What is the role of legislatures in the budget process? Do powerful assemblies give rise to pro-spending bias? This survey of legislative budgeting tackles these questions using cross-national data and case studies. It highlights the tension between legislative authority and prudent fiscal policy, exploring strategies for reconciliation.

NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNT FOR THIS PRINTED PRODUCT- OVERSTOCK SALE -- Significantly reduced list price Engineers at War describes the role of military engineers, especially the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, in the Vietnam War. It is a story of the engineers' battle against an elusive and determined enemy in one of the harshest underdeveloped regions of the world. Despite these challenges, engineer soldiers successfully carried out their combat and construction missions. The building effort in South Vietnam allowed the United States to deploy and operate a modern 500,000-man force in a far-off region. Although the engineers faced huge construction tasks, they were always ready to support the combat troops. They built ports and depots, carved airfields and airstrips out of jungle and mountain plateaus, repaired roads and bridges, and constructed bases. Because of these efforts, ground combat troops with their supporting engineers were able to fight the enemy from well-established bases. Although most of the construction was temporary, more durable facilities, such as airfields, port and depot complexes, headquarters buildings, communications facilities, and an improved highway system, were intended to serve as economic assets for South Vietnam. This volume covers how the engineers grew from a few advisory detachments to a force of more than 10 percent of the Army troops serving in South Vietnam. The 35th Engineer Group began arriving in large numbers in June 1965 to begin transforming Cam Ranh Bay into a major port, airfield, and depot complex. Within a few years, the Army engineers had expanded to a command, two brigades, six groups, twenty-eight construction and combat battalions, and many smaller units. Other products produced by the U.S. Army, Center of Military History can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/1061

The Dynamic Energy Budget theory unifies the commonalities between organisms and links different levels of biological organisation.

The Budget sets out the Government's plans for taxation, public spending and economic growth for the coming year. Details announced include: an annual growth rate of 2.5 per cent for 2006-07 with a forecast of 2.75 to 3.25 per cent for 2007-08; an inflation rate of two per cent this year; and public sector borrowing on course for a 16 billion surplus over the economic cycle ending in 2010-11, with net borrowing set at 37 billion for this year and 36 billion next year, falling to 23 billion in the year to 2010-11.

GREAT GRAPHIC DESIGN ON A BUDGET is a cost-cutting primer and a sourcebook of ideas for creating first-rate designs on minimal budgets. It teaches you simple tricks of the trade and reveals innovative and unexpected ways for designers to cut the costs, but not lose on the quality, of their designs. An international showcase of eye-catching and memorable campaigns—all created on tight budgets—shows how successful these ideas and techniques can be. This invaluable manual will provide you with resources for free fonts and art, explain how to maximize print runs, profile inspiring ways of using recycled materials, and demonstrate dynamic alternatives to art. It even offers tips and techniques for achieving professional printing jobs in your studio.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

For the first time, the Government's fiscal policy decisions have been based on independent forecasts for the economy and public finances. Urgent action is taken to eliminate the bulk of the structural deficit through plans for additional consolidation of £40 billion per year. This will include £32 billion per year from spending reductions; £11 billion in welfare reform savings; a two year freeze in public sector pay, except for those earning less than £21,000 a year; and £8 billion per year from net tax increases, including an increase in VAT to 20% and higher rate of insurance premium tax from 4 January 2011. Plans to support business and restore competitiveness include: a reduction in the main rate of corporation tax to 24% over four financial years from April 2011; a reduction in the small profits rate to 20% from April 2011 and a reduction in capital allowances in April 2012; an increase in the Enterprise Finance Guarantee and the creation of a new Growth Capital Fund; an increase in the threshold for National Insurance Contributions by £21 a week above indexation in April 2011; and a Regional Growth Fund in 2011-12 and 2012-13. The Government also wants to ensure that every part of society makes a contribution to deficit reduction while supporting the most vulnerable. To this end, plans include: an increase in personal allowance for under 65s; capital gains increase to 28%; the introduction of a levy based on banks balance sheets; freezing of council tax in 2011-12. There will also be reforms to the housing and disability benefit and tax credit systems and child benefit will be frozen for three years. Pensions will also be uprated by a triple guarantee of earnings. There will be no increases in the rate of duty on beer, wine or spirits at this budget.