Abstract: Decomposing China's real export growth, of over 500 percent since 1992, reveals a number of interesting findings. First, China's export structure changed dramatically, with growing export shares in electronics and machinery and a decline in agriculture and apparel. Second, despite the shift into these more sophisticated products, the skill content of China's manufacturing exports remained unchanged, once processing trade is excluded. Third, export growth was accompanied by increasing specialization and was mainly accounted for by high export growth of existing products (the intensive margin) rather than in new varieties (the extensive margin). Fourth, consistent with an increased world supply of existing varieties, China's export prices to the United States fell by an average of 1.5 percent per year between 1997 and 2005, while export prices of these products from the rest of the world to the United States increased by 0.4 percent annually over the same period.

Considers prospects and problems for small businesses in long term export market for timber, fish and agricultural products from the Pacific Northwest. Hearing was held in Portland, Oreg., pt. 1; Hearing, held in Mobile, Ala., focuses on agricultural and industrial exporting activities in Alabama and Mississippi, pt. 2; Hearing, held in Milwaukee, Wis., focuses on role of small enterprises in Wisconsin exporting activities, pt. 3; Examines the potentials and problems of developing exports of small business and regional industries over the next decade. Hearings were held in Miami, Fla., pt. 4; Reviews U.S. international trade posture and balance of payments deficit, to identify means of expanding northeast regional exports and increase involvement of small business. Focuses on implementation of GATT Kennedy Round tariffs revisions, improvement of port and harbor facilities, increased loan authority for the Export-Import Bank, and overseas markets for U.S. goods. May 3 hearing was held in Newark, N.J.; and May 6 hearing was held in New York City, pt. 5; Continuation of hearings on the problems of expanding exports of small businesses and regional industries over a ten year period, pt. 6

Does what economies export matter for development? If so, can industrial policies improve on the export basket generated by the market? This book approaches these questions from a variety of conceptual and policy viewpoints. Reviewing the theoretical arguments in favor of industrial policies, the authors first ask whether existing indicators allow policy makers to identify growth-promoting sectors with confidence. To this end, they assess, and ultimately cast doubt upon, the reliability of many popular indicators advocated by proponents of industrial policy. Second, and central to their critique, the authors document extraordinary differences in the performance of countries exporting seemingly identical products, be they natural resources or 'high-tech' goods. Further, they argue that globalization has so fragmented the production process that even talking about exported goods as opposed to tasks may be misleading. Reviewing evidence from history and from around the world, the authors conclude that policy makers should focus less on what is produced, and more on how it is produced. They analyze alternative approaches to picking winners but conclude by favoring 'horizontal-ish' policies--for instance, those that build human capital or foment innovation in existing and future products—that only incidentally favor some sectors over others.

Here is practical advice for anyone who wants to build their business by selling overseas. The International Trade Administration covers key topics such as marketing, legal issues, customs, and more. With real-life examples and a full index, A Basic Guide to Exporting provides expert advice and practical solutions to meet all of your exporting needs.

Considers prospects and problems for small businesses in long term export market for timber, fish and agricultural products from the Pacific Northwest. Hearing was held in Portland, Oreg., pt. 1; Hearing, held in Mobile, Ala., focuses on agricultural and industrial exporting activities in Alabama and Mississippi, pt. 2; Hearing, held in Milwaukee, Wis., focuses on role of small enterprises in Wisconsin exporting activities, pt. 3; Examines the potentials and problems of developing exports of small business and regional industries over the next decade. Hearings were held in Miami, Fla., pt. 4; Reviews U.S. international trade posture and balance of payments deficit, to identify means of expanding northeast regional exports and increase involvement of small business. Focuses on implementation of GATT Kennedy Round tariffs revisions, improvement of port and harbor facilities, increased loan authority for the Export-Import Bank, and overseas markets for U.S. goods. May 3 hearing was held in Newark, N.J.; and May 6 hearing was held in New York City, pt. 5; Continuation of hearings on the problems of expanding exports of small businesses and regional industries over a ten year period, pt. 6.

In less than three decades, China has grown from playing a negligible role in international trade to being one of the world's largest exporters, a substantial importer of raw materials, intermediate outputs, and other goods, and both a recipient and source of foreign investment. Not surprisingly, China's economic dynamism has generated considerable attention and concern in the United States and beyond. While some analysts have warned of the potential pitfalls of China's rise—the loss of jobs, for example—others have highlighted the benefits of new market and investment opportunities for US firms. Bringing together an expert group of contributors, China's Growing Role in World Trade undertakes an empirical investigation of the effects of China's new status. The essays collected here provide detailed analyses of the microstructure of trade, the macroeconomic implications, sector-level issues, and foreign direct investment. This volume's careful examination of micro data in light of established economic theories clarifies a number of misconceptions, disproves some conventional wisdom, and documents data patterns that enhance our understanding of China's trade and what it may mean to the rest of the world.

Maps capture data expressing the economic complexity of countries from Albania to Zimbabwe, offering current economic measures and as well as a guide to achieving prosperity Why do some countries grow and others do not? The authors of The Atlas of Economic Complexity offer readers an explanation based on "Economic Complexity," a measure of a society's productive knowledge. Prosperous societies are those that have the knowledge to make a larger variety of more complex products. The Atlas of Economic Complexity attempts to measure the amount of productive knowledge countries hold and how they can move to accumulate more of it by making more complex products. Through the graphical representation of the "Product Space," the authors are able to identify each country's "adjacent possible," or potential new products, making it easier to find paths to economic diversification and growth. In addition, they argue that a country's economic complexity and its position in the product space are better predictors of economic growth than many other well-known development indicators, including measures of competitiveness, governance, finance, and schooling. Using innovative visualizations, the book locates each country in the product space, provides complexity and growth potential rankings for 128 countries, and offers individual country pages with detailed information about a country's current capabilities and its diversification options. The maps and visualizations included in the Atlas can be used to find more viable paths to greater productive knowledge and prosperity.

Industrialization supported by industrial hubs has been widely associated with structural transformation and catch-up. But while the direct economic benefits of industrial hubs are significant, their value lies first and foremost in their contribution as incubators of industrialization, production and technological capability, and innovation. The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Hubs and Economic Development adopts an interdisciplinary approach to examine the conceptual underpinnings, review empirical evidence of regions and economies, and extract pertinent lessons for policy reasearchers and practitioners on the key drivers of success and failure for industrial hubs. This Handbook illustrates the diverse and complex nature of industrial hubs and shows how they promote industrialization, economic structural transformation, and technological catch-up. It explores the implications of emerging issues and trends such as environmental protection and sustainability, technological advancement, shifts in the global economy, and urbanization.