Dr. Sandgren, drawing heavily upon oral evidence, reveals that the twentieth century Kikuyu encounter with Christianity produced a series of religious and culturally based conflicts, which in time caused deep, serious, and irreconcilable divisions in their society. At the center of these conflicts were the differing and increasingly antagonistic points of view that grew among three groups: missionaries of the Africa Inland Mission (AIM), the Aregi or those who refused to accept AIM authority and the Kirore loyalists to the mission. By mid-century, these conflicts, central to the Kikuyu society, played a role in the Mau Mau rebellion.

The common charge laid against missionaries that they are destroyers of African culture is shown to be untrue of the missionaries treated in this book, who worked with considerable success to integrate Christianity and African culture. The author examines the endeavours of the missionaries from the perspective of the local Christians, who were not themselves interested in Africanization as such. One can thus find some missionaries defending - against the elected African Church leadership - the right of the Chagga Christians to circumcise their daughters, and Nyakyusa Christians refusing to use African tunes because the missionaries - influenced by National Socialism - professed both love for African culture and White superiority. This informative book, based on local and archival research at Daressalam University, is eminently readable. It features the first historical study of Bruno Gutmann, and provides case study material for teaching.

During the twentieth-century, Christendom shifted its centre of gravity to the Southern Hemisphere, Africa becoming the most significant area of church growth. This volume explores Christianity’s advance across the continent, and its capturing of the African imagination. From the medieval Catholic Kingdom of Kongo to a transnational Pentecostal movement in post-colonial Zimbabwe, the chapters explore how African agents – priests and prophets, martyrs and missionaries, evangelists and catechists – have seized Christianity and made it theirs. Emphasizing popular religion, the book shows how the Christian ideas and texts, practices and symbols, which have been adapted by Africans, help them accept existential passions and empower them through faith to deal with material concerns for health and wealth, and to overcome evil.

"African Religions and Philosophy" is a systematic study of the attitudes of mind and belief that have evolved in the many societies of Africa. In this second edition, Dr Mbiti has updated his material to include the involvement of women in religion, and the potential unity to be found in what was once thought to be a mass of quite separate religions. Mbiti adds a new dimension to the understanding of the history, thinking, and life throughout the African continent. Religion is approached from an African point of view but is as accessible to readers who belong to non-African societies as it is to those who have grown up in African nations. Since its first publication, this book has become acknowledged as the standard work in the field of study, and it is essential reading for anyone concerned with African religion, history, philosophy, anthropology or general African studies.

Costly Communion: Ecumenical Initiative and Sacramental Strife in the Anglican Communion seeks to engage with Anglicanism’s theological responses to the onset of the twilight of empire and to explore the diversity of Anglican sacramental and ecumenical controversies during the twentieth century. From sacramental initiation and the doctrine of Eucharistic sacrifice to church order and the historic episcopate, Costly Communion offers insights into Anglo-Catholic and Evangelical attempts to resolve the divisions provoked by the impact of the Oxford Movement from the 1830s. In its engagement with sub-Saharan African contextualization of the Anglican, moreover, Costly Communion analyses the unanticipated threat that Anglican diversity now poses for the unity of the Anglican Communion. Contributors are: Jeff Boldt, Jeremy Bonner, Hugh Bowron, Mark Chapman, Colin Buchanan, Ken Farrimond, Joseph Galgalo, Benjamin Guyer, Charlotte Methuen, Thomas Mhuriro, Esther Mombo, Zablon Nthamburi, Kevin Ward.

From St. Augustine and early Ethiopian philosophers to the anti-colonialist movements of Pan-Africanism and Negritude, this encyclopedia offers a comprehensive view of African thought, covering the intellectual tradition both on the continent in its entirety and throughout the African Diaspora in the Americas and in Europe. The term "African thought" has been interpreted in the broadest sense to embrace all those forms of discourse - philosophy, political thought, religion, literature, important social movements - that contribute to the formulation of a distinctive vision of the world determined by or derived from the African experience. The Encyclopedia is a large-scale work of 350 entries covering major topics involved in the development of African Thought including historical figures and important social movements, producing a collection that is an essential resource for teaching, an invaluable companion to independent research, and a solid guide for further study.

The map of global Christianity continues to undergo dramatic changes, and on this map Africa comes to the fore. The proceedings of the Third International Conference at Munich-Freising on the History of Christianity in the Non-Western World seek to respond to the growing importance of Africa in the context of World Christianity. Prominent scholars from Africa and Europe deal with the manifold manifestations of African Christianity in the 20th century and the various ways in which "African" and "Christian" identities were formulated and interacted with each other. The negotiation of the local and the global in the process of forming African churches is discussed, as is the question of the impact of internal African debates and developments on global ecumenical discussions. From the table of contents (16 contributions): O.U. Kalu, A Trail of Ferment in African Christianity. Ethiopianism, Prophetism, PentecostalismK. Ward, African identities in the historic 'Mainline Churches'. A case study of the negotiation of local and global within African AnglicanismA. Anderson, African Independent Churches and Global Pentecostalism. Historical Connections and Common IdentitiesE. Kamphausen, 'African Cry'. Anmerkungen zur Entstehungsgeschichte einer kontextuellen Befreiungstheologie in AfrikaA. Adamavi-Aho Ekue, Troubled but not destroyed. The development of African Theologies and the paradigm of the 'Theology of reconstruction'K. Hock, Appropriated Vibrancy. 'Immediacy' as a Formative Element in African Theologies

An illustrated children's storybook featuring people of faith who rocked the religious boat on behalf of love and justice.