The African American experience since the 19th century has included the resettlement of people from slavery to freedom, agriculture to industry, South to North, and rural to urban centers. This book is a documentary history of this process over more than 200 years in Toledo, Ohio. There are four sections: the origin of the Black community, 1787 to 1900; the formation of community life, 1900 to 1950; community development and struggle, 1950 to 2000; and survival during deindustrialization, 2000 to 2016. The volume includes articles from the Toledo Blade and local Black press, excerpts of doctoral and masters theses, and other specialist and popular writings from and about Toledo itself.

Reports for 1898/99-1917/18 include also "Laws and decisions."

An ambitious, honest portrait of the Black experience in flyover country. One of The St. Louis Post Dispatch's Best Books of 2020. Black Americans have been among the hardest hit by the rapid deindustrialization and

From the first Black amateur players before the Civil War through to the last barnstorming Negro League teams in the 1960s, here is the complete and utterly fascinating history of segregated baseball in the United States. Thanks to photographs of the major players and many first-hand accounts, baseball fans will get the full story of this tumultuous time, behind the scenes and out in the ballparks. Every detail is revealed, starting with that sad day in 1911 when the governing body of the National Association of Baseball Players voted unanimously to bar any club that signed an African-American. Meet the many players, including George Stovey, Sol White, and Welday Walker, who blazed the way for Jackie Robinson to integrate major league baseball in 1947. Feel the frustration felt by the players when they were denied hotel rooms and restaurant service while on the road. Every image and tale also conveys the joy of the game and the pride these men felt in playing professional baseball.

Award-winning African-American playwright August Wilson created a cultural chronicle of black America through such works as Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, Fences, Joe Turner's Come and Gone, The Piano Lesson, and Two Trains Running. The authentic ring of wit, anecdote, homily, and plaint proved that a self-educated Pittsburgh ghetto native can grow into a revered conduit for a century of black achievement. He forced readers and audiences to examine the despair generated by poverty and racism by exploring African-American heritage and experiences over the course of the twentieth century. This literary companion provides the reader with a source of basic data and analysis of characters, dates, events, allusions, staging strategies and themes from the work of one of America's finest playwrights. The text opens with an annotated chronology of Wilson's life and works, followed by his family tree. Each of the 166 encyclopedic entries that make up the body of the work combines insights from a variety of sources along with generous citations; each concludes with a selected bibliography on such relevant subjects as the blues, Malcolm X, irony, roosters, and Gothic mode. Charts elucidate the genealogies of Wilson's characters, the Charles, Hedley, and Maxson families, and account for weaknesses in Wilson's female characters. Two appendices complete the generously cross-referenced work: a timeline of events in Wilson's life and those of his characters, and a list of 40 topics for projects, composition, and oral analysis.

Chuck Harmons life story symbolizes and transcends our countrys struggle for civil rights and equality. From his humble beginnings as one of the 12 children of Sherman and Rosa Harmon in Southern Indiana, to the pressure of death threats as a Cincinnati player, this gentlemen big leaguer is an example of those African American pioneers who helped make a mockery of hate and injustice with integrity, decency, and iron will. From the stories of an early meeting with Babe Ruth to rooting for his beloved Cincinnati Reds today, Chuck Harmons compelling life story symbolizes all that is good about Americas pastime and its oldest professional franchise. His great-great grandfather fought and died for freedom in the Civil War. Less than 100 years later, Chuck Harmon was still fighting for justice - not with a gun and bayonet, but with a golden glove and hot bat. Chuck Harmon is proud to be called, Cincinnatis First Black Red. This book is an important look at the parallel benchmarks in baseball and civil rights, and Chuck Harmon is one of the quiet patriots who helped make America truly a country where all men and women should expect to be treated equally.