Rate of population buildup of dwarf mistletoe, Arceuthobium abietinum Engelm. ex Munz., was slow in most small red firs and white firs 12 to 15 years after inoculation with the parasite. Where population buildup did occur, it remained clustered in the lower portions of tree crowns near inoculation sites. Maximum distance of vertical spread was 16 feet (4.8 m), after 15 years. The mean annual rate of vertical spread of the parasite in 12 to 15 years was 3 inches (7 cm) or less in test trees. No vertical spread occurred in some trees. Rate of vertical spread was much slower in all trees than the mean annual height growth of vigorous young red or white firs. Therefore, the test trees were outgrowing the spread of dwarf mistletoe within tree crowns. Vertical spread rate and rate of tree height growth together determine the proportion of tree crown that will be infested at a given time after inoculation.

The eight-year Reagan presidency not only initiated the largest peacetime military buildup in American history but also altered traditional partisan alignments and revised the policy agenda of the welfare state. In his insightful book, Daniel Wirls clarifies the relationship between defense policy and domestic policy during this period of significant political change when he examines three defense policies, the political coalitions behind them, and their interactions. Wirls discusses the use of the rhetoric and resources of national security to build and maintain Reagan's conservative coalition and undermine Democratic politics; the importance of the peace movement in the mobilization of liberal opposition to the Reagan revolution; and the adoption and promotion of military reform, particularly by members of Congress, in response to the clash between the peace movement and the Reagan administration. He probes the political competition among these institutions and coalitions by examining three major defense policy initiatives--the Strategic Defense Initiative for the Reagan administration, the nuclear freeze proposal from the peace movement and the Democratic party, and the attempts by the military reform lobby in Congress to change the Pentagon's procurement practices--and he weighs the impact of those forces on the defense debate and domestic politics. Treating an inadequately developed aspect of the political process, this book will be of great interest to political scientists and historians concentrating in American domestic politics, security affairs specialists, and military historians.