Giraffes are the tallest animals on land. It's easy to see how tall they are by comparing heights on a graph. This book introduces readers to several kinds of graphs, including bar graphs, pie graphs, and tally charts. While learning information about these towering African animals, readers will practice using graphs and charts to answer questions. Animals are an entertaining way to show how math is part of the real world.

Presents over twenty reproducible activity sheets designed to help students in grades four through eight hone their skills in interpreting and creating graphs, charts, maps, and tables.

Teaches young readers about graphs by using a story about children who visit giraffes in a zoo.

Provides a comprehensive overview of one of nature's most engaging mammals Covers fossil history, taxonomy, genetics, physiology, biomechanics, behavior, ecology, and conservation Includes genetic analysis of five of the six subspecies of modern giraffes Includes giraffe network studies from Laikipia Kenya, Etosha National Park, Namibia andSamburu National Reserve, Kenya

This monograph discusses decision making methods under bipolar fuzzy graphical models with the aim of overcoming the lack of mathematical approach towards bipolar information—positive and negative. It investigates the properties of bipolar fuzzy graphs, their distance functions, and concept of their isomorphism. It presents certain notions, including irregular bipolar fuzzy graphs, domination in bipolar fuzzy graphs, bipolar fuzzy circuits, energy in bipolar fuzzy graphs, bipolar single-valued neutrosophic competition graphs, and bipolar neutrosophic graph structures. This book also presents the applications of mentioned concepts to real-world problems in areas of product manufacturing, international relations, psychology, global terrorism and more, making it valuable for researchers, computer scientists, social scientists and alike.

Don’t be perplexed by data structures! This fun, friendly, and fully illustrated guide makes it easy to learn useful data structures you’ll put to work every day. Grokking Data Structures makes it a breeze to learn the most useful day-to-day data structures. You’ll follow a steady learning path from absolute basics to advanced concepts, all illustrated with fun examples, engaging industry stories, and hundreds of graphics and cartoons. In Grokking Data Structures you’ll learn how to: • Understand the most important and widely used data structures • Identify use cases where data structures make the biggest difference • Pick the best data structure solution for a coding challenge • Understand the tradeoffs of data structures and avoid catastrophes • Implement basic data collections like arrays, linked lists, stacks, and priority queues • Use trees and binary search trees (BSTs) to organize data • Use graphs to model relationships and learn about complex data • Efficiently search by key using hash tables and hashing functions • Reason about time and memory requirements of operations on data structures Grokking Data Structures carefully guides you from the most basic data structures like arrays or linked lists all the way to powerful structures like graphs. It’s perfect for beginners, and you won’t need anything more than high school math to get started. Each data structure you encounter comes with its own complete Python implementation so you can start experimenting with what you learn right away. Foreword by Daniel Zingaro. About the technology Data structures are vital for shaping and handling your data organization. They’re also an important part of most IT job interviews! Whether you’re new to data structures or just dusting off what you learned in school, this book will get you up to speed fast with no advanced math, abstract theory, or complicated proofs. About the book Grokking Data Structures introduces common and useful data structures that every developer needs to know. Real-world examples show you how data structures are used in practice, from making your searches faster to handling triage in an emergency room. You’ll love the fun cartoons, insightful stories, and useful Python code samples that make data structures come alive. And unlike jargon-laden academic texts, this book is easy-to-read and practical. What's inside • Fast searches using hash tables • Trees and binary search trees (BSTs) to organize data • Use graphs to model complex data • The best data structures for a coding challenge About the reader For readers who know the basics of Python. A perfect companion to Grokking Algorithms! About the author Marcello La Rocca is a research scientist and a full-stack engineer. He has contributed to large-scale web applications and machine learning infrastructure at Twitter, Microsoft, and Apple. The technical editor on this book was Beau Carnes. Table of Contents 1 Introducing data structures: Why you should learn about data structures 2 Static arrays: Building your first data structure 3 Sorted arrays: Searching faster, at a price 4 Big-O notation: A framework for measuring algorithm efficiency 5 Dynamic arrays: Handling dynamically sized datasets 6 Linked lists: A flexible dynamic collection 7 Abstract data types: Designing the simplest container—the bag 8 Stacks: Piling up data before processing it 9 Queues: Keeping information in the same order as it arrives 10 Priority queues and heaps: Handling data according to its priority 11 Binary search trees: A balanced container 12 Dictionaries and hash tables: How to build and use associative arrays 13 Graphs: Learning how to model complex relationships in data

Learn how to use Spark to process big data at speed and scale for sharper analytics. Put the principles into practice for faster, slicker big data projects. About This Book A quick way to get started with Spark – and reap the rewards From analytics to engineering your big data architecture, we've got it covered Bring your Scala and Java knowledge – and put it to work on new and exciting problems Who This Book Is For This book is for developers with little to no knowledge of Spark, but with a background in Scala/Java programming. It's recommended that you have experience in dealing and working with big data and a strong interest in data science. What You Will Learn Install and set up Spark in your cluster Prototype distributed applications with Spark's interactive shell Perform data wrangling using the new DataFrame APIs Get to know the different ways to interact with Spark's distributed representation of data (RDDs) Query Spark with a SQL-like query syntax See how Spark works with big data Implement machine learning systems with highly scalable algorithms Use R, the popular statistical language, to work with Spark Apply interesting graph algorithms and graph processing with GraphX In Detail When people want a way to process big data at speed, Spark is invariably the solution. With its ease of development (in comparison to the relative complexity of Hadoop), it's unsurprising that it's becoming popular with data analysts and engineers everywhere. Beginning with the fundamentals, we'll show you how to get set up with Spark with minimum fuss. You'll then get to grips with some simple APIs before investigating machine learning and graph processing – throughout we'll make sure you know exactly how to apply your knowledge. You will also learn how to use the Spark shell, how to load data before finding out how to build and run your own Spark applications. Discover how to manipulate your RDD and get stuck into a range of DataFrame APIs. As if that's not enough, you'll also learn some useful Machine Learning algorithms with the help of Spark MLlib and integrating Spark with R. We'll also make sure you're confident and prepared for graph processing, as you learn more about the GraphX API. Style and approach This book is a basic, step-by-step tutorial that will help you take advantage of all that Spark has to offer.

Covering the theoretical aspects of image processing and analysis through the use of graphs in the representation and analysis of objects, Image Processing and Analysis with Graphs: Theory and Practice also demonstrates how these concepts are indispensible for the design of cutting-edge solutions for real-world applications. Explores new applications in computational photography, image and video processing, computer graphics, recognition, medical and biomedical imaging With the explosive growth in image production, in everything from digital photographs to medical scans, there has been a drastic increase in the number of applications based on digital images. This book explores how graphs—which are suitable to represent any discrete data by modeling neighborhood relationships—have emerged as the perfect unified tool to represent, process, and analyze images. It also explains why graphs are ideal for defining graph-theoretical algorithms that enable the processing of functions, making it possible to draw on the rich literature of combinatorial optimization to produce highly efficient solutions. Some key subjects covered in the book include: Definition of graph-theoretical algorithms that enable denoising and image enhancement Energy minimization and modeling of pixel-labeling problems with graph cuts and Markov Random Fields Image processing with graphs: targeted segmentation, partial differential equations, mathematical morphology, and wavelets Analysis of the similarity between objects with graph matching Adaptation and use of graph-theoretical algorithms for specific imaging applications in computational photography, computer vision, and medical and biomedical imaging Use of graphs has become very influential in computer science and has led to many applications in denoising, enhancement, restoration, and object extraction. Accounting for the wide variety of problems being solved with graphs in image processing and computer vision, this book is a contributed volume of chapters written by renowned experts who address specific techniques or applications. This state-of-the-art overview provides application examples that illustrate practical application of theoretical algorithms. Useful as a support for graduate courses in image processing and computer vision, it is also perfect as a reference for practicing engineers working on development and implementation of image processing and analysis algorithms.

Nan surveys her class to find out what types of pets they have. See how she creates a bar graph to share her results.

If you like the popular?Teaching Science Through Trade Books? columns in NSTA?s journal Science and Children, or if you?ve become enamored of the award-winning Picture-Perfect Science Lessons series, you?ll love this new collection. It?s based on the same time-saving concept: By using children?s books to pique students? interest, you can combine science teaching with reading instruction in an engaging and effective way.