What happens when justice is delayed? It is denied, certainly. That answer, while a truism, is also incomplete, for it does not describe the depth, intensity, and complexity of the impact of delay in Indian courts. Several questions may be considered in this context: How does an undertrial prisoner bring up her child in prison? How does delay in disposal of a claim affect a company's business? Who suffers when land acquisition is mired in litigation-landowner or the public? Does involvement in prolonged litigation detract from a government's primary purpose? Will appointing more judges solve the problem of delay and rising pendency? Are amendments to law and policy working to mitigate delays? To answer these and other questions, this volume of essays-to which lawyers, economists, sociologists, researchers, and a High Court judge have contributed-goes beyond understanding the price of delay in terms of lost time and money. Instead, it examines the effects of delay at multiple levels-individual, institutional, societal, and systemic-through critical data analyses. It also presents innovative use of cross-disciplinary methods to understand what causes delay, how its impact can be measured, and how its effects can be anticipated and avoided. Targeted systemic interventions are crucial to minimise the adverse impact of delays, so that justice is neither delayed nor frustrated, or, indeed, reduced to mere illusion!

The court system in India is overburdened with a high number of pending cases. This acts as a barrier to justice, reducing the confidence of the public in our court system and causing a loss of time and money and additional stress for the litigants. In this book, we discuss some of the reasons for the delays in court cases. We touch upon the scale of the problem and its underlying causes. We use data from various sources and reports, which are cited where necessary. We especially focus on pending property cases, since they are the largest group of pending cases and also take the longest to resolve.

The wheels of justice turn slowly. This increases the costs of accessing justice in addition to hampering people’s ability to access justice from the courts. India is one of the countries whose inefficient justice systems are legendary. Most cases lag for years and in so doing delaying people justice. A significant number of all the cases filed in Indian courts remain unresolved for at least five years – the number has become increasingly alarming over the years. Some cases may take as much as 20 years to resolve. During this period, the people who required justice are deprived of it. In some instances, the accused persons died before the cases are resolved. Examples of cases that have taken an extremely long time to resolve include the Bhopal Disaster, Aarushi Murder Case, Pallavi Purkayastha Murder Case, Jayalalita DA Case, Hashimpura Massacre, Raja Radhakrishna Deb Land Case, Aadhaar Scheme, 1992 Babri Masjid Demolition, Uphaar Cinema Fire Case, and 1984 Anti-Sikh Riots Case. These cases highlight some of the reasons as to why the Indian judicial system is highly inefficient. They also highlight the untold suffering that the delay of justice causes certain people while propagating the culture of impunity in the Indian society where the powerful and well-connected can get away with anything at the expense of the weak and vulnerable. Generally, the factors lead to the delay of justice in the Indian judiciary include inadequate staff, lack of enough fast track courts, corruption, archaic laws, lack of technology, lack of public education, lack of adequate integration of technology in the judicial system, inadequate Lok Adalat courts, poor staff training and management, and the court appellate structure and management. These factors increase the duration of lawsuits and reduce the access of justice to common Indians. They also increase the cost of access to justice. This book addresses these issues in relation to the Indian judiciary system and proposes measures that may be taken to tackle these challenges.

In India, the quote “Justice Delayed is Justice Denied” is frequently cited in legal proceedings, orders, and judgments. However, its impact has been minimal, leading to a rising backlog of cases, especially criminal ones. This issue has been discussed at governance and judicial levels, yet the situation continues to worsen. The author's conscience is compelled to address this proverb due to the severe mental toll on accused individuals in prolonged criminal trials. These delays, spanning years, leave the accused mentally imprisoned and living in torment. The judiciary, known for its sharp discernment, appears inconsistent in criminal cases. Accused individuals endure financial, physical, and mental torture without fault, often for over twenty-five years. If trials concluded within a reasonable five-year period, many could have been exonerated much sooner. Even the cruelest animal shows mercy, yet the current system subjects the accused to prolonged suffering unjustly.

Collection of articles on legal aspects and control of the administration of justice in the USA and examination of major aspects of the relationship between agencies of economic administration and other forms of public administration and courts of law - includes relevant jurisprudence.

In this book Richard Susskind, a pioneer of rethinking law for the digital age confronts the challenges facing our legal system and the potential for technology to bring much needed change. Drawing on years of experience leading the discussion on conceiving and delivering online justice, Susskind here charts and develops the public debate.

This book systematically introduces the practice of restorative justice in India, as a resource for comparative criminal justice research. “Restorative justice” focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims, and with the community at large. It has gained momentum as a justice reform movement in Western countries within the past three decades, and it is estimated that up to one hundred countries worldwide utilize restorative justice practices. Within Western countries, it is seen largely a response or alternative to the perceived deficiencies of the existing criminal justice system. India has a rich tradition of restorative justice, and this work introduces both the traditional basis and contemporary practices of this justice system in India, in a comprehensive and systematic way. The contributions to this work cover three main areas: I. The Tradition of Restorative Justice in India II. The Development of Restorative Justice in India III. Restorative Justice Practices in India The third part – “Practices” covers special topics: including Restorative Justice and the Court, Restorative Justice and Incarceration, Restorative Justice and Juveniles, and Restorative Justice and Woman. The book covers the full range of the issues of restorative justice in India and will be a highly valuable resource book for researchers and upper level graduate students interested in alternative justice models in general, comparative criminology, and criminal justice in India specifically. “A landmark volume in the history of restorative justice and criminology in India. Many outstanding scholars in this collection outline the Indian experience of restorative justice from which the world has much to learn.” John Braithwaite Australian National University

The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.