The book provides some recent works in the study of some infinite-dimensional dynamical systems in atmospheric and oceanic science. It devotes itself to considering some infinite-dimensional dynamical systems in atmospheric and oceanic science, especially in geophysical fluid dynamics. The subject on geophysical fluid dynamics mainly tends to focus on the dynamics of large-scale phenomena in the atmosphere and the oceans. One of the important contents in the dynamics is to study the infinite-dimensional dynamical systems of the atmospheric and oceanic dynamics. The results in the study of some partial differential equations of geophysical fluid dynamics and their corresponding infinite-dimensional dynamical systems are also given.

Quantum hydrodynamics comes from superfluid, superconductivity, semiconductor and so on. Quantum hydrodynamic model describes Helium II superfluid, Bose-Einstein condensation in inert gas, dissipative perturbation of Hamilton-Jacobi system, amplitude and dissipative perturbation of Eikonal quantum wave and so on. Owing to the broad application of quantum hydrodynamic equations, the study of the quantum hydrodynamic equations has aroused the concern of more and more scholars. Based on the above facts, we collected and collated the data of quantum hydrodynamic equations, and studied the concerning mathematical problems.The main contents of this book are: the derivation and mathematical models of quantum hydrodynamic equations, global existence of weak solutions to the compressible quantum hydrodynamic equations, existence of finite energy weak solutions of inviscid quantum hydrodynamic equations, non-isentropic quantum Navier-Stokes equations with cold pressure, boundary problem of compressible quantum Euler-Poisson equations, asymptotic limit to the bipolar quantum hydrodynamic equations.

This book is an introduction to a comprehensive and unified dynamic transition theory for dissipative systems and to applications of the theory to a range of problems in the nonlinear sciences. The main objectives of this book are to introduce a general principle of dynamic transitions for dissipative systems, to establish a systematic dynamic transition theory, and to explore the physical implications of applications of the theory to a range of problems in the nonlinear sciences. The basic philosophy of the theory is to search for a complete set of transition states, and the general principle states that dynamic transitions of all dissipative systems can be classified into three categories: continuous, catastrophic and random. The audience for this book includes advanced graduate students and researchers in mathematics and physics as well as in other related fields.

In 438 alphabetically-arranged essays, this work provides a useful overview of the core mathematical background for nonlinear science, as well as its applications to key problems in ecology and biological systems, chemical reaction-diffusion problems, geophysics, economics, electrical and mechanical oscillations in engineering systems, lasers and nonlinear optics, fluid mechanics and turbulence, and condensed matter physics, among others.

This volume is a research expository article on the applied mathematics of turbulent dynamical systems through the paradigm of modern applied mathematics. It involves the blending of rigorous mathematical theory, qualitative and quantitative modeling, and novel numerical procedures driven by the goal of understanding physical phenomena which are of central importance to the field. The contents cover general framework, concrete examples, and instructive qualitative models. Accessible open problems are mentioned throughout. Topics covered include: · Geophysical flows with rotation, topography, deterministic and random forcing · New statistical energy principles for general turbulent dynamical systems, with applications · Linear statistical response theory combined with information theory to cope with model errors · Reduced low order models · Recent mathematical strategies for online data assimilation of turbulent dynamical systems as well as rigorous results for finite ensemble Kalman filters The volume will appeal to graduate students and researchers working mathematics, physics and engineering and particularly those in the climate, atmospheric and ocean sciences interested in turbulent dynamical as well as other complex systems.

This book contains the most recent progress in data assimilation in meteorology, oceanography and hydrology including land surface. It spans both theoretical and applicative aspects with various methodologies such as variational, Kalman filter, ensemble, Monte Carlo and artificial intelligence methods. Besides data assimilation, other important topics are also covered including targeting observation, sensitivity analysis, and parameter estimation. The book will be useful to individual researchers as well as graduate students for a reference in the field of data assimilation.

The last few years have seen a number of major developments demonstrating that the long-term behavior of solutions of a very large class of partial differential equations possesses a striking resemblance to the behavior of solutions of finite dimensional dynamical systems, or ordinary differential equations. The first of these advances was the discovery that a dissipative PDE has a compact, global attractor with finite Hausdorff and fractal dimensions. More recently, it was shown that some of these PDEs possess a finite dimensional inertial manifold-that is, an invariant manifold containing the attractor and exponentially attractive trajectories. With the improved understanding of the exact connection between finite dimensional dynamical systems and various classes of dissipative PDEs, it is now realistic to hope that the wealth of studies of such topics as bifurcations of finite vector fields and ``strange'' fractal attractors can be brought to bear on various mathematical models, including continuum flows. Surprisingly, a number of distributed systems from continuum mechanics have been found to exhibit the same nontrivial dynamic behavior as observed in low-dimensional dynamical systems. As a natural consequence of these observations, a new direction of research has arisen: detection and analysis of finite dimensional dynamical characteristics of infinite-dimensional systems. This book represents the proceedings of an AMS-IMS-SIAM Summer Research Conference, held in July, 1987 at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Bringing together mathematicians and physicists, the conference provided a forum for presentations on the latest developments in the field and fostered lively interactions on open questions and future directions. With contributions from some of the top experts, these proceedings will provide readers with an overview of this vital area of research.

The book describes what these models are, what they are based on, how they function, and then, most innovatively, how they can be used to generate new useful knowledge about the environmental system. Discusses this generation of knowledge by computer models from an epistemological perspective and illustrates it by numerous examples from applied and fundamental research. Includes ample technical appendices and is a valuable source of information for graduate students and scientists alike working in the field of environmental sciences.

This book is the third volume of lecture notes from summer schools held in the small village of Peyresq (France). These lectures cover nonlinear physics in a broad sense. They were given over the period 2004 to 2008. The summer schools were organized by the Institut Non Lin(r)aire de Nice (Nice, France), the Laboratoire de Physique Statistique (ENS Paris, France) and the Institut de Recherche de Physique Hors Equilibre (Marseilles, France). The goal of the book is to provide a high-quality overview on the state of the art in nonlinear sciences, and to promote the transfer of knowledge between the various domains in physics dealing with nonlinear phenomen

This book is the third volume of lecture notes from summer schools held in the small village of Peyresq (France). These lectures cover nonlinear physics in a broad sense. They were given over the period 2004 to 2008. The summer schools were organized by the Institut Non Linéaire de Nice (Nice, France), the Laboratoire de Physique Statistique (ENS Paris, France) and the Institut de Recherche de Physique Hors Equilibre (Marseilles, France). The goal of the book is to provide a high-quality overview on the state of the art in nonlinear sciences, and to promote the transfer of knowledge between the various domains in physics dealing with nonlinear phenomena.