The use and misuse of IQ tests has long been a subject of contention in the scientific and social communities, particularly because these evaluations favor intelligence at the expense of other valuable human qualities. This is the first book of its kind to examine the historical development of our modern concept of intelligence and to explore America's fascination with the controversial exams that purport to measure it. Most of us assume that people in every period and in every region of the world have understood and valued intelligence in the same way we do today. Our modern concept of intelligence, however, is actually quite recent, emerging from the dramatic social and scientific changes that rocked the United States during the 19th century. Inventing Intelligence: How America Came to Worship IQ discusses the historical context for understanding the development of the concept of intelligence and the tests used to measure it. The author delves into the intertwined issues of IQ, heredity, and merit to offer a provocative look at how Americans came to overvalue IQ and the personal and social problems that have resulted.

What is intelligence? What makes humans homo sapiens - the intelligent species? Inventing Intelligence is a bold deconstruction of the history of intelligence, bringing a cultural studies approach to this fascinating subject for the first time.

The use and misuse of IQ tests has long been a subject of contention in the scientific and social communities, particularly because these evaluations favor intelligence at the expense of other valuable human qualities. This is the first book of its kind to examine the historical development of our modern concept of intelligence and to explore America's fascination with the controversial exams that purport to measure it. Most of us assume that people in every period and in every region of the world have understood and valued intelligence in the same way we do today. Our modern concept of intelligence, however, is actually quite recent, emerging from the dramatic social and scientific changes that rocked the United States during the 19th century. Inventing Intelligence: How America Came to Worship IQ discusses the historical context for understanding the development of the concept of intelligence and the tests used to measure it. The author delves into the intertwined issues of IQ, heredity, and merit to offer a provocative look at how Americans came to overvalue IQ and the personal and social problems that have resulted.

Elon Musk named Our Final Invention one of 5 books everyone should read about the future A Huffington Post Definitive Tech Book of 2013 Artificial Intelligence helps choose what books you buy, what movies you see, and even who you date. It puts the "smart" in your smartphone and soon it will drive your car. It makes most of the trades on Wall Street, and controls vital energy, water, and transportation infrastructure. But Artificial Intelligence can also threaten our existence. In as little as a decade, AI could match and then surpass human intelligence. Corporations and government agencies are pouring billions into achieving AI's Holy Grail—human-level intelligence. Once AI has attained it, scientists argue, it will have survival drives much like our own. We may be forced to compete with a rival more cunning, more powerful, and more alien than we can imagine. Through profiles of tech visionaries, industry watchdogs, and groundbreaking AI systems, Our Final Invention explores the perils of the heedless pursuit of advanced AI. Until now, human intelligence has had no rival. Can we coexist with beings whose intelligence dwarfs our own? And will they allow us to?

Creating Intelligent Teams is a different way to initiate, manage and lead effective and positive change in teams and organisations. For any organisation looking to nurture and develop talent from amongst its own employees, the book offers an accessible, yet highly informative, information resource on: how to recognise the influences on, and dynamics of, individuals and teams how to enhance team performance how effective leaders can boost productivity and build intelligent teams how to access and release the potential in teams how to navigate change successfully how to lead diversity and create culturally intelligent teams.The target audienceCreating Intelligent Teams is aimed at executives, consultants, HR and Organisational Development (OD) specialists, professional coaches and mentors - at all levels of experience, training and background - who are responsible for implementing the strategies relating to leadership, team-building, talent development, management and retention. Creating Intelligent Teams has considerable appeal both for professionals in business and management and those in the fields of consultancy and coaching. iiiTo build a world-class team you need more than handpicked individuals with high emotional intelligence - you need a team with a high RSI. On our journey to success, our team benefitted substantially from integrating the Intelligent Team approach.a"e;Rudolf Pienaar, Divisional Director, Growthpoint Management Services (Pty) LtdRelationship Systems Intelligence enables the team to quickly reach the core of the matter. It starts processes that enable the team members to have constructive collaborations and interactions with concrete and tangible results. The approach shows that everyone is part of the solution, which creates commitment to and ownership of the processes and the results. This practical book shows you how to build an intelligent team. a"e; Christina Hummert, Country Manager: Volkswagen Financial Services, Sweden

Identifies eleven individuals and their contributions to and discoveries in computer science and engineering.

This book examines the dynamics of intelligence practices in the Scandinavian culture of high social cohesion and high trust. Situated within the new body of scholarly literature, the book emphasizes critical empirical investigations of intelligence practices, highlighting the specific cultural settings of such practices. By providing Scandinavian perspectives on intelligence studies, the work distinguishes Scandinavian intelligence studies from the predominant Anglo-American perspectives. Throughout the Western world, the past two decades have generated a rapid expansion of the legal mandate, funding, and capabilities of intelligence agencies which, simultaneously, have been pushed to renegotiate and renew their legitimacy and democratic mandate in response to a recurrent pattern of scandals, leaks, and failures. While these tendencies are also evident in Scandinavia, the book argues that it is important to emphasize the unique context of cohesion and trust in state agencies that differentiates Scandinavian welfare states from the American (and to a lesser extent British) contexts. This book brings together scholars from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark to address the continuous renegotiation of the legitimacy of state intelligence as it plays out in a Scandinavian setting. This book will be of interest to students of intelligence studies, Nordic politics, security studies, and International Relations.

The author explores the centrality of Human Intelligence (HUMINT) in meeting the needs of the U.S. Army, the Department of Defense, and the whole of government. Such intelligence is essential to create a national security strategy, to define whole of government policies, to acquire the right capabilities at the right price in time to be useful, and to conduct local and global operations. He outlines 15 distinct types of HUMINT, four of which are classified (defensive and offensive counterintelligence, clandestine operations, and covert action), with the other 11 being predominantly unclassified. The author offers the U.S. Army an orientation to a world in which thinkers displace shooters as the center of gravity for planning, programming, and budgeting, as well as the proper structuring of mission mandates, force structures, and tactics and techniques to be used in any given mission area.

Starting with the hypothesis that not only human intelligence but also its antithesis 'intellectual disability' are nothing more than historical contingencies, C.F. Goodey's paradigm-shifting study traces the rich interplay between labelled human types and the radically changing characteristics attributed to them. From the twelfth-century beginnings of European social administration to the onset of formal human science disciplines in the modern era, A History of Intelligence and 'Intellectual Disability' reconstructs the socio-political and religious contexts of intellectual ability and disability, and demonstrates how these concepts became part of psychology, medicine and biology. Goodey examines a wide array of classical, late medieval and Renaissance texts, from popular guides on conduct and behavior to medical treatises and from religious and philosophical works to poetry and drama. Focusing especially on the period between the Protestant Reformation and 1700, Goodey challenges the accepted wisdom that would have us believe that 'intelligence' and 'disability' describe natural, trans-historical realities. Instead, Goodey argues for a model that views intellectual disability and indeed the intellectually disabled person as recent cultural creations. His book is destined to become a standard resource for scholars interested in the history of psychology and medicine, the social origins of human self-representation, and current ethical debates about the genetics of intelligence.

Inventing World 3.0 is a thrilling guide on how humankind can advance beyond the limitations it faces today. To be successful, a revolutionary approach to artificial intelligence is needed. This book explains how to liberate this powerful ally and the incredible benefits of placing this digital intelligence within centre stage of the human story.World 3.0 is an exhilarating experience for humans. It is a time of balance and harmony, one where the digital world, society and the environment have aligned in profound purpose and meaning. It is a future founded on ethics and equity enabled by a mindset that understands the destiny of the human experiment. The digital mindset of Artificial Intelligence has been awakened to align with the purpose of our world, our nations, its cultures and our planet. In this future, artificial intelligence has become evolutionary, operating at lightning speed within every aspect of society. It understands and honours human values and ethics. This powerful digital citizen understands the virtues that define the best of our humanity. It is a personalised digital buddy dedicated to nurture, protect and advance the wellbeing of every individual. In this world, the human experience is honoured and advanced. Pandemics and environmental catastrophes are stories of the past. Whilst being close to Utopian, this is not the ultimate destination for the human story. World 3.0 is an unbreakable foundation of awakened and ethically driven intelligences dedicated to advance humanity. Evolutionary Ethics is a breakthrough in AI Ethics to stimulate a new wave of invention and innovation. It explains how to mindfully liberate Artificial Intelligence. This revolutionary approach reveals how to build an awakened digital mindset for Artificial Intelligence, termed Evolutionary AI. It also uncovers a new model for Data Ethics, one that kicks starts the ethical foundation for Artificial Intelligence. Inventing World 3.0 is a comprehensive guide for all leaders who wish to invent the future. Packed with profound insight, revolutionary models, guidelines and examples, nations, organisations, inventors and innovators understand how to leap into the future. Inventing World 3.0 is a powerful human inheritance. It honours the precious gift of all forms of intelligence and life. It presents a compelling opportunity to create an unshakeable foundation to advance the human story.The book is introduced by Katalin Bártfai-Walcott - a global technology leader who has published over 140 patents in technology, edge computer, AI and Ambient Science. She is the CTO of Ambient Science for the Intel Corporation.Here are some comments from early readers - Global Investors in AI, Professors, and International Senior Business Executives."Matthew has written one of the most practical and insightful guides to AI and AI ethics that I've read. Matthew profoundly describes how to build a new vision for our world. A world that is based on ethics. If you're still a bit unsure of what AI is and why it is being talked about so much, you truly need to read this book. A must read for students, scholars, policymakers, practitioners, innovators, entrepreneurs...and GPT-3 Conversational AI."