Part I of this two-way index for the Septuagint shows which Hebrew/Aramaic word or words corresponds or correspond to a given Greek word in the Septuagint and how many times such an equation applies. This information was provided to a certain extent in the author's two earlier editions of the Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (Leuven: Peeters, 1993, 2002). In its latest edition covering now the entire Septuagint, A Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (Leuven: Peeters, 2009), this information has been totally deleted, and is presented here in its entirety. Part II enables scholars to see at a glance what Greek words were used by the Septuagint translators to translate the Hebrew and Aramaic words occurring in the Old Testament. This is an entirely revised version of the author's Hebrew/Aramaic Index to the Septuagint Keyed to the Hatch-Redpath Concordance (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1998), now out of print. This replaced a Hebrew Index printed as an appendix to the Hatch-Redpath Concordance, which only gave page references of the Concordance for each Hebrew/Aramaic word. In order to find actual Greek words used to translate a given Hebrew/Aramaic word one had to leaf through the concordance itself. This is not a mere reprint of the 1998 Index. Both parts of this Index are based on an extensive, critical review of the data as presented in the Hatch-Redpath concordance. Moreover, it incorporates data totally left out of account by Hatch-Redpath such as the apocryphal book of 1Esdras and includes Dead Sea biblical manuscripts, not only manuscripts of the canonical books, but also an apocryphal book such as the Aramaic fragments of Tobit. Furthermore, the Index, just as the author's Lexicon, took into account data found in the alternative versions of books such as Daniel, Esther and Tobit, and the so-called Antiochene or Proto-Lucianic version of the books such as Judges, Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles. The Index would be a valuable instrument for not only Septuagint specialists, but also scholars interested in Greek, Hebrew, Aramaic philology, the textual criticism of the Old Testament, and New Testament scholars. This is an essential companion volume for users of Hatch-Redpath's Concordance and the author's Septuagint Lexicon.

An internationally renowned Septuagint scholar has compiled a user-friendly Hebrew index to the Septuagint. The index is keyed to the Hatch and Redpath Concordance.

This complete lexicon supercedes its two earlier editions (1993; 2002). The entire Septuagint, including the apocrypha, is covered. For the books of Samuel, Kings, Chronicles, and Judges the so-called Antiochene edition is fully covered in addition to the data as found in the standard edition by Rahlfs. Also fully covered are the two versions of Tobit, Esther, and Daniel. Based on the critically established Gottingen edition where it is available. If not, Rahlfs's edition is used. For close to 60% of a total of 9,550 headwords all the passages occurring in the LXX are either quoted or mentioned. A fully fledged lexicon, not a glossary merely listing translation equivalents in English. Senses defined. Important lexicographical data such as synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, distinction between literal and figurative, combinations with prepositions, noun cases, syntagmatic information such as what kind of direct or indirect objects a given verb takes, what kind of nouns a given adjective is used with, and much more information abundantly presented and illustrated with quotes, mostly translated. High-frequency lexemes such as prepositions and conjunctions fully analysed. Data on contemporary Koine and Jewish Greek including the New Testament taken into account. Morphological information provided: various tenses of verbs, genitive forms of nouns etc. Substantive references to the current scientific literature. An indispensable tool for students of the Septuagint, the New Testament, Hellenistic Judaism, and the Greek language.

This comprehensive survey of Jewish-Greek society's development examines the exchange of language and ideas in biblical translations, literature and archaeology.

(Peeters 1994)

This is the first ever comprehensive analysis of the morphosyntax and syntax of Septuagint Greek. The work is based on the most up-to-date editions of the Septuagint. The so-called Antiochene version of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles as well as Judges has been studied. Though this is a synchronic grammar, and though not systematic, comparison with Classical Greek, the Greek of contemporary literature of the Hellenistic-Roman period, papyri and epigraphical data, and New Testament Greek has often been undertaken. Even when analysing translated documents of the Septuagint, the perspective is basically that of its readers. However, attempts were made to determine in what ways and to what extent the structure of the Semitic source languages may have influenced the selection of this or that particular construction by translators. At many places it is demonstrated and illustrated how an analysis of the morphosyntax and syntax can illuminate our general interpretation of the Septuagint text.

Students and scholars now widely recognize the importance of the Septuagint to the history of the Greek language, the textual development of the Bible, and to Jewish and Christian religious life in both the ancient and modern worlds. This handbook is designed for those who wish to engage the Septuagint in their research, yet have been unsure where to turn for guidance or concise, up-to-date discussion. The contributors break down the barriers involved in the technical debates and sub-specialties as far as possible, equipping readers with the tools and knowledge necessary to conduct their own research. Each chapter is written by a leading Septuagint scholar and focuses upon a major area of research in the discipline, providing an overview of the topic, key debates and views, a survey or demonstration of the methods involved, and pointers towards ongoing research questions. By exploring origins, language, text, reception, theology, translation, and commentary, with a final summary of the literature, this handbook encourages active engagement with the most important issues in the field and provides an essential resource for specialists and non-specialists alike.

For many years, scholars have noted that post-biblical Hebrew and Aramaic may have influenced some of the renderings in the ancient Greek versions of the Hebrew Bible, but examination of this has usually been done only in passing with little or no discussion and scant evidence. Seulgi L. Byun examines the ancient Greek version of Isaiah, commonly referred to as LXX (Septuagint) Isaiah, and examines a number of possible cases in depth in order to determine the degree to which semantic change within Hebrew, as well as the spread of Aramaic already in the Second Temple period, may have influenced the translator. The book begins with an overview of key issues (semantic change; the development (or non-development) of the Hebrew language; previous scholarship; issues in the study of LXX Isaiah; and methodological considerations). This is followed by four larger sections representing various categories of examples where post-biblical Hebrew or Aramaic may have influenced renderings in the text, each offering specific examples. The first section contains examples where post-biblical Hebrew may have influenced LXX Isaiah; the second section offers examples of Aramaic influence; the third section addresses examples where the influence is not clear (possibly both post-biblical Hebrew and Aramaic); and the fourth section discusses the possibility of word manipulation - cases where the translator of LXX Isaiah 'manipulated' the Hebrew with a post-biblical Hebrew or Aramaic meaning/word in mind.