In information technology, the concepts of cost, time, delivery, space, quality, durability, and price have gained greater importance in solving managerial decision-making problems in supply chain models, transportation problems, and inventory control problems. Moreover, competition is becoming tougher in imprecise environments. Neutrosophic sets and logic are gaining significant attention in solving real-life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistency, and indeterminacy. Neutrosophic Sets in Decision Analysis and Operations Research is a critical, scholarly publication that examines various aspects of organizational research through mathematical equations and algorithms and presents neutrosophic theories and their applications in various optimization fields. Featuring a wide range of topics such as information retrieval, decision making, and matrices, this book is ideal for engineers, technicians, designers, mathematicians, practitioners of mathematics in economy and technology, scientists, academicians, professionals, managers, researchers, and students.

This book addresses new concepts, methods, algorithms, modeling, and applications of green supply chain, inventory control problems, assignment problems, transportation problem, linear problems and new information related to optimization for the topic from the theoretical and applied viewpoints of neutrosophic sets and logic. The book is an innovatory of new tools and procedures, such as: Neutrosophic Statistical Tests and Dependent State Samplings, Neutrosophic Probabilistic Expert Systems, Neutrosophic HyperSoft Set, Quadripartitioned Neutrosophic Cross-Entropy, Octagonal and Spherical and Cubic Neutrosophic Numbers used in machine learning. It highlights the process of neutrosofication {which means to split the universe into three parts, two opposite ones (Truth and Falsehood), and an Indeterminate or neutral one (I) in between them}. It explains Three-Ways Decision, how the universe set is split into three different distinct areas, in regard to the decision process, representing: Acceptance, Noncommitment, and Rejection, respectively. The Three-Way Decision is used in the Neutrosophic Linguistic Rough Set, which has never been done before.

In this study, we give some concepts concerning the neutrosophic sets, single valued neutrosophic sets, interval-valued neutrosophic sets, bipolar neutrosophic sets, neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy sets, inter-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy sets, refined neutrosophic sets, bipolar neutrosophic refined sets, multi-valued neutrosophic sets, simplified neutrosophic linguistic sets, neutrosophic over/off/under sets, rough neutrosophic sets, rough bipolar neutrosophic sets, rough neutrosophic hyper-complex set, and their basic operations.

A neutrosophic set was proposed as an approach to study neutral uncertain information. It is characterized through three memberships, T, I and F, such that these independent functions stand for the truth, indeterminate, and false-membership degrees of an object. The neutrosophic set presents a symmetric form since truth enrolment T is symmetric to its opposite false enrolment F with respect to indeterminacy enrolment I that acts as an axis of symmetry.

This book offers a comprehensive guide to the use of neutrosophic sets in multiple criteria decision making problems. It shows how neutrosophic sets, which have been developed as an extension of fuzzy and paraconsistent logic, can help in dealing with certain types of uncertainty that classical methods could not cope with. The chapters, written by well-known researchers, report on cutting-edge methodologies they have been developing and testing on a variety of engineering problems. The book is unique in its kind as it reports for the first time and in a comprehensive manner on the joint use of neutrosophic sets together with existing decision making methods to solve multi-criteria decision-making problems, as well as other engineering problems that are complex, hard to model and/or include incomplete and vague data. By providing new ideas, suggestions and directions for the solution of complex problems in engineering and decision making, it represents an excellent guide for researchers, lecturers and postgraduate students pursuing research on neutrosophic decision making, and more in general in the area of industrial and management engineering.

In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), paraconsistent set, and intuitionistic set to the neutrosophic set (NS). Many examples are presented. Distinctions between NS and IFS are underlined.

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems (NSS) is an academic journal, published quarterly online and on paper, that has been created for publications of advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics etc. and their applications in any field.

Papers on neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic probability, plithogenic set, paradoxism, neutrosophic set, NeutroAlgebra, etc. and their applications.

“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.