Expert coverage of the physics and mathematics of diffusion-reactions in solids and melts This book presents a unified treatment of diffusion and reaction in a wide variety of oxides-with a special emphasis on the reactive molecules of water, hydrogen, and oxygen. The author proposes new ways of understanding diffusion and reaction in oxides and in silica glass, presents new mathematical treatments of diffusion-reaction, and offers a new discussion of the oxidation state. Helpful data tables cover the activation energies of water and oxygen diffusion in oxides; the diffusion of dopants in silicon; the ionic porosity of crystalline and amorphous oxides; and the diffusion of a large number of elements in silicon. The book features advanced discussions of: * Diffusion and reaction in solids and in relation to solid structure * Diffusion and reaction of water in silica glass, quartz, obsidian, and all oxides * Diffusion and reaction of hydrogen in oxides * Diffusion and reaction of oxygen in oxides * The oxidation state * Diffusion in silicon Diffusion of Reactive Molecules in Solids and Melts presents an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of the subject written for geologists, professionals working in fiber optics, graduate students, and researchers in materials science and solid-state physics.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of geochemical kinetics--the application of chemical kinetics to geological problems, both theoretical and practical. Geochemical Kinetics balances the basic theories of chemical kinetics with a thorough examination of advanced theories developed by geochemists, such as nonisothermal kinetics and inverse theories, including geochronology (isotopic dating), thermochronology (temperature-time history), and geospeedometry (cooling rates). The first chapter provides an introduction and overview of the whole field at an elementary level, and the subsequent chapters develop theories and applications for homogeneous reactions, mass and heat transfer, heterogeneous reactions, and inverse problems. Most of the book's examples are from high-temperature geochemistry, with a few from astronomy and environmental sciences. Appendixes, homework problems for each major section, and a lengthy reference list are also provided. Readers should have knowledge of basic differential equations, some linear algebra, and thermodynamics at the level of an undergraduate physical chemistry course. Geochemical Kinetics is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the mathematical treatment of geochemical questions.

Glass continues to be a material of great scientific and technological interest; however, the economic pressures on the glass industry, the emphasis on global markets, and the worldwide attention to energy and environmental conservation continue to increase. Forty-seven papers offer new solutions to the challenges of glass manufacturing, particularly as they pertain to melting and forming. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Fusion and Processing of Glass, July 27-31, 2003, Rochester, New York; Ceramic Transactions, Volume 141.

Volume 72 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents an extensive compilation of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on Diffusion in Minerals and Melts held prior (December 11-12, 2010) to the Annual fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, California. The short course was held at the Napa Valley Marriott Hotel and Spa in Napa, California and was sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society.

This edited volume offers archaeologists and archaeometrists the latest technical information, the fundamentals of provenance studies, instrumentation used in these investigations, and strategies for the dating and interpretation of archaeological materials in glass studies. The contributors discuss recent advances in obsidian hydration dating, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy, focusing on the application of these technologies to a variety of glass forms and incorporating studies that look at the social and economic strategies of past cultures. With examples from Greece, the Middle East, Italy, Peru, Bolivia, Russia, Africa, and the Pacific region, provenance studies look at regional patterns of glass acquisition, production, and exchange, providing examples that use one or more instrumental methods to characterize materials from ancient societies. Extensive figures and tables included.

This book describes the central aspects of diffusion in solids, and goes on to provide easy access to important information about diffusion in metals, alloys, semiconductors, ion-conducting materials, glasses and nanomaterials. Coverage includes diffusion-controlled phenomena including ionic conduction, grain-boundary and dislocation pipe diffusion. This book will benefit graduate students in such disciplines as solid-state physics, physical metallurgy, materials science, and geophysics, as well as scientists in academic and industrial research laboratories.

Water diffusing into silica surfaces gives rise for several effectson diffusion behaviour and mechanical properties. Water added to silica glass increases its specific volume so that the silica expands near the surface. Mechanical boundary conditions give rise for compressive “swelling stresses”. This fact provides a tool for the interpretation of many experimental observations from literature.

Topics covered during the Professor W.M. Yen Memorial Symposium included; 1) identification of luminescent centers, loss centers and non-radiative processes, 2) synthesis and characterization of novel phosphor materials, 3) persistent phosphor materials, 4) high energy (x-ray, gamma ray, cathode ray) excitation of luminescence, including scintillators, 5) electroluminescence, 6) luminescence from glasses, 7) theoretical analysis of luminescence phenomena, and 8) synthesis and characterization of luminescent nanoparticles.

Water diffusing into silica surfaces gives rise for several effects on diffusion behaviour and mechanical properties. In a preceding booklet, we focused on diffusion and fiber strengths and deformations which were obtained by water soaking under external loading. In the present booklet we deal with results and interpretations of strength increase in the absence of applied stresses.

This is a concise, up-to-date book that covers a wide range of important ceramic materials used in modern technology. Chapters provide essential information on the nature of these key ceramic raw materials including their structure, properties, processing methods and applications in engineering and technology. Treatment is provided on materials such as alumina, aluminates, Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite. The chapter authors are leading experts in the field of ceramic materials. An ideal text for graduate students and practising engineers in ceramic engineering, metallurgy, and materials science and engineering.