The development of the F-5 lightweight supersonic fighter in the mid 1950s was almost a gamble for the Northrop Corporation, but ultimately resulted in one of most commercially successful combat aircraft in modern history. Iran was one of its major export customers, yet the long and often violent history of deployment of the F-5 in that country has largely escaped attention of historians. No less than 309 aircraft of five major variants of the jet - the F-5A, F-5B, RF-5A, F-5E and F-5F - have provided the backbone of the front line strength of the Iranian Air Force since the mid 1960s. Additional examples were clandestinely purchased from Ethiopia and Vietnam in the 1980s. The type bore the brunt of combat operations during the long war with Iraq, 1980-1988, and remains a mainstay of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force as of today. This breathtaking account provides a detailed chronological history of the F-5 in combat service in Iran, a history dominated by long-range strikes against some of best defended targets inside Iraq, and by thousands of dramatic close-air-support and reconnaissance sorties, but also fierce air combats against the then most modern fighter types in Iraqi service, including the MiG-23s and MiG-25s. It is completed with practically unknown stories of their combat presence in Pakistan, Afghanistan and the war against drug traffickers in recent years. Good though the F-5 has been, the advances of domestic Iranian aircraft building companies have resulted in attempts to continue the F-5 line with further redesign and developments, resulting in a number of indigenous variants. Combined, this means that the diverse and involved story about one of most interesting military aircraft of modern times is still far from over. The author's detailed text is fully supported by an extensive selection of photographs and color profiles. Middle East@War - following on from our highly successful Africa@War series, Middle East@War replicates the same format - concise, incisive text, rare images and high quality color artwork providing fresh accounts of both well-known and more esoteric aspects of conflict in this part of the world since 1945.

The Iran-Iraq War is one of the largest, yet least documented conflicts in the history of the Middle East. Drawing from an extensive cache of captured Iraqi government records, this book is the first comprehensive military and strategic account of the war through the lens of the Iraqi regime and its senior military commanders. It explores the rationale and decision-making processes that drove the Iraqis as they grappled with challenges that, at times, threatened their existence. Beginning with the bizarre lack of planning by the Iraqis in their invasion of Iran, the authors reveal Saddam's desperate attempts to improve the competence of an officer corps that he had purged to safeguard its loyalty to his tyranny, and then to weather the storm of suicidal attacks by Iranian religious revolutionaries. This is a unique and important contribution to our understanding of the history of war and the contemporary Middle East.

Tigers of the Tigris: An American Advisor's Journey Through Culture, Religion and Intrigue in Building the Iraqi Armyis a remarkable memoir of a military advisor with a military advisory team referred to as a Military Transition Team (MiTT) in Iraq. It is required reading for those interested in understanding how U.S. forces used military advisory teams to achieve unity of effort to build legitimacy and strengthen security forces. It is also required reading to understand Iraqi cultural and religious aspects and the center of gravity for the war - the concept of winning and changing of hearts and minds in Iraq. The author carries readers behind closed doors to witness negotiations, intrigue and the struggle to win the hearts and minds of local sheikhs and religious leaders. He describes meetings with prominent religious leaders such as Abd El Azziz Al Hakim, the head of the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq and Ayatollah Hussein Al Sadr, a powerful Shi'a cleric in Baghdad. Experience the daunting tasks faced by the MiTT to advise, coach, teach and mentor Iraqi security forces and provide direct access to coalition capabilities such as fire support, medical evacuation, and intelligence gathering. Enjoy the sweet success in getting the first Iraqi Army Brigade to achieve full responsibility for its own battle sector in Iraq. Live through what it is like dealing with sectarian problems between the Sunni Arab majority who had held power for many centuries and the Shi'a Arabs, the nation's long-repressed majority. Understand the role that culture and religion play in Iraqi society and how American soldiers adapted to overcome these problems. Tigers of the Tigrisis an informative read that provides first-hand accounts from military advisors in the field who go about their day-to-day duties of both fighting the insurgents and winning hearts and minds of Iraqis. "There has been a lot written about day to day combat operations, but this book will take you inside the little publicized effort to build an Iraqi force for stabilizing the country. It is a must read if you have someone in Iraq or if you just want to know what it is like for an American soldier in Iraq working side by side with Iraqi soldiers to build a new Army." Stephen E. Henthorne, FRUSI Senior Advisor, Civil-Military Centre of Excellence (CCOE-NATO), Joint-Interagency-Multinational Stability Operations (Joint CA/CIMIC/CMO Interoperability) "An insightful book. Tigers of the Tigrisprovides not only an exciting memoir of an American military advisor, but also a manual for effective counterinsurgency. Through personal stories the author describes the impact of culture and religion and the ever important non-lethal interaction with Iraqi citizens." Huntington Blair (Hunt) Downer, Major General, Louisiana Army National Guard. "Mark Kerry has opened a window into the cultural inner-workings of Iraqi society and its army that illuminate the challenges Iraqis are facing in rebuilding their society as free and democratic. He also illustrates the cultural undercurrents that lead to phenomena that otherwise mystify a Western observer. Kerry's book is a must-read for American officers detailed to advisory positions. I also recommend it as an exemplar of a model of counterinsurgency that demonstrates the considerable gains made from simply visiting religious and tribal opinion leaders, answering their questions and addressing their concerns, and persuading them to support the goals and activities of the counterinsurgent." Dr. Adam Shilling

From 1980 to 1988, Iran and Iraq fought the longest conventional war of the twentieth century. The tragedies included the slaughter of child soldiers, the use of chemical weapons, the striking of civilian shipping in the Gulf, and the destruction of cities. The Iran-Iraq War offers an unflinching look at a conflict seared into the region’s collective memory but little understood in the West. Pierre Razoux shows why this war remains central to understanding Middle Eastern geopolitics, from the deep-rooted distrust between Sunni and Shia Muslims, to Iran’s obsession with nuclear power, to the continuing struggles in Iraq. He provides invaluable keys to decipher Iran’s behavior and internal struggle today. Razoux’s account is based on unpublished military archives, oral histories, and interviews, as well as audio recordings seized by the U.S. Army detailing Saddam Hussein’s debates with his generals. Tracing the war’s shifting strategies and political dynamics—military operations, the jockeying of opposition forces within each regime, the impact on oil production so essential to both countries—Razoux also looks at the international picture. From the United States and Soviet Union to Israel, Europe, China, and the Arab powers, many nations meddled in this conflict, supporting one side or the other and sometimes switching allegiances. The Iran-Iraq War answers questions that have puzzled historians. Why did Saddam embark on this expensive, ultimately fruitless conflict? Why did the war last eight years when it could have ended in months? Who, if anyone, was the true winner when so much was lost?

Deep in the Arizona desert, U.S. Army developers have built a tank the likes of which the world has never known, dubbed the "Tommy Gun." But in a carefully orchestrated attack, Iranian terrorists have captured all the Tommy prototypes and hidden them somewhere in Mexico-along with the project leader, the only one who can activate the tanks. Now, CIA officer Luke Dodd and a team of Green Berets must infiltrate the Iranians' stronghold and take back the ultimate armored weapon.

Presenting a fascinating insider's view of U.S.A.F. special operations, this volume brings to life the critical contributions these forces have made to the exercise of air & space power. Focusing in particular on the period between the Korean War & the Indochina wars of 1950-1979, the accounts of numerous missions are profusely illustrated with photos & maps. Includes a discussion of AF operations in Europe during WWII, as well as profiles of Air Commandos who performed above & beyond the call of duty. Reflects on the need for financial & political support for restoration of the forces. Bibliography. Extensive photos & maps. Charts & tables.

Statement of responsibility taken from cover.

Designed by Sydney Camm as a swept wing, daytime interceptor with excellent maneuverability, the Hunter became the first jet aircraft manufactured by Hawker for the Royal Air Force. It set numerous aviation records and saw widespread service with a large number of RAF units in Europe and abroad. When the Royal Air Force received newer aircraft capable of supersonic speeds to perform the interceptor duties, many Hunters were modified and re-equipped for ground-attack and reconnaissance missions instead. Because they were deemed surplus to British requirements, most of these were subsequently refurbished and exported to foreign customers - so also to Iraq and Jordan. Hawker Hunters at War covers every aspect of Hunter's service in the two countries, from in-depth coverage of negotiations related to their export to Iraq and Jordan, to all-important details of their operational service during 1958-67. It culminates in detailed examination of their role in the June 1967 Arab-Israeli War (also known as the 'Six Days War') and extensive tables listing all aircraft delivered and their fates. Almost entirely based on interviews with retired commanding officers and pilots of the former Royal Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Force and Royal Jordanian Air Force - as well as plenty of unpublished official documents from British, Iraqi and Jordanian archives - the narrative is providing an unprecedented insight into a number of contemporary affairs. Profusely illustrated with well over 100 photographs and 15 color profiles showing all aspects of camouflage, markings and various equipment, Hawker Hunters at War is the ultimate profile of Hunter's colorful and action-packed service in Iraq and Jordan during a period when this legendary type formed the backbone of local air forces.

From acclaimed aviation historian Michael Napier, this is a highly illustrated survey of the aerial fighting in the flashpoints of the Cold War. The Cold War years were a period of unprecedented peace in Europe, yet they also saw a number of localised but nonetheless very intense wars throughout the wider world in which air power played a vital role. Flashpoints describes eight of these Cold War conflicts: the Suez Crisis of 1956, the Congo Crisis of 1960–65, the Indo-Pakistan Wars of 1965 and 1971, the Arab-Israeli Wars of 1967 and 1973, the Falklands War of 1982 and the Iran–Iraq War of 1980–88. In all of them both sides had a credible air force equipped with modern types, and air power shaped the final outcome. Acclaimed aviation historian Michael Napier details the wide range of aircraft types used and the development of tactics over the period. The postwar years saw a revolution in aviation technology and design, particularly in the fields of missile development and electronic warfare, and these conflicts saw some of the most modern technology that the NATO and Warsaw Pact forces deployed, alongside some relatively obscure aircraft types such as the Westland Wyvern and the Folland Gnat. Highly illustrated, with over 240 images and maps, Flashpoints is an authoritative account of the most important air wars of the Cold War.