3. 1 Techniques of Comminution 35 3. 2 Solid-Solid Reactions 42 3. 2. 1 Mixing and Calcination 42 3. 2. 2 Modem Techniques 45 3. 3 Solution Techniques 46 3. 3. 1 Precipitation and Co-precipitation 46 Forced Hydrolysis 3. 3. 2 49 3. 3. 3 Hydrotbennal Synthesis 51 The Sol-Gel Process 3. 3. 4 53 3. 3. 5 Hydrolysis of Metal-Organics 56 The Emulsion Process 3. 3. 6 56 Solvent Vaporization 3. 4 59 3. 4. 1 Simple Evaporation 59 3. 4. 2 Spray Drying 60 3. 4. 3 Spray Pyrolysis 64 3. 4. 4 Freeze Drying 66 3. 5 Vapour-Phase Techniques 68 3. 5. 1 Vaporization-Condensation 68 3. 5. 2 Vapour-Vapour Reaction 68 3. 5. 3 Vapour-Liquid Reaction 70 3. 5. 4 Vapour-Solid Reaction 71 3. 6 Precursor Decomposition 72 3. 6. 1 Salt Decomposition 72 3. 6. 2 Polymer Pyrolysis 73 4. Synthetic Powders : Options in Preparation 75 4. 0 Introduction 75 4. 1 Single and Multiple Oxide Powders 75 4. 1. 1 Aluminium Oxide 75 4. 1. 2 Zirconium Oxide 85 4. 1. 3 Titanium Oxide 96 4. 1. 4 Magnesium Oxide 99 4. 1. 5 Silicon Dioxide 101 4. 1. 6 Rare Earth Oxides 105 Yttrium Oxide 105 Cerium Oxide 106 4. 1. 7 Zinc Oxide 107 [vi] 4. 1. 8 Mullite 110 4. 1. 9 Magnesium Aluminate Spinel 114 4. 1.

Bridging the gap between textbook science and real-world engineering and operational applications, this reference presents comprehensive and easy-to-follow summaries and evaluations of fabrication techniques for ceramic and ceramic composite specimens and components. The author addresses both conventional and alternative powder-based fabrication, chemical vapor deposition, melt processing, and reaction processing. Topics include the preparation of ceramic powders, plastic forming, colloidal processing, the use of additives to aid densification, hot pressing, the fabrication of filaments for reinforcement, rapid prototyping, and gaseous impurities.

A comprehensive reference on the properties, selection, processing, and applications of the most widely used nonmetallic engineering materials. Section 1, General Information and Data, contains information applicable both to polymers and to ceramics and glasses. It includes an illustrated glossary, a collection of engineering tables and data, and a guide to materials selection. Sections 2 through 7 focus on polymeric materials--plastics, elastomers, polymer-matrix composites, adhesives, and sealants--with the information largely updated and expanded from the first three volumes of the Engineered Materials Handbook. Ceramics and glasses are covered in Sections 8 through 12, also with updated and expanded information. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Many believe that the silicon/information age is heading to the Age of Biology and that the next frontier in ceramics will most likely require molecular level or nanoscale control. What, then, is the role of ceramics in the age of biology? As we change from an energy-rich society to an energy-declining society, how can ceramic materials appease the

Metal Oxide Powder Technologies: Fundamentals, Processing Methods and Applications reviews the fundamentals, processing methods and applications of this key materials system. Topics addressed comprehensively cover chemical and physical properties, synthesis, preparation, both accepted and novel processing methods, modeling and simulation. The book provides fundamental information on the key properties that impact performance, such as particle size and crystal structure, along with methods to measure, analyze and evaluate. Finally, important applications are covered, including biomedical, energy, electronics and materials applications. - Provides a comprehensive overview of key topics both on the theoretical side and the experimental - Discusses important properties that impact metal oxide performance, processing methods (both novel and accepted), and important applications - Reviews the most relevant applications, such as biomedical, energy, electronics and materials applications

Materials scientists continue to develop stronger, more versatile ceramics for advanced technological applications, such as electronic components, fuel cells, engines, sensors, catalysts, superconductors, and space shuttles. From the start of the fabrication process to the final fabricated microstructure, Ceramic Processing covers all aspects of modern processing for polycrystalline ceramics. Stemming from chapters in the author's bestselling text, Ceramic Processing and Sintering, this book gathers additional information selected from many sources and review articles in a single, well-researched resource. The author outlines the most commonly employed ceramic fabrication processes by the consolidation and sintering of powders. A systematic approach highlights the importance of each step as well as the interconnection between the various steps in the overall fabrication route. The in-depth treatment of production methods includes powder, colloidal, and sol-gel processing as well as chemical synthesis of powders, forming, sintering, and microstructure control. The book covers powder preparation and characterization, organic additives in ceramic processing, mixing and packing of particles, drying, and debinding. It also describes recent technologies such as the synthesis of nanoscale powders and solid freeform fabrication. Ceramic Processing provides a thorough foundation and reference in the production of ceramic materials for advanced undergraduates and graduate students as well as professionals in corporate training or professional courses.

Based on the author's lectures to graduate students of geosciences, physics, chemistry and materials science, this didactic handbook covers basic aspects of ceramics such as composition and structure as well as such advanced topics as achieving specific functionalities by choosing the right materials. The focus lies on the thermal transformation processes of natural raw materials to arrive at traditional structural ceramics and on the general physical principles of advanced functional ceramics. The book thus provides practice-oriented information to readers in research, development and engineering on how to understand, make and improve ceramics and derived products, while also serving as a rapid reference for the practitioner. The choice of topics and style of presentation make it equally useful for chemists, materials scientists, engineers and mineralogists.

Surface-Functionalized Ceramics Focused coverage of making and using functional ceramic materials for a wide variety of scientific and technical applications Surface-Functionalized Ceramics provides a comprehensive overview of surface functionalization approaches for ceramic materials, including alumina, zirconia, titania, and silica, and their uses as sensors, chemical, and biological probes, chromatographic supports for (bio)molecule purification and analysis, and adsorbents for toxic substances and pollutants. Overall, the text provides a broad picture of the enormous possibilities offered by surface functionalization and addresses the current challenges regarding surface analysis, characterization, and stability. As a well-rounded resource, the text points out opportunities of surface-functionalized ceramics, their issues such as achieving surface stability and complex analysis, and how to counter them. Edited by two experts in the field of advanced materials surfaces, Surface-Functionalized Ceramics covers topics such as: Processing methods for advanced ceramics, surface modification of ceramic materials, and methods for electrokinetic surface characteristics Surface imaging and chemical surface analysis using atomic force microscopy Surface chemical analysis and ceramic-enhanced analytics Biological and living matter-surface interactions including protein adsorption mechanisms as well as bacteria behavior in terms of biofilm formation and prevention for antibacterial applications Mesoporous silica and organosilica biosensors for water quality and environmental monitoring, plus ceramic-based adsorbents in bioproduct recovery and purification For professionals, researchers, and academics in the fields of materials science, biotechnology, biotechnological industry, environmental sciences, and ceramics industry, Surface-Functionalized Ceramics is a one-stop reference on the subject that provides different approaches to obtain surfaces of ceramic materials that perform desired functions.

Progress in the development of oxygen ion and mixed conductors is responsible for innovations in gas sensors, fuel cells, oxygen permeation membranes, oxygen pumps and electrolyzers. Commercialization has been impeded by material stability and compatibility issues, high fabrication costs and an inadequate understanding of the interfacial phenomena controlling the operation of the devices. Here, a group of experts cover all the key topical areas, ranging from fundamentals relating to (a) defects, electrochemical and interfacial processes, (b) catalysis, electrocatalysis and gas reforming, to design and fabrication, including (c) advanced electroceramic processing methods, (d) materials selection and optimization, (e) and applications including scale-up, commercialization and competitive technologies. Readership: Materials scientists, chemists, physicists and chemical and electrical engineers, either first entering the field or active within it.