The First Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions ("AP I") is central to the modern law of war, widely referred to as international humanitarian law outside the United States. It updates the Geneva Conventions for protection of war victims and combines them with new or updated rules governing hostilities and the use of weapons found in the Hague Regulations Respecting the Laws and Customs of War. Due to its comprehensive nature and adoption by a majority of States, AP I is frequently cited as the source for law of war rules by attorneys and others interested in protecting humanitarian interests. The challenge for United States attorneys, however, is that their country is not a party to AP I and has been a persistent objector to many of its new rules.While the United States signed the First Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions in 1977, it determined, after 10 years of analysis, that it would not ratify the protocol. President Reagan called AP I "fundamentally and irreconcilably flawed."1 Yet, as will be detailed throughout this guide, United States officials have declared that aspects of AP I are customary international law. Forty years after signing AP I, and 30 years after rejecting it, the United States has never presented a comprehensive, systematic, official position on the protocol. Officials from the United States Departments of Defense and State have taken positions on particular portions of it. This guide attempts to bring those sources together in one location.

President Obama's former White House chief of protocol looks at why etiquette and diplomacy matter--and what they can do for you. History often appears to consist of big gestures and dramatic shifts. But for every peace treaty signed, someone set the stage and provided the pen. As social secretary to the Clintons for eight years, and more recently as chief of protocol under President Obama, Capricia Penavic Marshall has not just borne witness to history, she facilitated it. For Marshall, diplomacy runs on the invisible gesture: the micro moves that affect the macro shifts. Facilitation is power, and, more often than not, it is the key to effective diplomacy. In Protocol, Marshall draws on her experience working at the highest levels of government to show how she enabled interactions and maximized our country's relationships, all by focusing on the specifics of political, diplomatic, and cultural etiquette. By analyzing the lessons she's learned in more than two decades of welcoming world leaders to the United States and traveling abroad with presidents, first ladies, and secretaries of state, she demonstrates the complexity of human interactions and celebrates the power of detail and cultural IQ. From selecting the ideal room for each interaction to recognizing gestures and actions that might be viewed as controversial in other countries, Marshall brings us a master class in soft power. Protocol provides an unvarnished, behind-the-scenes look at politics and diplomacy from a unique perspective that also serves as an effective, accessible guide for anyone who wants to be empowered by the tools of diplomacy in work and everyday life.

International Marine Mammal Law is a comprehensive, introductory volume on the legal regimes governing the conservation and utilisation of marine mammals. Written as a textbook, it provides basic overviews of international conservation law, which enable the reader to understand the greater implications of governance of a specific group of species. Paired with biological information on some marine mammal species, the international regimes for whales, seals and polar bears are explored — either as part of global regimes of international environmental governance or as regimes that were specifically designed for them. The book concludes with outlooks on the future of international marine mammal law, particularly in light of Japan’s withdrawal from the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling in July 2019.

This is the first comprehensive, single-volume collection of terrorism documents. The editor assembled material from both governmental & nongovernmental source relating to the prevention & suppression of terrorism. The collection constitutes a valuable research tool for academics & also for those concerned with implementing instruments to combat terrorism.

Based on true events, "The Return" is a mesmerizing read. Various ET races interact and take an interest in our Blue Planet and particularly in one person. If she survives, she may change the course of history across the galaxy. Awareness expanding, with tales of mystical abilities and advanced technology, this book will stretch the limits of what you imagine is possible. It is not only engaging but like all other of Inelia's writings, it carries an empowering, uplifting energy.

Through the ages, international fisheries law has been characterized by a dialectic between flag States and coastal States. The institution of the Exclusive Economic Zone marked a milestone in the seaward extension of coastal States' powers. However, it has not brought the expected results, and coastal States have to a great extent failed to act as "trustees" of global fisheries. An emerging role in the fight against Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing has been played by States in their quality as States of active nationality, port States, and market States. Multiple jurisdictional claims raise a number of complexities relating, inter alia, to double criminality, or respect for legality and ne bis in idem principles in the case of prosecution of fisheries crimes. This book investigates the extent and nature of State jurisdiction (prescriptive, adjudicative and enforcement) in fisheries matters, and related problems of coordination. It also discusses the role of Regional Fisheries Management Organizations in regulating fishing activities in different marine areas and in delimiting the States' respective spheres of power. The entire investigation is functional to critically assessing to what extent the emergence of a new jurisdictional balance pursues the interests of States acting uti singuli, or the general interests of the international community as a whole. --

The America’s Cup continues to evolve as the preeminent sporting contest in the world of sailing and is one of the greatest contests in the world of sport. In its long and colorful history, disputes around the match have not only added major extra publicity to the event’s great popular appeal but also spawned a wealth of judicial and arbitral decisions that have become influential on the sport of sailing. This book - continuing the tradition of Kluwer Law International’s earlier publications on the 31st, 32nd, and 33rd America’s Cup - offers richly detailed expert commentary (along with the decision texts themselves) on the judgments of various courts and other dispute resolution bodies delivered during the tumultuous 34th America’s Cup. Since there is no official record of many of these documents, this book is the only source that presents them together in a single volume, with the added benefit of commentary. Among the aspects covered are the following: - all decisions issued by the 34th America’s Cup International Jury, as well as related decisions or awards rendered by other bodies (ISAF Disciplinary Commission, ISAF Review Board and the Court of Arbitration for Sport); - judgments of the New York Supreme Court and its Appellate Division regarding the rejection of the African Diaspora Maritime Corporation application to compete to be a defender; - the pivotal Jury decision affirming that the AC72 yacht could be made to foil on its centreboards and rudders, dramatically increasing its speed; - the first-time-ever Youth America’s Cup; and - the extensive mediation concerning safety recommendations following the death of a sailor. A general introduction surveys the most important and peculiar issues pertaining to the event. Written not only as a comprehensive legal record of the 34th America’s Cup but also with a view to favor future matches and to limit the possibilities of new controversies, the book takes a significant step toward ensuring that disputes are dealt with by arbitration and not by lengthy, costly, and uncertain state court proceedings. In this way the book provides invaluable guidance for trustees, competitors, and event officials, not only for the America’s Cup but by extension to other major international sporting events.

Investigating the Cyber Breach The Digital Forensics Guide for the Network Engineer · Understand the realities of cybercrime and today’s attacks · Build a digital forensics lab to test tools and methods, and gain expertise · Take the right actions as soon as you discover a breach · Determine the full scope of an investigation and the role you’ll play · Properly collect, document, and preserve evidence and data · Collect and analyze data from PCs, Macs, IoT devices, and other endpoints · Use packet logs, NetFlow, and scanning to build timelines, understand network activity, and collect evidence · Analyze iOS and Android devices, and understand encryption-related obstacles to investigation · Investigate and trace email, and identify fraud or abuse · Use social media to investigate individuals or online identities · Gather, extract, and analyze breach data with Cisco tools and techniques · Walk through common breaches and responses from start to finish · Choose the right tool for each task, and explore alternatives that might also be helpful The professional’s go-to digital forensics resource for countering attacks right now Today, cybersecurity and networking professionals know they can’t possibly prevent every breach, but they can substantially reduce risk by quickly identifying and blocking breaches as they occur. Investigating the Cyber Breach: The Digital Forensics Guide for the Network Engineer is the first comprehensive guide to doing just that. Writing for working professionals, senior cybersecurity experts Joseph Muniz and Aamir Lakhani present up-to-the-minute techniques for hunting attackers, following their movements within networks, halting exfiltration of data and intellectual property, and collecting evidence for investigation and prosecution. You’ll learn how to make the most of today’s best open source and Cisco tools for cloning, data analytics, network and endpoint breach detection, case management, monitoring, analysis, and more. Unlike digital forensics books focused primarily on post-attack evidence gathering, this one offers complete coverage of tracking threats, improving intelligence, rooting out dormant malware, and responding effectively to breaches underway right now. This book is part of the Networking Technology: Security Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.

This volume seeks to demonstrate, for the first time, that many Jewish and Christian texts in the ancient world were written as a direct response to an earlier situation of crisis that affected the author, or the intended reader. Presented here are texts from both traditions that were written over many centuries in order to establish that such crisis management literature was widespread in the religious and theological literature of ancient times. These chosen works reveal that all manner of crises could contribute to the production or the nature of these texts; including persecution, political factors, religious or theological differences, social circumstances; as well as internal or external threats. By understanding this crucial element in the composition of these texts we are better able to understand the complexity of social, political and religious forces that gave rise to many ancient theological texts, and to appreciate the strategies which the authors used to manage these crises.