A useful guide to the fundamentals and applications of deep eutectic solvents Deep Eutectic Solvents contains a comprehensive review of the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as an environmentally benign alternative reaction media for chemical transformations and processes. The contributors cover a range of topics including synthesis, structure, properties, toxicity and biodegradability of DESs. The book also explores myriad applications in various disciplines, such as organic synthesis and (bio)catalysis, electrochemistry, extraction, analytical chemistry, polymerizations, (nano)materials preparation, biomass processing, and gas adsorption. The book is aimed at organic chemists, catalytic chemists, pharmaceutical chemists, biochemists, electrochemists, and others involved in the design of eco-friendly reactions and processes. This important book: -Explores the promise of DESs as an environmentally benign alternative to hazardous organic solvents -Covers the synthesis, structure, properties (incl. toxicity) as well as a wide range of applications -Offers a springboard for stimulating critical discussion and encouraging further advances in the field Deep Eutectic Solvents is an interdisciplinary resource for researchers in academia and industry interested in the many uses of DESs as an environmentally benign alternative reaction media.

Organometallic chemistry is an interdisciplinary science which continues to grow at a rapid pace. Although there is continued interest in synthetic and structural studies, the last decade has seen a growing interest in the potential of organometallic chemistry to provide answers to problems in catalysis, synthetic organic chemistry and also in the development of new materials. Each volume in the series is published either annually or biennially and is a superb reference point for researchers.

Explores the potential of new types of anion-binding catalysts to solve challenging synthetic problems Anion-Binding Catalysis introduces readers to the use of anion-binding processes in catalytic chemical activation, exploring how this approach can contribute to the future design of novel synthetic transformations. Featuring contributions by world-renowned scientists in the field, this authoritative volume describes the structure, properties, and catalytic applications of anions as well as synthetic applications and practical analytical methods. In-depth chapters are organized by type of catalyst rather than reaction type, providing readers with an accessible overview of the existing classes of effective catalysts. The authors discuss the use of halogens as counteranions, the combination of (thio)urea and squaramide-based anion-binding with other types of organocatalysis, anion-binding catalysis by pnictogen and tetrel bonding, nucleophilic co-catalysis, anion-binding catalysis by pnictogen and tetrel bonding, and more. Helping readers appreciate and evaluate the potential of anion-binding catalysis, this timely book: Illustrates the historical development, activation mode, and importance of anion-binding in chemical catalysis Explains the analytic methods used to determine the anion-binding affinity of the catalysts Describes catalytic and synthetic applications of common NH- and OH-based hydrogen-donor catalysts as well as C-H triazole/triazolium catalysts Covers amino-catalysis involving enamine, dienamine, or iminium activation approaches Discusses new trends in the field of anion-binding catalysis, such as the combination of anion-binding with other types of catalysis Presenting the current state of the field as well as the synthetic potential of anion-binding catalysis in future, Anion-Binding Catalysis is essential reading for researchers in both academia and industry involved in organic synthesis, homogeneous catalysis, and pharmaceutical chemistry.

From synthesis to applications in catalysis, material science and biology this much-needed book is the first to comprehensively present everything you need to know about palladacycles. Renowned international authors guarantee high-quality content, making this a must-have for everyone working in the field.

This book deals with polypyrazolylborates (scorpionates), a class of ligands known since 1966, but becoming rapidly popular with inorganic, organometallic and coordination chemists since 1986, because of their versatility and user-friendliness. They can be readily modified sterically and electronically through appropriate substitution on the pyrazole ring and on boron, and have led to a number of firsts in coordination chemistry (first stable CuCO complex, first monomeric MgR complex, and many other such firsts). Their denticity can range from two to four, their “Bite” can be adjusted, and additional coordinating sites can be added to the pyrazolyl rings. Over 170 different scorpionate ligands are known today, and some are published for the first time in this book.The author, Swiatoslaw Trofimenko, discovered and developed this ligand system and has written several reviews on the subject. The book is intended as a reference work, placing at the researcher's command practically all of the over 1500 references on the subject up, and into 1999, organized both according to the ligand type and according to the metal or metalloid being coordinated. It acquaints the reader with the special features of this ligand system and permits an assessment of what has been done in a given sub-area, and of which areas remain relatively unexplored. It presents procedures for ligand synthesis, and also covers their use in catalysis and in the modelling of biologically active substances.

The Chemistry and Biology of Nitroxyl (HNO) provides first-of-its-kind coverage of the intriguing biologically active molecule called nitroxyl, or azanone per IUPAC nomenclature, which has been traditionally elusive due to its intrinsically high reactivity. This useful resource provides the scientific basis to understand the chemistry, biology, and technical aspects needed to deal with HNO. Building on two decades of nitric oxide and nitroxyl research, the editors and authors have created an indispensable guide for investigators across a wide variety of areas of chemistry (inorganic, organic, organometallic, biochemistry, physical, and analytical); biology (molecular, cellular, physiological, and enzymology); pharmacy; and medicine. This book begins by exploring the unique molecule's structure and reactivity, including important reactions with small molecules, thiols, porphyrins, and key proteins, before discussing chemical and biological sources of nitroxyl. Advanced chapters discuss methods for both trapping and detecting nitroxyl by spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and fluorescent inorganic cellular probing. Expanding on the compound's foundational chemistry, this book then explores its molecular physiology to offer insight into its biological implications, pharmacological effects, and practical issues. - Presents the first book on HNO (nitroxyl or azanone), an increasingly important molecule in biochemistry and pharmaceutical research - Provides a valuable coverage of HNO's chemical structure and significant reactions, including practical guidance on working with this highly reactive molecule - Contains high quality content from recognized experts in both industry and academia

Highly regarded and historic book covers basic concepts of magnetization and magnetic susceptibility, establishes the fundamental equations of molecular magnetism, and examines molecules containing a unique magnetic center. 2019 edition.

A much-needed guide through the overwhelming amount of literature in the field. Comprehensive and detailed, this book combines background information with the most recentinsights. It introduces current concepts, emphasizing the transcriptional control of genetic information. Moreover, it links data on the structure of regulatory proteins with basic cellular processes. Both advanced students and experts will find answers to such intriguing questions as: - How are programs of specific gene repertoires activated and controlled? - Which genes drive and control morphogenesis? - Which genes govern tissue-specific tasks? - How do hormones control gene expression in coordinating the activities of different tissues? An abundant number of clearly presented glossary terms facilitates understanding of the biological background. Speacial feature: over 2200 (!) literature references.

This book is intended to offer the reader a snapshot of the field of optoelectronic materials from the viewpoint of inorganic chemists. The field of inorganic chemistry is transforming from one focused on the synthesis of compounds having interesting coordination numbers, structures, and stereochemistries, to one focused on preparing compounds that have potentially useful practical applica tions. Two such applications are in the area of optics and electronics. These are fields where the use of inorganic materials has a long history. As the field of microelectronics develops the demands on the performance of such materials increases, and it becomes necessary to discover compounds that will meet these demands. The field of optoelectronics represents a merging of the two disciplines. Its emergence is a natural one because many of the applications involve both of these properties, and also because the electronic structure of a metal compound that confers novel optical properties is often one that also influences its electron transfer and conductivity characteristics. Two of the more important growth areas that have led to these developments are communications and medicine. Within the communications field there is the microelectronics that is involved in information storage and transmittal, some of which will be transferred into the optical regime. Within the medical field there are chemical probes that transmit analytical information from an in vivo environment. This information needs to be readily accessible from an external site, and then quickly converted into images or data that yield accurate and inexpensive diagnoses.