This book deals with applications of quantum mechanical techniques to areas outside of quantum mechanics, so-called quantum-like modeling. Research in this area has grown over the last 15 years. But even already more than 50 years ago, the interaction between Physics Nobelist Pauli and the psychologist Carl Jung in the 1950’s on seeking to find analogous uses of the complementarity principle from quantum mechanics in psychology needs noting. This book does NOT want to advance that society is quantum mechanical! The macroscopic world is manifestly not quantum mechanical. But this rules not out that one can use concepts and the mathematical apparatus from quantum physics in a macroscopic environment. A mainstay ingredient of quantum mechanics, is ‘quantum probability’ and this tool has been proven to be useful in the mathematical modelling of decision making. In the most basic experiment of quantum physics, the double slit experiment, it is known (from the works of A. Khrennikov) that the law of total probability is violated. It is now well documented that several decision making paradoxes in psychology and economics (such as the Ellsberg paradox) do exhibit this violation of the law of total probability. When data is collected with experiments which test ‘non-rational’ decision making behaviour, one can observe that such data often exhibits a complex non-commutative structure, which may be even more complex than if one considers the structure allied to the basic two slit experiment. The community exploring quantum-like models has tried to address how quantum probability can help in better explaining those paradoxes. Research has now been published in very high standing journals on resolving some of the paradoxes with the mathematics of quantum physics. The aim of this book is to collect the contributions of world’s leading experts in quantum like modeling in decision making, psychology, cognition, economics, and finance.

2023-24 NTA-CSIR-NET/JRF PART A General Aptitude Compulsory Solved Papers

“Riveting with action, romance, and drama” Sean Kelly is the epitome of a soldier. Finding fortune with adventure in the Southern Plateau of Africa, he creates a “Dynasty.” Establishing a developmental company, G Enterprise, with multiple dimensions, Sean takes you on a powerful spellbinding adventure as tranny defies his fortune. “Egotastic experience,” in thought he finds true love rewards heading up conglomerates. Sean’s industry soars to the top, family matter with drama unfolds the lifestyles of his fame. Forced to defend his fortune, he must confront relentless pursuit by terrorist activities. The fast paced action fascinates with continued compelling qualities as Sean finds out his fortune put him to an ultimate test and his life may be the collateral damage of his fortune.

This book is an homage to Ernest G. McClain and includes the following articles: Jean Le Mee: THE CHALLENGE OF ABUL WAFA; Leon Crickmore: CASTLERIGG: STONE OR TONE CIRCLE? Jay Kappraff: ANCIENT HARMONIC LAW; Sarah Reichart & Vivian Ramalingam: THREE HEPTAGONAL SACRED SPACES; Pétur Halldórsson: PATTERN OF SETTLEMENTS PACED FROM 1-9; Anne Bulckens: THE METONIC CYCLE OF THE PARTHENON; Jay Kappraff and Ernest McClain: THE PROPORTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE PARTHENON; Richard Heath: THE GEODETIC AND MUSICOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SHORTER LENGTH OF THE PARTHENON; Richard Heath: ERNEST MCCLAIN'S MUSICOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF ANCIENT TEXTS; John Bremer: THE OPENING OF PLATO'S POLITY; Bryan Carr: ONTOLOGY INSIDE-OUT; Babette Babich: THE HALLELUJAH EFFECT; Pete Dello: MCCLAIN'S MATRICES; Richard Dumbrill: SEVEN? YES -- BUT ...; Howard Barry Schatz: THROUGH THE EYES OF PLATO; Gerry Turchetto: MEMORIES OF ERNEST G. MCCLAIN.

Life is short. This indisputable fact of existence has driven human ingenuity since antiquity, whether through efforts to lengthen our lives with medicine or shorten the amount of time we spend on work using technology. Alongside this struggle to manage the pressure of life’s ultimate deadline, human perception of the passage and effects of time has also changed. In On Borrowed Time, Harald Weinrich examines an extraordinary range of materials—from Hippocrates to Run Lola Run—to put forth a new conception of time and its limits that, unlike older models, is firmly grounded in human experience. Weinrich’s analysis of the roots of the word time connects it to the temples of the skull, demonstrating that humans first experienced time in the beating of their pulses. Tracing this corporeal perception of time across literary, religious, and philosophical works, Weinrich concludes that time functions as a kind of sixth sense—the crucial sense that enables the other five. Written with Weinrich’s customary narrative elegance, On Borrowed Time is an absorbing—and, fittingly, succinct—meditation on life’s inexorable brevity.

Space and time representation in language is important in linguistics and cognitive science research, as well as artificial intelligence applications like conversational robots and navigation systems. This book is the first for linguists and computer scientists that shows how to do model-theoretic semantics for temporal or spatial information in natural language, based on annotation structures. The book covers the entire cycle of developing a specification for annotation and the implementation of the model over the appropriate corpus for linguistic annotation. Its representation language is a type-theoretic, first-order logic in shallow semantics. Each interpretation model is delimited by a set of definitions of logical predicates used in semantic representations (e.g., past) or measuring expressions (e.g., counts or k). The counting function is then defined as a set and its cardinality, involving a universal quantification in a model. This definition then delineates a set of admissible models for interpretation.

Unlike any other book, Avian Cognition thoroughly examines avian intelligence, behavior, and individuality. Preferences, choices, motivation, and habits of species, flocks, and individual birds are discussed and compared. This book investigates who birds are and why they do what they do. Daily, seasonal, and play activities, creativity, reasoning a