Movement disorders in children: an update with video recordings covers a wide range of disease conditions that are characterized by involuntary movements possibly associated with signs of more diffuse dysfunction of the nervous system. These include both genetically determined and acquired conditions, running a clinical course that may be progressive, static, or paroxysmal. Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the movement disorders of children. There has been an increase in our understanding of the pathogenesis of these disorders, and new perspectives for their diagnosis and treatment have emerged. This book aims to provide neurologists, paediatricians, and specialists in developmental medicine with a comprehensive update on these issues. The more recent advances on dystonias, neurotransmitter disorders, chorea and PANDAS, tics and Tourette syndrome, paroxysmal dyskinesias, psychogenetic movement disorders and other specific syndromes and diseases—such as opsoclonus-myoclonus, rapid onset dystonia-parkinsonism, pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration and Rett syndromes—are illustrated, and current topics on genetics, biochemistry, brain imaging, physiological investigations, quantitative assessment, and the pharmacological and surgical treatment of childhood movement disorders are covered. The book also includes rich video documentation which we trust may be a helpful and crucial contribution for all professionals involved in the field of movement disorders, where the correct semiologic definition of the different conditions is one of the most important but problematic steps in the diagnostic work-up.

Movement Disorders in Childhood, Second Edition, provides the most up-to-date information on the diseases and disorders that affect motor control, an important area of specialization within child neurology. Over the past several decades, advances in genetics, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and other areas of neuroscience have provided new understanding of the underlying etiologies and mechanisms of these conditions as well as new opportunities for more accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. This new edition builds upon the success of the first edition, with comprehensive scientific and clinical updates of all chapters. In addition, there are new chapters on hereditary spastic paraplegia, quantitative motor assessments, autoimmune disorders, and movement disorders in the developmental neuropsychiatric disorders ADHD, OCD, and autism. Additional materials are provided on the latest in drug treatments, computer based strategies for genetic diagnosis, and helpful videos for phenomenology. - Provides the only current reference specifically focused on childhood movement disorders - Investigates the underlying etiologies and mechanisms of these disorders - Completely revised and updated with new materials and a more disease-oriented approach - New coverage of genetics and movement disorders, immunology and movement disorders, and an introduction to the latest quantitative analysis - New videos of instructive and unusual childhood movement disorders - 2016 BMA Medical Book Awards Highly Commended in Neurology

This book represents the final work of the late Professor C. David Marsden, who was the most influential figure in the field of movement disorders, in terms of his contributions to both research and clinical practice, in the modern era. It was conceived and written by David Marsden and his colleague at the Institute of Neurology, Prof. Ivan Donaldson. It was their intention that this would be the most comprehensive book on movement disorders and also that it would serve as the 'clinical Bible' for the management of these conditions. It provides a masterly survey of the entire topic, which has been made possible only by vast laboratory and bedside experience. Marsden's Book of Movement Disorders covers the full breadth of movement disorders, from the underlying anatomy and understanding of basal ganglia function to the diagnosis and management of specific movement disorders, including the more common conditions such as Parkinson's Disease through to rare, and very rare conditions such as Niemann-Pick disease. Chapters follow a structured format with historical overviews, definitions, clinical features, differential diagnosis, investigations and treatment covered in a structured way. It is extensively illustrated with many original photographs and diagrams of historical significance. Among these illustrations are still images of some original film clips of some of Dr. Marsden's patients published here for the first time. Comprehensively referenced and updated by experts from the Institute of Neurology at Queen Square, this book is a valuable reference for, not just movement disorder specialists and researchers, but also for clinicians who care for patients with movement disorders.

A detailed review of the links between the neuronal networks and the development of cognitive and behavioural functions. This book focuses on the three following parts of the brain: - The frontal lobe: this section concentrates on anatomy, mirror neurons, memory, executive functions, the neuropsychology of frontal lobe epilepsy and the resolution of social problems which can occur as a result of brain damage. - The limbic system: this second part looks at neuro-anatomical organisation and the core functions of the hippocampus and amygdala, problems of language, music, emotions or autism. - The visuocognitive system: the last one summarizes the visual field problems associated with focal lesions, the correlation with neuro-imagery and visual impairment in children born prematurely.

This book provides a comprehensive review and update of the newest diagnostic and therapeutic tools in paediatric neurology. Special attention is paid to neuroradiologic and neurophysiologic techniques and to their clinical application, with guidelines and suggestions on how an integrated approach can be used to reach diagnosis. Some of the chapters focus on the new-born infant and the first years of life, highlighting the most appropriate MRI, clinical, and EEG techniques to investigate the developing brain. State-of-the-art techniques used in older children are also presented that afford a better understanding of the correlation between function and brain structure in young patients with brain lesions. New genetic discoveries are particularly emphasised, as is the possibility of performing accurate phenotype -- genotype correla-tion by combining the latest methods, such as muscle MRI and genetic information, in order to identify MRI patterns associated with specific genetic disorders. In all chapters an effort is made to combine technical data with clinical applications in order to show, when possible, how these novel procedures can also be used in rehabilitation. This book will be of interest to paediatricians, paediatric neuro-logists, neonatologists, and to all those who are involved in the diagnosis and care of children with neurologic disabilities.

Advances in the neurocognitive sciences, aided by increased imaging power, have extensively confirmed that during early development specific areas of a child's brain are designed to process specific functions -- neurologic, cognitive, linguistic, motoric, and visuospatial, among others -- and that this processing involves globally complex interconnections with other areas distributed throughout the brain: a lesion in a given area interferes with the functioning and coherence of the stem as a whole. This volume discusses the consequences of early brain injury to many parts of the brain, including the basal ganglia, with their related disorders of aphasia, OCD, and AD/HD, as well as white matter and its associated neuro-psychological impairment of intelligence, language, and visuoperception. The corpus callosum and cerebellum are studied as they relate to learning motor sequences and language as well as communication disorders and social behaviour. This book also looks at mirror neurons as they affect the understanding of others' intentions and the development of empathy and gestural and other forms of language. The implications of these findings are examined since they have a critical effect on the rehabilitative and educational efforts that are being designed to mitigate the effects of early brain lesions on the growing child.

In the first two years of life, several important and interlinked neurological functions develop; this is a decisive developmental period. Neurological disorders arising in early childhood therefore require special attention and should be defined precisely. To be understood and managed correctly, these disorders (epilepsy, cerebral lesions, tumours, nerve damage, etc.) must be considered as a whole. By compartmentalizing the disorders and only focusing on a certain number of them, physicians run the risk of neglecting others which could have been useful in reaching a more accurate diagnosis. Written by neuropaediatricians with the aim of sharing their knowledge, this book is the only one of its kind to date to explore, in such detail, all the factors which have the potential to perturb neurological development.

This volume is based on a highly successful conference dedicated to “Perinatal brain damage:from pathogenesis to neuroprotection ”. Neonatologists, paediatricians, paediatric neurologists, obstetricians, basic researchers involved in neurosciences, as well as rehabilitation professionals, will be interested by this ensuing publication. The volume covers pathogenic aspects of brain lesions occurring in the fetal and neonatal period, and addresses the issues of diagnostic workup and treatment.The most authoritative basic researchers, clinicians, and specialists in the field of neuroimaging, provide chapters on recent clinical advances. A subject of particular importance is the neurological vulnerability of the preterm infant, which also touches on ethical aspects of the care of high-risk preterm babies and those born from multiple pregnancies. A particularly original session focuses on cerebral white matter and the many issues related to this crucial part of the developing brain. Experts also deal with cerebral visual impairment, motor development, cognitive function, and the mechanisms underlying the neuronal plasticity of the infant’s brain. Concepts of neuroprotection are also outlined, based on pharmacological agents tested on experimental animals and the best drugs used to treat neonatal convulsions.

Autism is an extremely complex neurodevelopmental disorder that is expressed in a spectrum of phenotypes and is characterized by impaired reciprocal social communication and stereotyped patterns of interests and activities. Its aetiopathogenesis remains poorly understood. This book is an exhaustive synthesis discussing various aspects: - A focus on the neurobiology of autism: the candidate genes implicate an involvement of numerous brain regions and a concomitant malfunctioning of neurotransmitter, immunologic, and other mechanisms. - The most incisive rehabilitation models in their original formulation and the results achieved with the same or similar protocols in Italian centres (understanding, educating, language therapy, social skill training…) - The psychopharmacologic options for the condition of autism per se and for its associated, very frequent, comorbidities. It suggests a potential influence on professional practice and enables an up-to-date approach to effective diagnosis and treatment.