This book, first published in 1949, is the original and key survey of the stages which preceded the use of coins as the medium of exchange, and of the objects that coins displaced, objects which for want of a better name are here called primitive money. It examines in detail the primitive monies of the world, monies from far in the distant past, and monies still in use today. It is the essential reference source on the many different objects used as currency.

Karl Polanyi’s The Great Transformation is generally acclaimed as being among the most influential works of economic history in the twentieth century, and remains as vital in the current historical conjuncture as it was in his own. In its critique of nineteenth-century ‘market fundamentalism’ it reads as a warning to our own neoliberal age, and is widely touted as a prophetic guidebook for those who aspire to understand the causes and dynamics of global economic turbulence at the end of the 2000s. Karl Polanyi: The Limits of the Market is the first comprehensive introduction to Polanyi’s ideas and legacy. It assesses not only the texts for which he is famous – prepared during his spells in American academia – but also his journalistic articles written in his first exile in Vienna, and lectures and pamphlets from his second exile, in Britain. It provides a detailed critical analysis of The Great Transformation, but also surveys Polanyi’s seminal writings in economic anthropology, the economic history of ancient and archaic societies, and political and economic theory. Its primary source base includes interviews with Polanyi’s daughter, Kari Polanyi-Levitt, as well as the entire compass of his own published and unpublished writings in English and German. This engaging and accessible introduction to Polanyi’s thinking will appeal to students and scholars across the social sciences, providing a refreshing perspective on the roots of our current economic crisis.

A Wall Street Journal Business Book Bestseller "Primitive provides a path forward to unleash your inner entrepreneur."―Barbara Corcoran, Shark Tank Most people are disengaged with their work and feel uninspired, underappreciated and underpaid. The situation could hardly be clearer: in the wake of a catastrophic global health crisis and amid societal upheaval and economic uncertainty, we can longer afford to play by the conventional rulebook to get ahead in our professional lives. What’s the secret to this kind of success in today’s world? Ironically, it’s honoring our ancient instincts and intuition. It’s about sensing danger and pouncing on opportunity -- as our ancestors did tens of thousands of years ago, or in the manner of playful kids full of curiosity and can-do spirit. Primitive is very different from the familiar, cookie-cutter business book. Marco Greenberg, a close advisor to visionary founders of tech unicorns and the heads of some of the nation’s largest organizations, demonstrates how a range of successful people--those he calls "primitives"--ignore what they "should" do and instead tap a primal drive to power ahead. The good news is that anyone looking to inspire others has a way to apply the primitive mindset, from new college grads to mid-career professionals, from HR directors to CEOs. The key is to go ROAMING ™: be Relentless in pursuing our biggest goals; have the courage to reject group-think and be Oppositional; choose an Agnostic approach rather than overly specialize; adopt a Messianic spirit, so your work becomes not just a job but a true calling; embrace the advantages of being Insecure rather than feign bravado; reap the benefits of sometimes acting a little Nuts; and finally, to realize that being Gallant in following one's passions delivers the ultimate rewards. Primitive captures the keys to breakout success and professional satisfaction.

Originally published in 1932, this book discusses aspects of economic life in Africa. Detailed consideration is given to food production, population increase, hunting, herding, distribution of goods and wealth, ownership and property, trade, feudalism and slavery.

Primitive Money: In its Ethnological, Historical and Economic Aspects: Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged deals with the study of the role of money in the past and in selected regions of the world. This selection is divided into three sections, designated as Book I, Book II, and Book III. Book I discusses the ethnology of money extending back to more than 5,000 years ago, to the dark age when not much written evidence existed, and to today's various communities scattered around the world. The text covers the regions of Oceania, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Book II looks into the historical aspect of money, from the ancient period comprising prehistoric currencies such as tools and ornaments, to the Medieval period, and then to modern times. Book III is the theoretical section that attempts to define primitive money, its functions, and its perceived value. This book applies something modern when it discusses primitive monetary policy, such as active and passive attitudes of the State, restrictionist policy, stabilizationist policy, and expansionist monetary policy. This section also discusses the philosophy of primitive money, and its economic and historical roles. The change from primitive to modern money is examined, and the future prospects such as the continuance or redemption of primitive money is discussed. Anthropologists, sociologists, economists, historians, students and academicians doing sociological research, and even businessmen and industrialists can benefit from reading this text.