This work is a supplement to the 10-volume series "Early Responses to Hume", which is an edited and annotated collection of eighteenth-and nineteenth-century critical reactions to Scottish philosopher David Hume (1711-1776) . Both a philosopher and historian, he was infamous in his day for his skeptical views on human nature, knowledge, metaphysics, and religion.

This volume contains the customary mix of learned articles, book reviews, conference reports and bibliographical information, which makes this publication useful for the historian of higher education. Subjects covered in this volume include: The Viterban Stadium of the 16th century; Scholarly reputations and international prestige; and The Netherlands, William Carstares, and the reform of Edinburgh University, 1690-1715.

The history of anthropology has been written from multiple viewpoints, often from perspectives of gender, nationality, theory, or politics. Before Boas delves deeper into issues concerning anthropology's academic origins to present a groundbreaking study that reveals how ethnography and ethnology originated during the eighteenth rather than the nineteenth century, developing parallel to anthropology, or the "natural history of man." Han F. Vermeulen explores primary and secondary sources from Russia, Germany, Austria, the United States, the Netherlands, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, France, and Great Britain in tracing how "ethnography" originated as field research by German-speaking historians and naturalists in Siberia (Russia) during the 1730s and 1740s, was generalized as "ethnology" by scholars in Göttingen (Germany) and Vienna (Austria) during the 1770s and 1780s, and was subsequently adopted by researchers in other countries. Before Boas argues that anthropology and ethnology were separate sciences during the Age of Reason, studying racial and ethnic diversity, respectively. Ethnography and ethnology focused not on "other" cultures but on all peoples of all eras. Following G. W. Leibniz, researchers in these fields categorized peoples primarily according to their languages. Franz Boas professionalized the holistic study of anthropology from the 1880s into the twentieth century.

This work is the third in the 10-volume series "Early Responses to Hume", which is an edited and annotated collection of eighteenth-and nineteenth-century critical reactions to Scottish philosopher David Hume (1711-1776) . Both a philosopher and historian, he was infamous in his day for his skeptical views on human nature, knowledge, metaphysics, and religion.

This edited volume explores the development of the European book world between 1650 and 1750, concentrating on changes in publishing strategies, practices of censorship, the circulation of second-hand books and the building of libraries. Its essays discuss this critical, but much neglected period of print history through case studies from Spain, Italy, France, the Holy Roman Empire, Britain and the Netherlands. Ranging from the posthumous publication of Galileo to the regulation of the book auction market, this volume demonstrates that the century between 1650 and 1750 was a transformative period for the history of the printed book.

This book is the first comprehensive interpretation of the political and international thought of one of the greatest German political writers of the eighteenth-century, Johann Heinrich Gottlob von Justi (1717-1771). By revisiting his conceptions of natural law, happiness, the state, universal monarchy, the balance of power and international order the study reveals a much more original and diverse thinker than has previously been assumed. Building on ideas of a passionate human nature, Justi effected a passage from natural law to political economy that took into account the development of commercialism. The book firmly situates Justi in the German Enlightenment, and the German Enlightenment in a broader European context.