Inositol phosphates are a group of organic compounds found widely in the natural environment. They are important in agriculture because they constitute most of the phosphorus in grain seeds, but they cannot be digested by some animals. As a result, considerable research has been directed towards improving the digestibility of inositol phosphates in animal diets. Inositol phosphates are also abundant in soils and water bodies, yet a clear understanding of their behaviour in the environment remains elusive. This is surprising given the importance of phosphorus in the nutrition of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Written by leading experts, this book brings together critical reviews on inositol phosphates in agriculture, ecology, and the environment. The sixteen chapters cover a diverse range of topics, including the synthesis and hydrolysis of inositol phosphates, their role in animal nutrition, and their fate in soils and aquatic ecosystems. It will prove valuable to a wide readership in the agricultural and biological sciences, and will serve as a unique reference source on this emerging topic.

Provides a high level reference source for scientists engaged in any aspect of plant research - chemistry, biochemistry or physiology - with primary focus on the chemistry of phosphorus-containing compounds that occur naturally in the plant kingdom, and specifically in the higher plants (Plantae). The book is comprehensive with respect to nomenclature, physical properties, and distribution worldwide. There are many tables of actual data on phosphorus compounds occurring in whole plants and parts of plants. The tables provide detailed data that is needed by the food industry, agriculture, etc as many of the phosphorus compounds are common to both plants and animals. Two appendices cover other aspects including changes in phosphorus-containing compounds during germination and their accumulation during growth and senescence. The final sections of the book comprise separate indexes of plants, compounds and authors. - Comprehensive examination of phosphorus compounds found in plants - Extensive tables listing types of compounds and their occurrence in plants including: Nomenclature; Occurrence; Physical Properties; Synthesis; Hydrolysis; Phosphorylation; Extraction; Separation and Analysis - Easy to use indexes of plants, compounds and authors

This new volume examines the synthesis, biochemistry, and pharmacological evaluation aspects of design compounds with therapeutic effects. Two overview chapters provide comprehensive background information on stereochemistry and nomenclature of inositol phosphates, basic biochemistry, synthetic challenges, and related pharmacology. Subsequent chapters describe novel methods of preparation, including the use of unusual starting materials and mediation by microorganisms, therapeutic potential and bioactivity, and structure-activity relationships.

This book brings together critical reviews on inositol phosphates in agriculture, ecology, and the environment. It includes 16 chapters covering a diverse range of topics, including the synthesis and hydrolysis of inositol phosphates, their role in animal nutrition, and their fate in soils and aquatic ecosystems.

Chemical Tools for Imaging, Manipulating, and Tracking Biological Systems: Diverse Methods for Optical Imaging and Conjugation, Volume 639, the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this new release include Fluorogenic detection of protein aggregates in live cells using the AggTag method, Synthesis and Application of Ratiometric Probes for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection, Chemical Tools for Multicolor Protein FRET with Tryptophan, Fluorescing Isofunctional Ribonucleosides for Adenosine Deaminase Activity and Inhibition, Temporal profiling establishes a dynamic S-palmitoylation cycle, Solvation-guided design of fluorescent probes for discrimination of amyloids, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series Includes the latest information on retinoid signaling pathways

Inositol metabolism has special importance in plant biology.

This valuable resource provides a systematic account of the biochemistry of smooth muscle contraction. As a comprehensive guide to this rapidly growing area of research, it covers the structure and characteristic properties of contractile and regulatory proteins, with special emphasis on their predicted function in the live muscle. Also included in this book are intermediate filament proteins, and desmin and vimentin, whose function in smooth muscle is unknown; and several enzymes involved in the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of contractile and other proteins.

This second edition of Medical Biochemistry is supported by more than 45 years of teaching experience, providing coverage of basic biochemical topics, including the structural, physical, and chemical properties of water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. In addition, the general aspects of thermodynamics, enzymes, bioenergetics, and metabolism are presented in straightforward and easy-to-comprehend language. This book ties these concepts into more complex aspects of biochemistry using a systems approach, dedicating chapters to the integral study of biological phenomena, including cell membrane structure and function, gene expression and regulation, protein synthesis and post-translational modifications, metabolism in specific organs and tissues, autophagy, cell receptors, signal transduction pathways, biochemical bases of endocrinology, immunity, vitamins and minerals, and hemostasis. The field of biochemistry is continuing to grow at a fast pace. This edition has been revised and expanded with all-new sections on the cell plasma membrane, the human microbiome, autophagy, noncoding, small and long RNAs, epigenetics, genetic diseases, virology and vaccines, cell signaling, and different modes of programmed cell death. The book has also been updated with full-color figures, new tables, chapter summaries, and further medical examples to improve learning and better illustrate the concepts described and their clinical significance. - Integrates basic biochemistry principles with molecular biology and molecular physiology - Illustrates basic biochemical concepts through medical and physiological examples - Utilizes a systems approach to understanding biological phenomena - Fully updated for recent studies and expanded to include clinically relevant examples and succinct chapter summaries

The Carbohydrates: Chemistry and Biochemistry, Second Edition, Volume IA deals with the chemical and biochemical aspects of carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, sugars, esters, halogen derivatives, phosphates, glycosides, glycosans, alditols, and cyclitols. Topics range from carbohydrate chemistry and stereochemistry to the synthesis of naturally occurring monosaccharides, mutarotations and actions of acids and bases, conformations of sugars, and reactivity of saccharide hydroxyl groups toward esterification. This book consists of 15 chapters that explore the effects of ionizing radiations and autoxidation reactions, physical methods and methods of separation, nucleosides and antibiotics, and the biosynthesis of sugars and complex saccharides. The rapidly growing fields of glycolipids and glycoproteins are also discussed. In addition, the reader is introduced to halogen derivatives such as glycosyl halides and nonanomeric halides, along with the hydrolysis and synthesis of phosphates and other inorganic esters, determination of the structure of glycosides, and the physical and chemical properties of acyclic derivatives. The two final chapters cover the official nomenclature rules for carbohydrates and for enzymes having carbohydrates as substrates. This book will be of interest to chemists and biochemists.

Many of the phospholipases and even the receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate have recently been cloned and sequenced and play an important role in neurotransmission. Methods developed in recent years for the study of the enzymes and intermediates involved in the regulation of neuronal signal transduction involving phospholipid turnover are presented in this volume. Major topics covered include: * Techniques for examining the role of phosphoinositides in signal transduction * Techniques related to protein kinase C * Analysis of inositol phosphates * Techniques to analyze phospholipid turnover in the brain