Diagenesis is a highly developed, interdisciplinary field of study. It is reciprocal in that it borrows from numerous scientific or technological specialities and then, in turn, repays them with useful results. Too often, however, the information gained and concepts developed remain unintegrated instead of being utilized quickly by several related earth-science fraternities. This volume, the second of a multi-volume work, attempts to bring together such information, thereby assisting the individual and the research group in keeping up with the data explosion. There is no end in sight to diagenetic research because of its wide practical and intellectual appeals. Consequently, periodic reviews, such as presented in this volume, are greatly needed.

Carbonate Sediments and Their Diagenesis

Diagenesis is a highly developed, interdisciplinary field of study. It is reciprocal in that it borrows from numerous scientific or technological specialities and then, in turn, repays them with useful results. Too often, however, the information gained and concepts developed remain unintegrated instead of being utilized quickly by several related earth-science fraternities. This volume, the first of a multi-volume work, attempts to bring together such information, thereby assisting the individual and the research group in keeping up with the data explosion.There is no end in sight to diagenetic research because of its wide practical and intellectual appeals. Consequently, periodic reviews, such as presented in this volume, are greatly needed.

Sequence stratigraphy is a powerful tool for the prediction of depositional porosity and permeability, but does not account for the impact of diagenesis on these reservoir parameters. Therefore, integrating diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy can provide a better way of predicting reservoir quality. This special publication consists of 19 papers (reviews and case studies) exploring different aspects of the integration of diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy in carbonate, siliciclastic, and mixed carbonate-siliciclastic successions from various geological settings. This book will be of interest to sedimentary petrologists aiming to understand the distribution of diagenesis in siliciclastic and carbonate successions, to sequence stratigraphers who can use diagenetic features to recognize and verify interpreted key stratigraphic surfaces, and to petroleum geologists who wish to develop more realistic conceptual models for the spatial and temporal distribution of reservoir quality. This book is part of the International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS) Special Publications. The Special Publications from the IAS are a set of thematic volumes edited by specialists on subjects of central interest to sedimentologists. Papers are reviewed and printed to the same high standards as those published in the journal Sedimentology and several of these volumes have become standard works of reference.

he Lower Tertiary Kootznahoo Formation, a clastic unit, crops out in scattered areas in the Admiralty Trough, southeastern Alaska. The formation consists mainly of arkosic sandstone, conglomerate, and lesser amounts of coal and shale. Samples were collected and outcrops described from three main outcrop localities in an area beginning in the Kootznahoo Inlet area on the west-central side of Admiralty Island and extending southward to the Keku Strait area between Kuiu and Kupreanof Islands. X-ray diffraction, optical mineralogy, scanning electron micrographs, and stable isotope and other chemical analyses were utilized during sample studies. Three stagtts of diagenesis were recognized. Stage I occurred under the conditions of nonmarine fluvial and paludal deposition and was characterized by development of sideritic concretions and cement. Stage II was characterized by local uplift of the formation and the entrance of oxygenated meteoric ground water, which resulted primarily in kaolinization. Stage Ill was characterized by the deposition of calcite and dolomite apparently in response to subsidence and the invasion of the unit by ground water of marine origin. Uranium mineralization associated with carbonaceous material has been found only where diagenesis to stage II has occurred. Scattered carbonized wood fragments enriched to as much ·as 0.2% uranium were found in a sandstone bed in the Kootznahoo Formation near Kadake Bay on Kuiu Island. The source of the uranium appears to be a heavy-mineral zone within the sandstone. Parts of the Kootznahoo where stage II diagenesis has occurred are favorable uranium exploration targets, but exposures are poor and the probability of finding commercial size deposits is low.

The present volume is an intellectual agglomeration covering a variety of topics in diagenesis. It starts with the diagenesis of marine pore waters and soft-sediment deformations, followed by two chapters on sandstones - one on climatic influence in terrestrial sandstone diagenesis and the other on the deep-sea volcaniclastic sandstones. Diagenesis of carbonates is treated next, with one chapter on compactional diagenesis and another devoted to a case study (Aymestry Limestone Beds, UK). There are two chapters on the origin and migration of oil: (a) maturation of organic matter, and (b) relation of diagenesis to mineralization and hydrocarbon reservoir development, followed by a chapter on sedimentary ore genesis - banded iron-formation. In conclusion there are two chapters on paleosols. This book will be of interest to geologists, geochemists and petroleum engineers.

A multidisciplinary approach to research studies of sedimentary rocks and their constituents and the evolution of sedimentary basins-both ancient and modern.

Diagenesis in Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks, Volume 2

Upper Carboniferous (Westphalian C/D) fluvial sandstones and Zechstein Ca2 (Stassfurt, second cycle) carbonates represent two important hydrocarbon reservoir units in NW Europe. A better understanding of reservoir quality variations and their spatial variability is crucial to develop successful exploration strategies. In fluvial Westphalian C/D sandstones and Ca2 carbonate reservoirs, the reservoir properties are controlled by diagenetic alterations and intense fracturing.