This book explores the legal culture of nineteenth-century Mexico and explains why liberal institutions flourished in some social settings but not others.

There is a grain of truth to every Aspen legend which subtly augments the unique mystique of this adulated mountain Mecca. Aspen is a collection of the notable and the notorious, the famous and the infamous, and those who live by chicanery while socially conscious tycoons surreptitiously ogle each other's jets. Extremes of habitation range from the sumptuous castles to the humble abodes yet all residents zealously imbibe the elixir of a blissful nirvana in a Cinderella setting. It is a perennial stage for mind boggling incidents of movie stars shooting disenchanted lovers, gonzo journalists shooting themselves, physicists grappling with sub atomic particles while writing cookbooks and divorced Red Mountain piranhas disciplining their wayward houseboys. Everyone has their favorite reminiscence which they have deliciously nourished and disseminated. There are many tall tales, hyperbolical exaggerations, mesmerizing myths, macho posturing; all heavily embellished during the many years of amusing, audacious spectacles and overflowing buckets of Red Onion frothy libations. Recently, this electrifying recollection of a lamentable Aspen episode was guilefully coaxed out of a reluctant, aging powder hound by his spellbound audience in the desolation of the Canadian Bugaboos after a memorable heli-skiing day caressing the crystalline fluff. Whether this story is fact, fiction or fantasy, a discreet mention of it in hushed tones still raises a few gray eyebrows of those from previous generations.

What would America look like if the liberals ultimately triumph, say by the year 2050? "WTF! This is a Liberal Utopia!" - a satire on liberalism, all the unintended consequences of this heart felt way of looking at the world around oneself, usually in the cloistered halls of academia, some government agency, some left-wing, nonprofit activist organization and, or congress. A really fantabulous glimpse at what the future holds when these magnificent, starry-eyed wonders finally come out on top! By 2050, America will have gone through some slight changes thus resulting in many really noteworthy phenomena. For one, there is no longer any need for elections: there will be a "Forever President" whose last name could be 'Castro.' Furthermore, odds are 'welfare moms' will have largely replaced small business enterprises with their monthly, government stipends; most Americans will as likely as not have never worked, because it is distinctly possible that there won't be any save for those "shovel ready jobs" the Democrats will in all likelihood keep bringing up. Gaia, Mother Earth, will have probably been rescued from the threatening effects of “Global Warming,” “Global Cooling,” and “Climate Change,” by turning to more agrarian economy where ‘maze’ is likely to be the cornerstone. For those lucky enough to own wheeled transportation, they will likely be driving around in either battery-powered, bubble cars made of styrofoam, or Latino lowriders which might look a lot like sparklers driving along the potholed highways of tomorrow. The English language will have been replaced by local, cultural colloquialisms with phonetics playing the principle role for making up words and phrases and writing them out. All this and more will be seen through the eyes of one of those liberal visionaries, an Ivy League English Professor whose name is Felix Schwartz; the narrator, the author and “the reader.” A glimpse into our wondrous future and what awaits us all when the magnificent munificents are finally given the reins to take America down that ‘Yellow Brick Road’ to their utopian, imaginary 'World of OZ.' "WTF! This is a Liberal Utopia!"

In this context Rawls challenges us to see the world through the lens of fairness. Injustice can only be effectively challenged if we can articulate, to ourselves and to others, both why a situation is unjust and how we might move towards justice. Political philosophy at its best offers both an answer to the why of injustice and the how of political and economic change. --

The first part of this fascinating book outlines the dreams of liberal economics and political scientists. The thinkers sketch out frameworks for policy, which, in increasing the domain for individual action, will give rise to beneficial results and lead to a better and more prosperous soceity. The second part of the book shows how an earlier generation of liberal economists turned ideas into action. Led by Ralph Harris and Arthur Seldon, the authors writing for the IEA helped to turn back the tide of collectivism by exposing its intellectual failings.

Political journalist Paul Berman recounts four episodes in the history of a generation: student radicalism of the years around 1968; the birth of gay liberation and modern identity politics; the anti-Communist trajectory in the Eastern bloc; and the ideals and self-criticism of thinkers in America and in France, who debated the meaning of these events. A "New York Times" Notable Book.

From her position at Harvard University's Department of Government for over thirty-five years, Judith Shklar (1928-92) taught a long list of prominent political theorists and published prolifically in the domains of modern and American political thought. She was a highly original theorist of liberalism, possessing a broad and deep knowledge of intellectual history, which informed her writing in interesting and unusual ways. Her work emerged between the "end of ideology" discussions of the 1950s and the "end of history" debate of the early 1990s. Shklar contributed significantly to social and political thought by arguing for a new, more skeptical version of liberalism that brought political theory into close contact with real-life experience. The essays collected in Between Utopia and Realism reflect on and refract Shklar's major preoccupations throughout a lifetime of thinking and demonstrate the ways in which her work illuminates contemporary debates across political theory, international relations, and law. Contributors address Shklar's critique of Cold War liberalism, interpretation of Montaigne and its connection to her genealogy of liberal morals, lectures on political obligation, focus on cruelty, and her late reflections on exile. Others consider her role as a legal theorist, her interest in literary tropes and psychological experience, and her famed skepticism. Between Utopia and Realism showcases Shklar's approach to addressing the intractable problems of social life. Her finely honed political skepticism emphasized the importance of diagnosing problems over proffering excessively optimistic solutions. As this collection makes clear, her thought continues to be useful in addressing cruelty, limiting injustice, and combating the cynicism of the present moment. Contributors: Samantha Ashenden, Hannes Bajohr, James Brown, Katrina Forrester, Volker M. Heins, Andreas Hess, Samuel Moyn, Thomas Osborne, William E. Scheuerman, Quentin Skinner, Philip Spencer, Tracy B. Strong, Kamila Stullerova, Bernard Yack.

Human rights offer a vision of international justice that today’s idealistic millions hold dear. Yet the very concept on which the movement is based became familiar only a few decades ago when it profoundly reshaped our hopes for an improved humanity. In this pioneering book, Samuel Moyn elevates that extraordinary transformation to center stage and asks what it reveals about the ideal’s troubled present and uncertain future. For some, human rights stretch back to the dawn of Western civilization, the age of the American and French Revolutions, or the post–World War II moment when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was framed. Revisiting these episodes in a dramatic tour of humanity’s moral history, The Last Utopia shows that it was in the decade after 1968 that human rights began to make sense to broad communities of people as the proper cause of justice. Across eastern and western Europe, as well as throughout the United States and Latin America, human rights crystallized in a few short years as social activism and political rhetoric moved it from the hallways of the United Nations to the global forefront. It was on the ruins of earlier political utopias, Moyn argues, that human rights achieved contemporary prominence. The morality of individual rights substituted for the soiled political dreams of revolutionary communism and nationalism as international law became an alternative to popular struggle and bloody violence. But as the ideal of human rights enters into rival political agendas, it requires more vigilance and scrutiny than when it became the watchword of our hopes.

A political philosophy classic from one of the foremost political thinkers of the twentieth century After Utopia was Judith Shklar’s first book, a harbinger of her renowned career in political philosophy. Throughout the many changes in political thought during the last half century, this important work has withstood the test of time. In After Utopia, Shklar explores the decline of political philosophy, from Enlightenment optimism to modern cultural despair, and she offers a critical, creative analysis of this downward trend. She looks at Romantic and Christian social thought, and she shows that while the present political fatalism may be unavoidable, the prophets of despair have failed to explain the world they so dislike, leaving the possibility of a new and vigorous political philosophy. With a foreword by Samuel Moyn, examining After Utopia’s continued relevance, this current edition introduces a remarkable synthesis of ideas to a new generation of readers.