Edition: Deluxe edition with color.The history of Tamil̤ Nāḍu from the sixteenth century to the eighteenth is eventful with political developments which had far-reaching consequences. It was a significant period in which non-Tamil̤ rulers ruled the country which ultimately led to the establishment of foreign rule. The period commences with the appointment of the Telugu-speaking Vijayanagar governors in the Madurai, Thañjāvūr and Señji regions. The decline of the Vijayanagar rule led to the rule of the Marāthas in Thañjāvūr and the Mughals in the Carnatic. The invasion of the Tamil̤ country by the Mughal general, Zulfikar Khan, made the Tamil̤ States tributaries of the Mughals and established the rule of the Carnatic Nawabs. This period witnessed the efforts of European powers to establish trade centres. The war of succession between the two dynasties of the Carnatic Nawabs and the wars between the competitive trading countries, the English and the French, had their impact on the native powers which thereby became weakened. By providing military and financial aid to native powers, the British gradually took over their territories and expanded the Madras Presidency. Another notable feature is that the success in getting political power in the Tamil̤ country encouraged the British to acquire political power in North India using their base in the Tamil̤ country as a springboard. Native rulers' military weakness and tendency to allow foreign powers to interfere in native politics and Muhammad Ali's total reliance on the English to control his subordinates and meet his financial needs necessitated by his extravagant lifestyle were contributary factors which helped the English, who came as traders, become rulers of the country.In this period, resenting the interference and oppression of the British, the poligars rose against them. The Poligar Rebellion under Pūli Thēvar and Kaṭṭabomman̤ and the South Indian Rebellion under Marudu Pāṇḍyan̤ are notable events of this period. The political development in the Tamil̤ country in this period had serious repercussions on the political future of India since they provided the British with experience and resources for the expansion of their rule in the rest of India. The year 1801 A.D. in which the Madras Presidency, the biggest in the British India, attained its total expansion is politically significant in the history of Tamil̤ Nāḍu and India.The rule of foreigners had its impact on the social life of the people and the economy of the country. The advent of Christian missionaries along with trading companies influenced the social life. The exploitation of native resources by the foreign rulers and the constant wars among them shattered the economy. In the midst of such turmoil, the Nāyaks and the Marāthas contributed to the developments of arts and culture. This book is a study of not only political events, but also the contemporary social, economic and religious conditions. The Nāyak architecture, which is the last phase of the Dravidian architecture, along with the contributions of the Marathas of Thañjāvūr, is highlighted. Besides its use to students and those who prepare for competitive examinations, it is an interesting study to those who are interested in the history of Tamil̤ Nāḍu. For the proper understanding of the details presented, maps and pictures are added at appropriate places.

This book is written for the benefit of young readers in Tamil Nadu. This state has a long history and a rich heritage. Its history is full of remarkable achievements in various fields. It has impressive archaeological remains dating back to the early centuries of the Common Era (CE). What is more interesting is that there are thousands of stone inscriptions, some of which go back to the second century Before the Common Era (BCE). In addition, a large number of magnificent temples have survived bearing testimony to the achievements of the ancients in art and architecture. The past is fascinating and an enduring source of inspiration.Today breathtaking developments are taking place in science and technology. These can be used to discover more of the past and understand it better. Much remains to be discovered. It is important for the youth to know the past. This helps to understand the present. This book is intended to give a peep into that past.

From Haryana to Gujarat to Maharashtra, numerous Indian states have been witness to protests by backward classes pressing for quotas and reservations. In stark contrast is the exemplary case of Tamil Nadu, which has managed to effectively integrate economic and development agenda for the backward classes into state policy. In the fifty years of rule between them, M. Karunanidhi, MGR, and J. Jayalalithaa—the iconic leaders of Tamil Nadu politics—managed to effectively transform institutions and structures to deliver a social welfare agenda in the state. Was it pure charisma on part of these leaders that gave us the unusual story of politicians and bureaucrats working hand in hand to implement a social agenda? Written by S. Narayan, who as part of the administration was both a witness to and a participant in these developments, this book is an intimate narrative on the Dravidian years of Tamil Nadu. At an important juncture of Tamil Nadu politics, it also makes us wonder: With no charismatic leader in the horizon, who can take the state forward?

In this book Processor Barnett analyzes a successful political movement in South India that used cultural nationalism as a positive force for change. By exploring the history of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party, the author provides a new perspective on political identity. In so doing, she challenges the interpretation of cultural nationalism as a product of atavistic and primordial forces that poses an inherent threat to the integrity of territorially defined nation-states and thus to the progress of modernization. The founding of the DMK party in 1949, the author shows, was a turning point in the political history of Tamil Nadu, South India, because it ushered in the era of Tamil cultural nationalism. In the hands of the DMK, Tamil nationalism became an ideology of mass mobilization and thus shaped the articulation of political demands for a generation. The author analyzes the social, political, and economic factors that gave rise to cultural nationalism; the interplay between cultural nationalist leaders; and the role of cultural nationalism in a heterogeneous nation-state. Originally published in 1976. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

This study aims at using and understanding man-land relationships in order to better comprehend the megalithic burials of Tamil Nadu.

M.S.S. Pandian (1958 2014) was an eminent historian of South Indian politics, caste, culture, and cinema. His writings offer distinctively Tamil insights on these areas. In this book his chief focus is Tamil political culture for roughly thirty years since 1985. His success lies in bringing a historical understanding to bear on what he called the strangeness of Tamil Nadu . A key figure in Pandian s thinking was E.V. Ramasamy Periyar . Pandian argues that Periyar s ideals and strategies long remained popular among Tamil progressives, but that their survival became difficult because of radical changes in pan-Indian political culture. To show these changes, this book is organised chronologically as well as along thematic sections that reflect the themes of Periyar s Dravidian ideology: linguistic identity, state politics, religion, and caste. Periyar s ideas, Pandian argues, can still provide productive standards for critical analysis of politics in India. But because they are not widely known or appreciated outside Tamil Nadu, they represent the strangeness of Tamil politics instead of being adapted as progressive in the country as a whole.

Siddhas were mystics of ancient India. They believed that human race was created to excel in knowledge and help human societies form an advanced civilization on the Earth. They knew that they needed to live longer and even become immortals to achieve this goal. In Indian context Siddhas were considered as doctors but in Western context, such people were called Philosophers. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of Siddhas' poetic scripts reveals their different faces such as scientific thinkers, social reformers, priest kings, pioneers of advanced cultures, etc. Siddhas speak about spirit, soul and body in their scripts. They also compare cosmos, nature and earth in their science. The unique attainment of Siddhas could be their mastery over physical and cosmic sciences. Siddhas believed that physical science is comparable with cosmic science. Thus, through their physical and cosmic observations, they succeeded in inventing ambrosia of Gods and many became Gods themselves.

"இரு பாகங்களில் விரியும் தமிழக அரசியல் வரலாற்றின் முதல் பாகம் இது. சுதந்தரத்துக்குப் பிறகான முதல் முப்பதாண்டு கால தமிழக அரசியல் நிகழ்வுகளை அதன் சமூக, வரலாற்றுப் பின்புலத்துடன் விவரிக்கும் முக்கிய முயற்சியே இந்தப் புத்தகம். ராஜாஜியின் ஆட்சி, ஆந்திரப் பிரிவினை, குலக்கல்வி, காமராஜர் காலம், பக்தவத்சலத்தின் வருகை, இந்தி எதிர்ப்புப் போராட்டம், திமுகவின் வளர்ச்சி, காங்கிரஸின் வீழ்ச்சி, அண்ணாவின் ஆட்சி, திமுகவின் பிளவு, கச்சத்தீவு, எமர்ஜென்ஸி, சர்க்காரியா கமிஷன் என்று மிக விரிவான களப்பின்னணியுடன் உருவாகியிருக்கும் இந்தப் புத்தகம், ஒவ்வொன்றின் உள்ளரசியலையும் ஆதாரங்களுடன் பதிவுசெய்கிறது. கீழவெண்மணிப் படுகொலைகள், முதுகுளத்தூர் கலவரம், மதுவிலக்கு ரத்து என்று சமூகத் தளத்தை உருமாற்றிய நிகழ்வுகளின் மெய்யான அரசியல் பின்னணியைப் படம்பிடிக்கும் இந்தப் புத்தகம், அன்றைய தமிழக அரசியலின் போக்கைத் தீர்மானித்த இன்றைய அரசியலின் அடித்தளமாக இருக்கின்ற வரலாற்றுச் சிறப்புமிக்க அத்தனை நிகழ்வுகளையும் நுணுக்கமாக ஆராய்கிறது. வெறுமனே காலவரிசையாக அல்லாமல் நிகழ்வுகளையும் அவற்றை இயக்கிய அரசியல் தலைவர்களையும் உயிர்ப்புடன் கண்முன் நிறுத்துகிறார் ஆர். முத்துக்குமார். தமிழக அரசியல் வாரமிருமுறை இதழில் வெளியான?ஆடு.. புலி.. அரசியல் தொடரின் நூல் வடிவம்."