV volume of eight in a series on Philosophy of the Mind and Language. For nearly a century mathematicians and logicians have been striving hard to make logic an exact science. But a book on logic must contain, in addition to the formulae, an expository context which, with the assistance of the words of ordinary language, explains the formulae and the relations between them; and this context often leaves much to be desired in the matter of clarity and exactitude. Originally published in 1937, the purpose of the present work is to give a systematic exposition of such a method, namely, of the method of " logical syntax".

This title details the history of the field of machine translation (MT) from its earliest years. It glimpses major figures through biographical accounts recounting the origin and development of research programmes as well as personal details and anecdotes on the impact of political and social events on MT developments.

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.

This book presents cutting-edge research in translation studies, offering stimulating discussions on translation and providing fresh perspectives on the field. Papers in Translation Studies features a selection of papers originally authored for this volume, addressing a variety of issues from different points of view and offering interesting contributions to the critical literature of the field. The volume provides useful resources that will be of great benefit for academics, students and practitioners. The contributions to this book promote research on translation theory and practice, and suggest ways of dealing with translation problems. The volume chapters are written by researchers from around the world, and consider various different languages and contexts. Areas of investigation include contrastive linguistics and translation, corpus-based translation studies, natural language processing, machine translation, and translator training.