If technology is making modern life easier, why are we suffering from more stress and mental illness? In this trailblazing book, Dr. Mark Rego, who has practiced psychiatry in the community and taught at Yale for thirty years, explores why mental illness and stress are skyrocketing alongside technology that was ostensibly created to improve our world. Using decades of experience and pioneering scientific research, Dr. Rego presents his innovative hypothesis of Frontal Fatigue, the background condition from which many of us now suffer. Frontal Fatigue exists when the unique pressures of modern life overwhelm the prefrontal cortex, the part of our brains that can make us susceptible to mental illness. Frontal Fatigue examines • why mental illness is increasing in modern times, • how the demands of our technology-centric lives place countless people at risk for mental illness and lacking in basic psychological well-being, • solutions for finding stability and peace within the noise of modern life. This astute perspective in the battle for our collective and individual peace of mind illustrates why mental illness is on the rise in these technologically advanced times and how we can act to adjust our lives in response.

Dear Readers, If you are engaged in the treatment of patients with MS (pwMS), this e-book’s aim is to offer novel insights to improve on an understanding of one of the major problems of pwMS: fatigue. Although there is increasing research into fatigue and its impact on MS, this collection of ten articles supports a better understanding of fatigue in MS patients. It explores pathophysiological concepts, provoking mechanisms, objective measurements, personality interactions, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions and summarizes clinical management. It is written by neurologists, psychologists, scientists and therapists and addresses this group of people, who deal with pwMS in private, clinical, rehabilitation or scientific settings. Its aim is to communicate high-quality information, knowledge and experience on MS to healthcare professionals, while providing global support for the international MS community.

In his trademark, revolutionary style, Dr. Goldstein uses his model of neural dysregulation to incorporate basic neuroscience research into pathophysiology and treatment. Betrayal by the Brain presents a comprehensive thesis that clearly defines the biological basis for many of the varied symptoms experienced by chronic fatigue syndrome patients. Dr. Goldstein provides a rationale for the use of symptomatic therapies that have worked in many CFS patients. Betrayal by the Brain is a valuable handbook to assist the medical professional in the diagnosis and treatment of the many patients afflicted with this illness. It is of great value to medical professionals as well as academic researchers in psychiatry, biobehavioral sciences, psychoneuroimmunology, and pain management.Dr. Goldstein has added layers of regulation to the limbic system that help further explain limbic dysfunction in neurosomatic disorders, and he suggests novel methods of remediation. Betrayal by the Brain represents integrative thinking and the latest research and discoveries by Dr. Goldstein on neurosomatic disorders--the most common group of illnesses for which patients consult physicians.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and often disabling disease of the nervous system, affecting about 1 million people worldwide. Even though it has been known for over a hundred years, no cause or cure has yet been discovered-but now there is hope. New therapies have been shown to slow the disease progress in some patients, and the pace of discoveries about the cellular machinery of the brain and spinal cord has accelerated. This book presents a comprehensive overview of multiple sclerosis today, as researchers seek to understand its processes, develop therapies that will slow or halt the disease and perhaps repair damage, offer relief for specific symptoms, and improve the abilities of MS patients to function in their daily lives. The panel reviews existing knowledge and identifies key research questions, focusing on: Research strategies that have the greatest potential to understand the biological mechanisms of recovery and to translate findings into specific strategies for therapy. How people adapt to MS and the research needed to improve the lives of people with MS. Management of disease symptoms (cognitive impairment, depression, spasticity, vision problems, and others). The committee also discusses ways to build and financially support the MS research enterprise, including a look at challenges inherent in designing clinical trials. This book will be important to MS researchers, research funders, health care advocates for MS research and treatment, and interested patients and their families.

Background: Pathological mental fatigue after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI-MF) is characterized by pronounced mental fatigue after moderate cognitive activity. We aimed in the following study to investigate neuronal activity in frontal cortex and relate it to cognitive performance during a longer test session.Methods: We recruited individuals with TBI-MF (n=20) more than 5 months after injury and age-matched healthy individuals (n=20). We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess hemodynamic changes (oxygenated hemoglobin) in the frontal cortex during prolonged cognitive activity. A block of six neuro-psychological tests was performed in sequence and was repeated once. A sustained-attention test was done between blocks. In total, the test procedure took 2 u00bd hours. Results: The TBI-MF group demonstrated an altered functional brain activity in the frontal cortex during cognitive tests. No difference in brain activity between the two test sessions was found, and this was the case for both groups. Group differences in brain activity were detected already during the first test session relating to the test for conflict processing and processing speed. The fNIRS adapted Stroop-Simon test, measuring brain activity for each single task, showed a generally lower event-related activity in the frontal polar area, ventrolateral motor cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The fNIRS assessment for processing speed (Digit Symbol Coding) demonstrated more widespread activity in the frontal cortex in the TBI-MF group as compared to controls. The controls improved their processing speed in the second session while the TBI-MF group performed at a similar level (interaction, p

Fatigue can have a major impact on an individual's performance and well-being, yet is poorly understood, even within the scientific community. There is no developed theory of its origins or functions, and different types of fatigue (mental, physical, sleepiness) are routinely confused. The widespread interpretation of fatigue as a negative consequence of work may be true only for externally imposed goals; meaningful or self-initiated work is rarely tiring and often invigorating. In the first book dedicated to the systematic treatment of fatigue for over sixty years, Robert Hockey examines its many aspects - social history, neuroscience, energetics, exercise physiology, sleep and clinical implications - and develops a new motivational control theory, in which fatigue is treated as an emotion having a fundamental adaptive role in the management of goals. He then uses this new perspective to explore the role of fatigue in relation to individual motivation, working life and well-being.

Medical residents in hospitals are often required to be on duty for long hours. In 2003 the organization overseeing graduate medical education adopted common program requirements to restrict resident workweeks, including limits to an average of 80 hours over 4 weeks and the longest consecutive period of work to 30 hours in order to protect patients and residents from unsafe conditions resulting from excessive fatigue. Resident Duty Hours provides a timely examination of how those requirements were implemented and their impact on safety, education, and the training institutions. An in-depth review of the evidence on sleep and human performance indicated a need to increase opportunities for sleep during residency training to prevent acute and chronic sleep deprivation and minimize the risk of fatigue-related errors. In addition to recommending opportunities for on-duty sleep during long duty periods and breaks for sleep of appropriate lengths between work periods, the committee also recommends enhancements of supervision, appropriate workload, and changes in the work environment to improve conditions for safety and learning. All residents, medical educators, those involved with academic training institutions, specialty societies, professional groups, and consumer/patient safety organizations will find this book useful to advocate for an improved culture of safety.

The first and most popular of Blake's famous "Illuminated Books," in a facsimile edition reproducing all 31 brightly colored plates. Additional printed text of each poem. "The colors are lovely, the book is a joy." — Kliatt Paperback Book Guide.

The Frontal Lobes, Volume 163, updates readers on the latest thinking on the structure and function of the human frontal lobe. Sections address methodology, anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, function, development, aging and disorders, and rehabilitation. Patients with focal lesions in the frontal lobes have long been studied to reveal the organization and function of the frontal lobes. Over the last two decades, studies of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and developmental disorders have increased, with new findings discussed in this volume. In addition, the book includes discussions on genetics and molecular biology, optogenetics, high-resolution structural and functional neuroimaging and electrophysiology, and more. Lastly, new knowledge on the biology, structure and function of the frontal lobes, new treatment targets for pharmacology, non-invasive brain stimulation, and cognitive/social remediation are presented. The last section covers new efforts that will hopefully lead to better outcomes in patients with frontal lobe disorders. - Provides an overview of the structure, function, disorder and rehabilitation of the frontal lobes - Addresses a wide variety of methodologies – from genetics and molecular biology, to optogenetics and hi-res fMRI, and more - Contains content of interest to advanced students, junior researchers and clinicians getting involved in research - Features the input of leaders in neuroanatomical research from around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available