In recent years, interest in the technology of gas cleaning has grown, driven partly by environmental legislation, but also by demands for increases in process efficiency and intensity - notable for power generation and waste incineration. This book, which leads on from our successful Gas Cleaning at High Temperatures, describes the present state of the art and its industrial applications.

The Handbook of Clean Energy Systems brings together an international team of experts to present a comprehensive overview of the latest research, developments and practical applications throughout all areas of clean energy systems. Consolidating information which is currently scattered across a wide variety of literature sources, the handbook covers a broad range of topics in this interdisciplinary research field including both fossil and renewable energy systems. The development of intelligent energy systems for efficient energy processes and mitigation technologies for the reduction of environmental pollutants is explored in depth, and environmental, social and economic impacts are also addressed. Topics covered include: Volume 1 - Renewable Energy: Biomass resources and biofuel production; Bioenergy Utilization; Solar Energy; Wind Energy; Geothermal Energy; Tidal Energy. Volume 2 - Clean Energy Conversion Technologies: Steam/Vapor Power Generation; Gas Turbines Power Generation; Reciprocating Engines; Fuel Cells; Cogeneration and Polygeneration. Volume 3 - Mitigation Technologies: Carbon Capture; Negative Emissions System; Carbon Transportation; Carbon Storage; Emission Mitigation Technologies; Efficiency Improvements and Waste Management; Waste to Energy. Volume 4 - Intelligent Energy Systems: Future Electricity Markets; Diagnostic and Control of Energy Systems; New Electric Transmission Systems; Smart Grid and Modern Electrical Systems; Energy Efficiency of Municipal Energy Systems; Energy Efficiency of Industrial Energy Systems; Consumer Behaviors; Load Control and Management; Electric Car and Hybrid Car; Energy Efficiency Improvement. Volume 5 - Energy Storage: Thermal Energy Storage; Chemical Storage; Mechanical Storage; Electrochemical Storage; Integrated Storage Systems. Volume 6 - Sustainability of Energy Systems: Sustainability Indicators, Evaluation Criteria, and Reporting; Regulation and Policy; Finance and Investment; Emission Trading; Modeling and Analysis of Energy Systems; Energy vs. Development; Low Carbon Economy; Energy Efficiencies and Emission Reduction. Key features: Comprising over 3,500 pages in 6 volumes, HCES presents a comprehensive overview of the latest research, developments and practical applications throughout all areas of clean energy systems, consolidating a wealth of information which is currently scattered across a wide variety of literature sources. In addition to renewable energy systems, HCES also covers processes for the efficient and clean conversion of traditional fuels such as coal, oil and gas, energy storage systems, mitigation technologies for the reduction of environmental pollutants, and the development of intelligent energy systems. Environmental, social and economic impacts of energy systems are also addressed in depth. Published in full colour throughout. Fully indexed with cross referencing within and between all six volumes. Edited by leading researchers from academia and industry who are internationally renowned and active in their respective fields. Published in print and online. The online version is a single publication (i.e. no updates), available for one-time purchase or through annual subscription.

Substitute Natural Gas from Waste: Technical Assessment and Industrial Applications of Biochemical and Thermochemical Processes provides an overview of the science and technology of anaerobic digestion and thermal gasification for the treatment of biomass and unrecyclable waste residues. The book provides both the theoretical and practical basis for the clean and high-efficiency utilization of waste and biomass to produce Bio-Substitute Natural Gas (SNG). It examines different routes to produce bio-SNG from waste feedstocks, detailing solutions to unique problems, such as scale up issues and process integration. Final sections review waste sourcing and processing. This book is an ideal and practical reference for those developing, designing, scaling and managing bio-SNG production and utilization systems. Engineering students will find this to be a comprehensive resource on the application of fundamental concepts of bio-SNG production that are illustrated through innovative, recent case studies. - Presents detailed scientific and technical information - Describes up-to-date concepts, processes and plants for efficient anaerobic digestion and gasification of wastes and syngas utilization - Compares gasification with anaerobic digestion for different situations - Proposes alternative strategies to increase efficiency and overcome energy balance limitations - Includes benchmarking data and industrial real-life examples to demonstrate the main process features and implementation pathways of bio-SNG systems from dry and wet waste, both in developed and developing countries

Authored by 50 top academic, government and industry researchers, this handbook explores mature, evolving technologies for a clean, economically viable alternative to non-renewable energy. In so doing, it also discusses such broader topics as the environmental impact, education, safety and regulatory developments. The text is all-encompassing, covering a wide range that includes hydrogen as an energy carrier, hydrogen for storage of renewable energy, and incorporating hydrogen technologies into existing technologies.

Provides an overview of the different pathways to produce Synthetic Natural Gas Covers technological, and economic aspects of this Synthetic Natural Gas Details the most popular technologies and state-of-the-art of SNG technologies while also covering recent and future research trends Covers the main process steps during conversion of coal and dry biomass to SNG: gasification, gas cleaning, methanation and gas upgrading Describes a number of novel processes for the production of SNG with their specific combination of process steps as well as the boundary conditions Covers important technical aspects of Power-to-Gas processes

Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction, Third Edition, is enhanced with a new topic on processing and cleaning of product gas of gasification and a brief introduction to biomaterials, making it a versatile resource that not only explains the basic principles of energy conversion systems, but also provides valuable insight into the design of a complete biomass conversion systems. With a dedicated focus on the design, analysis and operational aspects of biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction, this edition offers comprehensive coverage of biomass in its gas, liquid or solid states in a single accessible source. The author provides many worked design problems, step-by-step design procedures and real data on commercially operating systems. Although the book carries the name 'biomass', the bulk of its content is also applicable to non-biomass fuels like coal, petcoke, municipal solid waste and others. This book will help engineers, scientists and operating personnel of biomass gasification, pyrolysis or torrefaction plants, gain better comprehension of the basics of biomass conversion. Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction, Third Edition, is enhanced with a new topic on processing and cleaning of product gas of gasification and brief introduction to biomaterials making it a versatile resource that not only explains the basic principles of energy conversion systems, but also provides valuable insight into the design of a complete biomass conversion systems. With a dedicated focus on the design, analysis, and operational aspects of biomass gasification, pyrolysis, and torrefaction, this edition of the book offers comprehensive coverage of biomass in its gas, liquid, or solid states in a single easy-to-access source. The author provides many worked out design problems, step-by-step design procedures and real data on commercially operating systems. Although the book carries the name 'biomass', the bulk of its content is also applicable to non-biomass fuels like, coal, petcoke, municipal solid waste and others. This book will allow professionals, such as engineers, scientists, and operating personnel of biomass gasification, pyrolysis or torrefaction plants, to gain a better comprehension of the basics of biomass conversion. - Features updates with the most recent research and technology - Expanded to include a new chapter on syngas purification - Contains step-by-step process flow diagrams, design data, conversion charts and numerical examples with solutions - Provides available research results in an easy-to-use design methodology - Examines the economic aspects of biomass conversion

Process Technology provides a general overview about chemical and biochemical process technology. It focuses on the structure and development of production processes, main technological operations and the important aspects of process economics. The theoretical foundations in each chapter are supplemented by case studies and examples in a clear and instructive manner to illustrate the practical aspects. The author highlights operating principles, reasons for application and available industrial equipment of technological operations. Aim is to facilitate those without a process technology background in multi-disciplinary cooperation with (bio-) chemical engineers by providing an overview of this exciting field. The textbook is organized into seven distinct parts: Structure of the chemical industry and (bio-) chemical processes (Bio-) Chemical reaction engineering Molecular separations (distillation, extraction, absorption, adsorption) Mechanical separations (filtration, sedimentation, membranes) Particle and final product manufacturing Development, scale-up, design and safety of processes Major industrial process descriptions

Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat is a component of Encyclopedia of Energy Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat with contributions from distinguished experts in the field discusses matters of great relevance to our world such as: Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat; Coal Geology and Geochemistry; Coal Technology; Oil Shale; Natural Bitumen (Tar Sands) and Heavy Oil; Peat and Peatland. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.

Provides an overview of various small scale sustainable energy technologies, with examples and a clear focus on technological and research issuesBeginning with an overview of the special characteristics, challenges, and opportunities of small scale power plants, this book goes on to provide detailed assessments of a wide variety of renewable energy generation technologies. Solar, biomass, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy generation are all addressed, with assessment of their performance, availability, reliability unique requirements for operation, maintenance, control, and grid integration.Combining technological advances with consideration of economic and application challenges, the Small Scale Power Generation Handbook is an essential resource for graduate students, academic researchers, and industry professionals involved in the design and integration of small scale power generation for sustainable systems. - Examines a range of cutting-edge renewable small scale generation systems, from photovoltaic to hydropower and bioenergy - Assesses the specific advantages and disadvantages of operation, maintenance, integration, and control alongside conventional grid - Applies technological insights to practical scenarios, case studies, and applications, supporting real-world improvements in sustainability and transition

3rd Generation Biofuels: Disruptive Technologies to Enable Commercial Production is a comprehensive volume on all aspects of algal biofuels, offering the latest advances on commercial implementation. In addition to the fundamentals, the book discusses all applied aspects of 3rd generation biofuels production, including design approaches, unit operations of the upstream and downstream biomass processing, and every potential microalgae-based energy product, including microbial fuel cells. Policy, economic, environmental, and regulatory issues are addressed in a dedicated section. Finally, the book presents pilot and demonstration-scale projects for 3rd generation biofuels production in the format of a white paper. Each chapter reviews the state of the art, discusses the disruptive technological approaches that will potentially enable large-scale production, and concludes with specific recommendations on how to achieve commercial competitiveness. The book provides readers with an invaluable reference for researchers, graduates, and practitioners working in the areas of renewable energy, bioenergy and alternative fuels, and biotechnology. - Offers a sequential framework for the design of process plants using 3rd generation feedstock - Presents dedicated sections on case studies at pilot and demonstration scales as well as on policy, economic, and environmental issues - Provides a global perspective on biofuels production, with more than 40 contributions from world-renouned experts